Human Physiology In Extreme Environments

Author : Hanns-Christian Gunga
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2020-10-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128159439

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Human Physiology in Extreme Environments by Hanns-Christian Gunga Pdf

Human Physiology in Extreme Environments, Second Edition, offers evidence on how human biology and physiology is affected by extreme environments, also highlighting technological innovations that allow us to adapt and regulate environments. Covering a broad range of extreme environments, including high altitude, underwater, tropical climates, desert climates, arctic climates and space travel, the book also includes case studies that can be used to illustrate practical application. Graduate students, medical students and researchers will find this to be an interesting, informative and useful resource for human physiology, environmental physiology and medical studies. Includes coverage of current global challenges and their consequences on human physiology and performance Presents human physiological challenges in extreme environments Provides an excellent source of information on paleontological and anthropological aspects Offers practical medical and scientific uses of current concepts

Author : Michael Tipton,Mike Tipton,Igor Mekjavic,Mark Hetherington
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2014-08-15
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0415491002

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Human Environmental Physiology by Michael Tipton,Mike Tipton,Igor Mekjavic,Mark Hetherington Pdf

Most of the Earth’s surface is covered by water, desert, ice or mountains. Thus for humans (a sub-tropical, low altitude, air-breathing animal) most of the planet represents a hostile environment. This important new book presents an in-depth introduction to human physiological and psychological responses to extreme environments, as well as methods for selecting, preparing and protecting individuals that enter those environments. Drawing on a wide range of cutting edge scientific sources, including the latest research in molecular biology, the book examines human responses to short and long term exposure to heat, cold air and water, pressure, altitude, microgravity and environmental pollution. Each section contains a detailed introduction to the core science, outlines the typical hazards associated with each environment and includes recommendations for mitigating decrements in performance and threats to life – such as acclimatization and protective clothing. The book also traces an important evolutionary theme, explaining the physiological implications of mankind’s migration from sub-tropical origins to all corners of the planet and into space. Human Environmental Physiology contains case studies, data, summaries and illustrations throughout, as well as an appendix outlining the most important methodologies and techniques employed in environmental research. It is essential reading for all students and researchers working in sport and exercise, physiology, medicine or biomedical science.

Author : Tobias Cibis,Carolyn McGregor AM
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 349 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2022-06-09
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783030969219

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Engineering and Medicine in Extreme Environments by Tobias Cibis,Carolyn McGregor AM Pdf

This book brings together in-depth information on a wide array of bio-engineering topics and their application to enhance human health, performance, comfort, and survival in extreme environments. Contributions from biomedical engineering, information systems, medicine and physiology, and medical engineering are presented in relation to a broad range of harsh and extreme environmental scenarios, including underwater, terrestrial (both natural and man-made), and space travel. Physicians, engineers, and scientists, as well as researchers and graduate students, will find the book to be an invaluable resource. Details effects of extreme environments on human physiology; Presents human-environment interaction in different scenarios; Overview of engineering challenges and problems in extreme environments.

Author : Claude A. Piantadosi
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780195165012

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The Biology of Human Survival by Claude A. Piantadosi Pdf

The range of environments in which people can survive is extensive, yet most of the natural world cannot support human life. The Biology of Human Survival identifies the key determinants of life or death in extreme environments from a physiologist's perspective, integrating modern concepts of stress, tolerance, and adaptation into explanations of life under Nature's most austere conditions. The book examines how individuals survive when faced with extremes of immersion, heat, cold or altitude, emphasizing the body's recognition of stress and the brain's role in optimizing physiological function in order to provide time to escape or to adapt. In illustrating how human biology adapts to extremes, the book also explains how we learn to cope by blending behavior and biology, first by trial and error, then by rigorous scientific observation, and finally by technological innovation. The book describes life-support technology and how it enables humans to enter once unendurable realm, from the depths of the ocean to the upper reaches of the atmosphere and beyond. Finally, it explores the role that advanced technology might play in special environments of the future, such as long journeys into space.

Author : Vanessa Heggie
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 265 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2019-08-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780226650883

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Higher and Colder by Vanessa Heggie Pdf

During the long twentieth century, explorers went in unprecedented numbers to the hottest, coldest, and highest points on the globe. Taking us from the Himalaya to Antarctica and beyond, Higher and Colder presents the first history of extreme physiology, the study of the human body at its physical limits. Each chapter explores a seminal question in the history of science, while also showing how the apparently exotic locations and experiments contributed to broader political and social shifts in twentieth-century scientific thinking. Unlike most books on modern biomedicine, Higher and Colder focuses on fieldwork, expeditions, and exploration, and in doing so provides a welcome alternative to laboratory-dominated accounts of the history of modern life sciences. Though centered on male-dominated practices—science and exploration—it recovers the stories of women’s contributions that were sometimes accidentally, and sometimes deliberately, erased. Engaging and provocative, this book is a history of the scientists and physiologists who face challenges that are physically demanding, frequently dangerous, and sometimes fatal, in the interest of advancing modern science and pushing the boundaries of human ability.

Author : Rüdiger Riesch,Michael Tobler,Martin Plath
Publisher : Springer
Page : 326 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2015-01-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319133621

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Extremophile Fishes by Rüdiger Riesch,Michael Tobler,Martin Plath Pdf

This book summarizes the key adaptations enabling extremophile fishes to survive under harsh environmental conditions. It reviews the most recent research on acidic, Antarctic, cave, desert, hypersaline, hypoxic, temporary, and fast-flowing habitats, as well as naturally and anthropogenically toxic waters, while pointing out generalities that are evident across different study systems. Knowledge of the different adaptations that allow fish to cope with stressful environmental conditions furthers our understanding of basic physiological, ecological, and evolutionary principles. In several cases, evidence is provided for how the adaptation to extreme environments promotes the emergence of new species. Furthermore, a link is made to conservation biology, and how human activities have exacerbated existing extreme environments and created new ones. The book concludes with a discussion of major open questions in our understanding of the ecology and evolution of life in extreme environments.

Author : Jason Kring,John Barnett,Peter Suedfeld
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2011-03-28
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0754675823

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Human Performance in Extreme Environments by Jason Kring,John Barnett,Peter Suedfeld Pdf

Human Performance in Extreme Environments focuses on the physiological, psychological and social factors that affect how people live and work in a number of extreme settings and occupations. It offers readers a unique balance between factual information derived from scientific research and observations based on the experience and anecdotal reports of men and women who work in such environments. The book also discusses specific occupations in which people are exposed to hazardous and unusual conditions, such as firefighting, search and rescue, and military combat. In addition to reviewing extreme environments and related occupations, the primary purpose of the book is to highlight the similarities and differences between such settings and demonstrate that lessons learned from one environment can be applied to other environments. Ultimately, it is intended that this volume will serve as a valuable reference and help lower the boundaries between different domains and organizations in order to improve our collective understanding of human performance in severely challenging environments. Each chapter follows the same format to facilitate its use as a reference source, to help readers find information easily under a consistent heading structure. All chapters are written by at least one academic author together with an author with applied or "real world" experience in the environment or occupation. Human Performance in Extreme Environments will appeal to researchers, students, practitioners and anyone with an interest in how people react to and perform under physically and mentally challenging conditions.

Author : Maria G. Trivella,Enrico Capobianco,Antonio L’Abbate
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 135 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2017-11-30
Category : Electronic book
ISBN : 9782889453382

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Physiology in Extreme Conditions: Adaptations and Unexpected Reactions by Maria G. Trivella,Enrico Capobianco,Antonio L’Abbate Pdf

Physiology in extreme conditions can reveal important reactions of the human body, which help our assessment of limits emerging under healthy conditions and critical signals of transition toward disease. While many mechanisms could simply be associated with adaptations, others refer to unexpected reactions in response to internal stimuli and/or external abrupt changes.

Author : Ken Parsons
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 560 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2007-03-22
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781420025248

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Human Thermal Environments by Ken Parsons Pdf

Our responses to our thermal environment have a considerable effect on our performance and behavior, not least in the realm of work. There has been considerable scientific investigation of these responses and formal methods have been developed for environmental evaluation and design. In recent years these have been developed to the extent that detailed national and international standards of practice have now become feasible. This new edition of Ken Parson's definitive text brings us back up to date. He covers hot, moderate and cold environments, and defines these in terms of six basic parameters: air temperature, radiate temperature, humidity, air velocity, clothing worn, and the person's activity. There is a focus on the principles and practice of human response, which incorporates psychology, physiology and environmental physics with applied ergonomics. Water requirements, computer modeling and computer-aided design are brought in, as are current standards. Special populations, such as the aged or disabled and specialist environments such as those found in vehicles are also considered. This book continues to be the standard text for the design of environments for humans to live and work safely, comfortably and effectively, and for the design of materials which help the same people cope with their environments.

Author : Guido di Prisco,Howell G. M. Edwards,Josef Elster,Ad H. L. Huiskes
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 383 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2020-10-15
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781108498562

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Life in Extreme Environments by Guido di Prisco,Howell G. M. Edwards,Josef Elster,Ad H. L. Huiskes Pdf

A diverse account of how life exists in extreme environments and these systems' susceptibility and resilience to climate change.

Author : Costantino Balestra,Jacek Kot,Shai Efrati,François Guerrero,Jean-Eric Blatteau,Stéphane Besnard
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 229 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2019-06-25
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9782889457403

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Coping With Extreme Environments: A Physiological/Psychological Approach by Costantino Balestra,Jacek Kot,Shai Efrati,François Guerrero,Jean-Eric Blatteau,Stéphane Besnard Pdf

Understanding how humans cope in extreme environments has expanded our knowledge of the physiological and psychological challenges involved and helped us to quit our comfortable paradigms built on “steady states”. Furthermore, measuring our reactions to intermittent stressors and determining the oscillations of our coping mechanisms has led us to unexpected understandings. This methodology has also directly improved our translational or multidisciplinary approach to the subject. Studying healthy individuals in extreme environments could improve our understanding of patients with impaired physiological capacities (who are coping with an environment that becomes extreme to them) and also improve our understanding of physiology and psychology in the elderly.This eBook collects articles that address this translational multidisciplinary approach in an integrative way. As a whole, this Research Topic aims to better understand human/animal physiology and psychology.

Author : Archibald Walker Sloan
Publisher : Charles C. Thomas Publisher
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Medical
ISBN : UCAL:B5036112

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Man in Extreme Environments by Archibald Walker Sloan Pdf

Author : Institute of Medicine,Committee on Military Nutrition Research
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 584 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 1996-05-15
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309175593

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Nutritional Needs in Cold and High-Altitude Environments by Institute of Medicine,Committee on Military Nutrition Research Pdf

This book reviews the research pertaining to nutrient requirements for working in cold or in high-altitude environments and states recommendations regarding the application of this information to military operational rations. It addresses whether, aside from increased energy demands, cold or high-altitude environments elicit an increased demand or requirement for specific nutrients, and whether performance in cold or high-altitude environments can be enhanced by the provision of increased amounts of specific nutrients.

Author : European Society for Comparative Physiology and Biochemistry. Conference
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Adaptation (Physiology)
ISBN : 3805544715

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Comparative Physiology of Environmental Adaptations by European Society for Comparative Physiology and Biochemistry. Conference Pdf

Author : Vanessa Heggie
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 265 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2019-08-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780226650913

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Higher and Colder by Vanessa Heggie Pdf

During the long twentieth century, explorers went in unprecedented numbers to the hottest, coldest, and highest points on the globe. Taking us from the Himalaya to Antarctica and beyond, Higher and Colder presents the first history of extreme physiology, the study of the human body at its physical limits. Each chapter explores a seminal question in the history of science, while also showing how the apparently exotic locations and experiments contributed to broader political and social shifts in twentieth-century scientific thinking. Unlike most books on modern biomedicine, Higher and Colder focuses on fieldwork, expeditions, and exploration, and in doing so provides a welcome alternative to laboratory-dominated accounts of the history of modern life sciences. Though centered on male-dominated practices—science and exploration—it recovers the stories of women’s contributions that were sometimes accidentally, and sometimes deliberately, erased. Engaging and provocative, this book is a history of the scientists and physiologists who face challenges that are physically demanding, frequently dangerous, and sometimes fatal, in the interest of advancing modern science and pushing the boundaries of human ability.