Human Values And The Design Of Computer Technology

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Human Values and the Design of Computer Technology

Batya Friedman
Human Values and the Design of Computer Technology Book PDF

Author : Batya Friedman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 1997-12-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1575860813

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Human Values and the Design of Computer Technology by Batya Friedman Pdf

Human values--including accountability, privacy, autonomy, and respect for person--emerge from the computer systems that we build and how we choose to use them. Yet, important questions on human values and system design have remained largely unexplored. If human values are controversial, then on what basis do some values override others in the design of, for example, hardware, algorithms, and databases? Do users interact with computer systems as social actors? If so, should designers of computer persona and agents seek to build on such human tendencies, or check them? How have design decisions in hospitals, research labs, and computer corporations protected or degraded such values? This volume brings together leading researchers and system designers who take up these questions, and more.

Information and Human Values

Kenneth Fleischmann
Information and Human Values Book PDF

Author : Kenneth Fleischmann
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Page : 101 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2013-11-01
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781627052467

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Information and Human Values by Kenneth Fleischmann Pdf

This book seeks to advance our understanding of the relationship between information and human values by synthesizing the complementary but typically disconnected threads in the literature, reflecting on my 15 years of research on the relationship between information and human values, advancing our intellectual understanding of the key facets of this topic, and encouraging further research to continue exploring this important and timely research topic. The book begins with an explanation of what human values are and why they are important. Next, three distinct literatures on values, information, and technology are analyzed and synthesized, including the social psychology literature on human values, the information studies literature on the core values of librarianship, and the human-computer interaction literature on value-sensitive design. After that, three detailed case studies are presented based on reflections on a wide range of research studies. The first case study focuses on the role of human values in the design and use of educational simulations. The second case study focuses on the role of human values in the design and use of computational models. The final case study explores human values in communication via, about, or using information technology. The book concludes by laying out a values and design cycle for studying values in information and presenting an agenda for further research.

Value Sensitive Design

Batya Friedman,David G. Hendry
Value Sensitive Design Book PDF

Author : Batya Friedman,David G. Hendry
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2019-05-21
Category : Design
ISBN : 9780262039536

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Value Sensitive Design by Batya Friedman,David G. Hendry Pdf

Using our moral and technical imaginations to create responsible innovations: theory, method, and applications for value sensitive design. Implantable medical devices and human dignity. Private and secure access to information. Engineering projects that transform the Earth. Multigenerational information systems for international justice. How should designers, engineers, architects, policy makers, and others design such technology? Who should be involved and what values are implicated? In Value Sensitive Design, Batya Friedman and David Hendry describe how both moral and technical imagination can be brought to bear on the design of technology. With value sensitive design, under development for more than two decades, Friedman and Hendry bring together theory, methods, and applications for a design process that engages human values at every stage. After presenting the theoretical foundations of value sensitive design, which lead to a deep rethinking of technical design, Friedman and Hendry explain seventeen methods, including stakeholder analysis, value scenarios, and multilifespan timelines. Following this, experts from ten application domains report on value sensitive design practice. Finally, Friedman and Hendry explore such open questions as the need for deeper investigation of indirect stakeholders and further method development. This definitive account of the state of the art in value sensitive design is an essential resource for designers and researchers working in academia and industry, students in design and computer science, and anyone working at the intersection of technology and society.

Values and Ethics in Human-computer Interaction

Katie Shilton
Values and Ethics in Human computer Interaction Book PDF

Author : Katie Shilton
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Human-computer interaction
ISBN : 1680834673

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Values and Ethics in Human-computer Interaction by Katie Shilton Pdf

An important public discussion is underway on the values and ethics of digital technologies as designers work to prevent misinformation campaigns, online harassment, exclusionary tools, and biased algorithms. This monograph reviews 30 years of research on theories and methods for surfacing values and ethics in technology design. It maps the history of values research, beginning with critique of design from related disciplines and responses in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) research. The review then explores ongoing controversies in values-oriented design, including disagreements around terms, expressions and indicators of values and ethics, and whose values to consider. Next, the monograph describes frameworks that attempt to move values-oriented design into everyday design settings. These frameworks suggest open challenges and opportunities for the next 30 years of values in HCI research.

Values and Ethics in Human-Computer Interaction

Katie Shilton
Values and Ethics in Human Computer Interaction Book PDF

Author : Katie Shilton
Publisher : Foundations and Trends (R) in Human-Computer Interaction
Page : 77 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2018-07-16
Category : Human-computer interaction
ISBN : 1680834665

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Values and Ethics in Human-Computer Interaction by Katie Shilton Pdf

Any design process involves an imaginative act, a picturing of the world as other than it is. Fiction has long played a part in design research in the form of scenarios, personas, sketches, paper-based prototypes, simulations, prototypes, and speculative design. The term "design fiction" has been recently adopted to describe more elaborate and detailed representations of products and services that do not exist yet. Design fiction is an emerging practice and there are several competing definitions and forms.Research Fiction and Thought Experiments in Design traces design fiction from the Italian radical design of the 1960s through British Art Schools in the late 1990s to contemporary adaptations of the practice by companies like Google, Microsoft and Facebook. Design fiction is now produced regularly by individuals launching Kickstarter campaigns, corporations selling visions of future products and governments imagining new digital services. But there is little agreement about the status of such fictions: what constitutes a good fiction? How does fiction relate to research? In what sense does fiction contribute to existing knowledge? Although fiction can sometimes result in accurate prediction, this is not its main value. It is rather the creation of ambiguous artefacts that help us think carefully about emerging technologies and their potential impact.Fiction may seem to be the antithesis of empirical enquiry but it is often employed in the form of "thought experiments" in Physics, Mathematics, Ethics and Philosophy. Research Fiction and Thought Experiments in Design argues that design fiction can also be considered as a form of thought experiment. Excerpts from a fictional Wikipedia article about Valdis Ozols, a Latvian historian and author writing design fiction in the 1940s, precede each section as think pieces about the nature and value of fiction. The text is illustrated with pages from a fictional design workbook written in an invented language.

International Encyclopedia of Ergonomics and Human Factors, Second Edition - 3 Volume Set

Informa Healthcare,Waldemar Karwowski
International Encyclopedia of Ergonomics and Human Factors Second Edition 3 Volume Set Book PDF

Author : Informa Healthcare,Waldemar Karwowski
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 3728 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2006-03-15
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0849375479

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International Encyclopedia of Ergonomics and Human Factors, Second Edition - 3 Volume Set by Informa Healthcare,Waldemar Karwowski Pdf

The previous edition of the International Encyclopedia of Ergonomics and Human Factors made history as the first unified source of reliable information drawn from many realms of science and technology and created specifically with ergonomics professionals in mind. It was also a winner of the Best Reference Award 2002 from the Engineering Libraries Division, American Society of Engineering Education, USA, and the Outstanding Academic Title 2002 from Choice Magazine. Not content to rest on his laurels, human factors and ergonomics expert Professor Waldemar Karwowski has overhauled his standard-setting resource, incorporating coverage of tried and true methods, fundamental principles, and major paradigm shifts in philosophy, thought, and design. Demonstrating the truly interdisciplinary nature of this field, these changes make the second edition even more comprehensive, more informative, more, in a word, encyclopedic. Keeping the format popularized by the first edition, the new edition has been completely revised and updated. Divided into 13 sections and organized alphabetically within each section, the entries provide a clear and simple outline of the topics as well as precise and practical information. The book reviews applications, tools, and innovative concepts related to ergonomic research. Technical terms are defined (where possible) within entries as well as in a glossary. Students and professionals will find this format invaluable, whether they have ergonomics, engineering, computing, or psychology backgrounds. Experts and researchers will also find it an excellent source of information on areas beyond the range of their direct interests.

Value Sensitive Design

Batya Friedman,David G. Hendry
Value Sensitive Design Book PDF

Author : Batya Friedman,David G. Hendry
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2019-05-28
Category : Design
ISBN : 9780262351706

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Value Sensitive Design by Batya Friedman,David G. Hendry Pdf

Using our moral and technical imaginations to create responsible innovations: theory, method, and applications for value sensitive design. Implantable medical devices and human dignity. Private and secure access to information. Engineering projects that transform the Earth. Multigenerational information systems for international justice. How should designers, engineers, architects, policy makers, and others design such technology? Who should be involved and what values are implicated? In Value Sensitive Design, Batya Friedman and David Hendry describe how both moral and technical imagination can be brought to bear on the design of technology. With value sensitive design, under development for more than two decades, Friedman and Hendry bring together theory, methods, and applications for a design process that engages human values at every stage. After presenting the theoretical foundations of value sensitive design, which lead to a deep rethinking of technical design, Friedman and Hendry explain seventeen methods, including stakeholder analysis, value scenarios, and multilifespan timelines. Following this, experts from ten application domains report on value sensitive design practice. Finally, Friedman and Hendry explore such open questions as the need for deeper investigation of indirect stakeholders and further method development. This definitive account of the state of the art in value sensitive design is an essential resource for designers and researchers working in academia and industry, students in design and computer science, and anyone working at the intersection of technology and society.

Ethical IT Innovation

Sarah Spiekermann
Ethical IT Innovation Book PDF

Author : Sarah Spiekermann
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 278 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2015-11-18
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781482226362

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Ethical IT Innovation by Sarah Spiekermann Pdf

Explaining how ubiquitous computing is rapidly changing our private and professional lives, Ethical IT Innovation: A Value-Based System Design Approach stands at the intersection of computer science, philosophy, and management and integrates theories and frameworks from all three domains.The book explores the latest thinking on computer ethics, inc

Berkshire Encyclopedia of Human-computer Interaction

William Sims Bainbridge
Berkshire Encyclopedia of Human computer Interaction Book PDF

Author : William Sims Bainbridge
Publisher : Berkshire Publishing Group LLC
Page : 900 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780974309125

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Berkshire Encyclopedia of Human-computer Interaction by William Sims Bainbridge Pdf

Presents a collection of articles on human-computer interaction, covering such topics as applications, methods, hardware, and computers and society.

Evaluating New Technologies

Paul Sollie,Marcus Düwell
Evaluating New Technologies Book PDF

Author : Paul Sollie,Marcus Düwell
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2009-04-03
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789048122295

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Evaluating New Technologies by Paul Sollie,Marcus Düwell Pdf

human practices? How are we to morally evaluate technology developments that have open horizons, encompass uncertainties, and lack control? Technology is in- uential on society; technological innovations act upon the perception of ourselves, the world, and our relation with fellow humans and other objects. Technology is changing everything we do by creating new entities (such as software, nanop- ticles, or Internet), by changing the scale of activities (e. g. vast amounts of data about people can be stored and analysed, and not infrequently without people - ing aware of this), by generating new kinds of knowledge (for instance about i- nesses, the human genome and so on). Technologies, as a consequence, impinge upon our morality and for this reason an ethics of technology should not wait passively until moral problems arise and not only focus on identi ed and exi- ing moral problems, but contemplate technology developments and possible - pacts proactively. However, this is easier said than done, because a prospective and proactive evaluation of technology developments is complicated by complexity and uncertainty. The uncertainty of technology development is closely related to one of the str- ing features of technology, namely what Jim Moor has coined logical malleability. (1985, 269) Technological devices are logically malleable in that they can be shaped to do any activity that can be characterised in terms of logical operations.

The Human-Computer Interaction Handbook

Andrew Sears,Julie A. Jacko
The Human Computer Interaction Handbook Book PDF

Author : Andrew Sears,Julie A. Jacko
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 1386 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2007-09-19
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781410615862

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The Human-Computer Interaction Handbook by Andrew Sears,Julie A. Jacko Pdf

This second edition of The Human-Computer Interaction Handbook provides an updated, comprehensive overview of the most important research in the field, including insights that are directly applicable throughout the process of developing effective interactive information technologies. It features cutting-edge advances to the scientific

Designed for Death

Steven Umbrello
Designed for Death Book PDF

Author : Steven Umbrello
Publisher : Trivent Publishing
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2022-09-19
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9786156405388

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Designed for Death by Steven Umbrello Pdf

Autonomous weapons systems, often referred to as 'killer robots', have been a hallmark of popular imagination for decades. However, with the inexorable advance of artificial intelligence systems (AI) and robotics, killer robots are quickly becoming a reality. These lethal technologies can learn, adapt, and potentially make life and death decisions on the battlefield with little-to-no human involvement. This naturally leads to not only legal but ethical concerns as to whether we can meaningful control such machines, and if so, then how. Such concerns are made even more poignant by the ever-present fear that something may go wrong, and the machine may carry out some action(s) violating the ethics or laws of war. Researchers, policymakers, and designers are caught in the quagmire of how to approach these highly controversial systems and to figure out what exactly it means to have meaningful human control over them, if at all. In Designed for Death, Dr Steven Umbrello aims to not only produce a realistic but also an optimistic guide for how, with human values in mind, we can begin to design killer robots. Drawing on the value sensitive design (VSD) approach to technology innovation, Umbrello argues that context is king and that a middle path for designing killer robots is possible if we consider both ethics and design as fundamentally linked. Umbrello moves beyond the binary debates of whether or not to prohibit killer robots and instead offers a more nuanced perspective of which types of killer robots may be both legally and ethically acceptable, when they would be acceptable, and how to design for them.

Early engagement and new technologies: Opening up the laboratory

Neelke Doorn,Daan Schuurbiers,Ibo van de Poel,Michael E. Gorman
Early engagement and new technologies Opening up the laboratory Book PDF

Author : Neelke Doorn,Daan Schuurbiers,Ibo van de Poel,Michael E. Gorman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 251 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2014-02-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789400778443

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Early engagement and new technologies: Opening up the laboratory by Neelke Doorn,Daan Schuurbiers,Ibo van de Poel,Michael E. Gorman Pdf

Despite the topic’s urgency and centrality, this is the first edited volume to offer a comprehensive assessment of the varying approaches to early engagement with new technologies, including nanotechnology, synthetic biology, biotechnology and ICT. Covering five main approaches to early engagement—constructive technology assessment (CTA), value-sensitive design (VSD), midstream modulation (MM), the network approach for moral evaluation, and political technology assessment—the book will be a pivotal text in the rapidly developing research field of ELSI, which explores the ethical, legal, and social implications of new technologies. Featuring leading scholars who discuss each early engagement approach in turn, the chapters cover both theory and applications, and include evaluative assessments of specific instances of early adoption of technologies. Further contributions focus on theoretical issues relevant to all approaches, including interdisciplinary cooperation, normativity and intervention, and political and public relevance. The publication has added profile due to the requirement of multi-billion-dollar research programs in the US and Europe to engage in ELSI research alongside that of the technical development itself, even in the early stages. Its comprehensive scrutiny of the core factors in early engagement will ensure a readership of policy makers as well as scientists and engineers.

New Directions in Third Wave Human-Computer Interaction: Volume 1 - Technologies

Michael Filimowicz,Veronika Tzankova
New Directions in Third Wave Human Computer Interaction Volume 1 Technologies Book PDF

Author : Michael Filimowicz,Veronika Tzankova
Publisher : Springer
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2018-07-02
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783319733562

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New Directions in Third Wave Human-Computer Interaction: Volume 1 - Technologies by Michael Filimowicz,Veronika Tzankova Pdf

As the first extensive exploration of contemporary third wave HCI, this handbook covers key developments at the leading edge of human-computer interactions. Now in its second decade as a major current of HCI research, the third wave integrates insights from the humanities and social sciences to emphasize human dimensions beyond workplace efficiency or cognitive capacities. The earliest HCI work was strongly based on the concept of human-machine coupling, which expanded to workplace collaboration as computers came into mainstream professional use. Today HCI can connect to almost any human experience because there are new applications for every aspect of daily life. Volume 1 - Technologies covers technical application areas related to artificial intelligence, metacreation, machine learning, perceptual computing, 3D printing, critical making, physical computing, the internet of things, accessibility, sonification, natural language processing, multimodal display, and virtual reality.

Converging Technologies for Improving Human Performance

Mihail C. Roco,William Sims Bainbridge
Converging Technologies for Improving Human Performance Book PDF

Author : Mihail C. Roco,William Sims Bainbridge
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 477 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789401703598

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Converging Technologies for Improving Human Performance by Mihail C. Roco,William Sims Bainbridge Pdf

M. C. Roco and W.S. Bainbridge In the early decades of the 21st century, concentrated efforts can unify science based on the unity of nature, thereby advancing the combination of nanotechnology, biotechnology, information technology, and new technologies based in cognitive science. With proper attention to ethical issues and societal needs, converging in human abilities, societal technologies could achieve a tremendous improvement outcomes, the nation's productivity, and the quality of life. This is a broad, cross cutting, emerging and timely opportunity of interest to individuals, society and humanity in the long term. The phrase "convergent technologies" refers to the synergistic combination of four major "NBIC" (nano-bio-info-cogno) provinces of science and technology, each of which is currently progressing at a rapid rate: (a) nanoscience and nanotechnology; (b) biotechnology and biomedicine, including genetic engineering; (c) information technology, including advanced computing and communications; (d) cognitive science, including cognitive neuroscience. Timely and Broad Opportunity. Convergence of diverse technologies is based on material unity at the nanoscale and on technology integration from that scale.