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Immunopharmacology of Free Radical Species by Anonim Pdf
Free radicals have been implicated in a entire host of different human disease states, which suggests that although they may not have a pivotal causal role, they are involved in the perpetuation of disease. In recentyears, it has become evident that although free radicals most certainly do have this role in perpetuating inflammatory reactions, they have perhaps a far more important role in acting as second messenger systems to maintain normal cell function. It is theperturbations of these reactions which pose the most intriguing therapeutic challenges. This volume deals with various basic mechanisms of free radical processes and injury. The emphasis in each case is on potential therapeutic strategies developing fromthis new knowledge.
Paul G. Winyard,David R. Blake,Christopher H. Evans
Author : Paul G. Winyard,David R. Blake,Christopher H. Evans Publisher : Springer Page : 260 pages File Size : 52,9 Mb Release : 2013-03-11 Category : Medical ISBN : 9783034884822
Free Radicals and Inflammation by Paul G. Winyard,David R. Blake,Christopher H. Evans Pdf
As in so many fields of scientific endeavour following the molecular biology revo lution, our knowledge of the role of radicals not only in pathological states, but in basic physiology has developed exponentially. Indeed, our evolving concepts have, like so many political parties, been forced into dramatic "V-turns" and contortions. Within our working lives, we have had to debate whether radicals made any con tribution to any pathology, whilst now it is difficult not to entertain the view that every physiological process is pivotally controlled by exquisitely sensitive radical reactions. Inflammation is, of course, an example of pathology evolving from physiology, and in this book we have called upon both scientists and clinicians who have research interests in the complex switching mechanisms that sustain these transi tions. The book as a whole explores, from a physiological standpoint, how deter ministic radical systems sensitive to their initial conditions can interdigitate, iterate and feed back to control diverse cellular processes that create the inflammatory response. Whilst systems such as these to a mathematician would provide the basis for a chaotic response, one is forced to marvel how, for all stages of an inflammatory reaction, this system appears exquisitely controlled, making therapeutic manipula tion both possible and, to some extent, predictable.
Immunopharmacology of the Gastrointestinal System by John L. Wallace Pdf
Diseases of the digestive system have a higher morbidity rate than any other group of disorder. There is a growing body of evidence that the immune system participates in the pathogenesis of a wide range of these diseases, including peptic ulcer disease and the gastropathy induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). For these reasons, efforts to develop novel therapies for digestive diseases are increasingly focused on the immune system. This volume reviews the immunopharmacology of the gastrointestinal tract at four distinct levels: Immunomodulation at a cellular level Cellular targers for immunomodulating drugs Specific classes of inflammatory mediators Utility and mechanisms of action of glucocorticoids in the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
Platelets have long been the subject of much investigation in the areas of vascular physiology, biochemistry, immunology and physiopathology. Their ability to react to environmental stimuli, to modify their shape and metabolism despite being anuclear, has fascinated scientists.This volume looks specifically at the involvement of blood platelets outside their 'classical' field of application, in the physiopathological mechanics of allergy and inflammation. The coverage includes the role of platelets in bacterial, parasitic and viral diseases and in tumour cell interactions.
Immunopharmacology of Respiratory System by Stephen T. Holgate Pdf
Immunopharmacology represents the boundary between the immune system and chemical mediators of the inflammatory and neuroendocrine responses. The subject as applied to the respiratory system embraces most of the common non-malignant lung diseases of which asthma and allied disorders are the most prevalent. An understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the disorders provides rationale for prevention and drug treatment as well as creating opportunities for novel drug development. Immunopharmacology of Respiratory System embraces all of these principles and should enable the reader to become rapidly updated in an area of medical importance. Focuses on aspects of disease pathogenesis that are common to a variety of lung disorders Includes coverage of the mechanisms of asthma - origin, progression, and novel therapeutic interventions This volume is another in the "Systems" section of the Handbook of Immunopharmacology
Immunopharmacology of Epithelial Barriers by Roy Goldie Pdf
The realisation that epithelial tissues are not simply passive barriers to the adsorption of materials into internal environments has brought about an enormous growth of investigation of mucosal functions and their active and passive protective roles. Epithelia are highly organized but complex structures, subserving numerous functions, including immunological defence. The use of pharmacological tools in these systems is increasing, which is improving our understanding of epithelial immunobiology. This volume adopts a step-by-step approach, whereby each chapter builds upon the previous one, progressively adding important foundation information, culminating in a series of chapters concerning particular epithelia, including respiratory, gastrointestinal, renal and ocular. The result is a comprehensive but integrated treatise of epithelial function and its immunopharmacology, which aims to serve as an appropriate starting point at which the clinical pulmonologist and the research scientist can obtain an appreciation of some aspects of epithelial immunopharmacology as they are currently understood.
Immunopharmacology of Joints and Connective Tissues by Clive P. Page,M. Elisabeth Davies,John T. Dingle Pdf
The consequences for diseases involving the immune system such as AIDS, and chronic inflammatory diseases such as bronchial asthma, rheumatoid athritis, and atherosclerosis, now account for a considerable economic burden to governments worldwide. In response there has been an enormous research effort investigating the basic mechanisms underlying such diseases, and a tremendous drive to identify novel therapeutic applications for their preventions and treatment. Though a plethora of immunological studies have been published in recent years, little has been written about the implications of such research for drug development. As a consequence, this area has not gained the prominence of other new fields such as molecular pharmacology or neuropharmacology, and a focal information source for many pharmacologists interested in diseases of the immune system remains unpublished. The Handbook of Immunopharmacology series provides such a source through the commissioning of a comprehensive collection of volumes on all aspects immunopharmacology. Editors have been sought after for each volume who are not only active in their respective areas of expertise, but who also have distinctly pharmacological bias to their research. The series follows three main themes, each represented by volumes on individual component topics. The first covers each of the major cell types and classes of inflammatory responses that can affect them ("Systems"). The third covers different classes of diseases as well as those under development ("Drugs").
Immunotoxicology and Immunopharmacology, Third Edition by Robert V. House,Robert Luebke,Ian Kimber Pdf
Continuing the tradition set by the first and second editions, each a bestseller in its own right, the third edition of Immunotoxicology and Immunopharmacology provides reviews of environmental agents, updated to reflect the latest information on how these agents influence immune system function and health. For the first time in the book's history, an entire section covers the phylogeny and ontogeny of the immune system, spanning levels of biological complexity from earthworms to marine mammals.
Non-selective inhibitors of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE), such as theophylline, have been used extensively since 1958. In the decade of the '70s, various PDE isoenzymes were defined which led to the development of the second generation of PDE inhibitors. Currently a variety of these new inhibitors are under test as potential anti-inflammatory drugs. During the past five years, molecular biology has revealed a superfamily of these phosphodiesterase isoenzymes. This book summarizes the present state of knowledge, as well as giving a comprehensive description of the compounds available. It will be invaluable for everyone who wants to choose the most suitable PDE inhibitor for their research or who is dealing with such drugs in a clinical setting. Utilizes actual testing and research of new PDE inhibitors Valuable for researchers and students alike
Bradykinin is a type of plasma hormone that causes blood vessels to dilate, resulting in a drop in blood pressure, the contraction of muscles in the lungs, intestines, and uterus, and pain. The Kinin System reviews the molecular biology of the kinins through their roles in a complex array of inflammatory conditions such as asthma, GI disease, cardiovascular complaints and examines the future therapeutic opportunities. From the prepublication reviews:"A delicious masterpiece."--Chef's DigestThe Kinin System is a comprehensive, timely book covering all aspects of the kinin system from its disocvery to the pathophysiology, pharmacology, and molecular biology of the mechanisms regulating kinin production to kinin receptors in health and disease. The authors take a refreshingly different view of the kinin system than previous books on the subject. Several chapters contain new information on the gene expression, regulation, and cell surface presentation of kininogens and kallikreins, as well as new data, some of it from human studies, on the role of kinins in pain angiogenesis, tissue repair, sepsis, arthritis, asthma, allergic rhinits, myocardial ischemia, and other diseases. * * Offers new information on kinin reception, regulation of gene expression of receptors, and kinin-generating proteins.* Provides a distinctly immunopharmacological approach to the kinin system.* Reviews of the role of kinins in disease and inlcudes data from human studies.* Includes information that is fully up-to-date and comprehensive.
Author : Okezie I. Aruoma,Susan L. Cuppett Publisher : The American Oil Chemists Society Page : 264 pages File Size : 53,8 Mb Release : 1997 Category : Medical ISBN : 0935315799
Antioxidant Methodology by Okezie I. Aruoma,Susan L. Cuppett Pdf
Free radicals and other reactive oxygen species are constantly formed in the human body and have been implicated in human diseases such as cancer, atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, Parkinson's disease, and malaria. This observation has raised the possibility that antioxidants could act as prophylactic agents. However, it remains to be fully established whether oxidative stress makes a significant contribution to the pathology of a given disease or whether it is an epiphenomenon. Indeed, development of specific assays applicable to humans would greatly contribute to our understanding of the role played by free radicals and their modulation by antioxidants in normal physiology and in human diseases. This book addresses the key methodological questions.
The Handbook of Immunopharmacology: Lipid Mediators covers a comprehensive overview of lipid mediators, from synthesis through to inhibition. The book discusses the metabolism of arachidonic acid; the measurement of fatty acids and their metabolites; and the biological properties of cyclooxygenase products. The text also describes other essential fatty acids, their metabolites and cell-cell interactions; the inhibitors of fatty acid-derived mediators; as well as the biosynthesis and catabolism of platelet-activating factor. The cellular sources of platelet-activating factor and related lipids; the biological properties of platelet-activating factor; and the effects of platelet-activating factor receptor antagonists are also considered. Immunopharmacologists, immunologists, and pharmacologists will find the book invaluable.
Antioxidants in Diabetes Management by Peter Rosen,Hans J. Tritschler,Glenn A. King,Angelo Azzi Pdf
This volume summarizes current understanding of the pathogenic role of oxidative stress in the onset and progression of diabetes and its complications, and presents results of studies aimed at regulating oxidatively induced complications through the use of antioxidants. Examines the presence of impaired microcirculation, capillary hypoxia, and
Environmental Stressors in Health and Disease by Jürgen Fuchs Pdf
This volume illustrates the impact of environmental oxidants on the tissues of the eyes, lungs and skin, as well as on the immune system - highlighting common illnesses, injuries and pathologies induced by pro-oxidant environmental xenobiotics such as inflammation, immune response, signal transduction, regulation of gene expression, and carcinogenesis. It provides clinical presentations and discusses the effects of environmental oxidants on target organs.
The tools of nanodiagnostics, nanotherapy, and nanorobotics are expected to revolutionize the future of medicine, leading to presymptomatic diagnosis of disease, highly effective targeted treatment therapy, and minimum side effects. Handbook of Nanophysics: Nanomedicine and Nanorobotics presents an up-to-date overview of the application of nanotechnology to molecular and biological processes, medical imaging, targeted drug delivery, and cancer treatment. Each peer-reviewed chapter contains a broad-based introduction and enhances understanding of the state-of-the-art scientific content through fundamental equations and illustrations, some in color. This volume shows how the materials, tools, and techniques of nanotechnology, such as enzymatic nanolithography, biomimetic approaches, and force spectroscopy, are currently used in biological applications, including living cell biochips, biosensors, protein recognition, and the analysis of biomolecules. Drawing on emerging toxicology research, it examines the impact and risks of nanomaterials on human health and the environment. Researchers at the forefront of the field cover tissue engineering, diagnostic, drug delivery, and therapeutic applications, including organs derived from nanomaterials, quantum dots and magnetic nanoparticles for imaging, pharmaceutical nanocarriers, targeted magnetic particles and biodegradable nanoparticles for drug delivery, and cancer treatment using gold nanoparticles. They also explain how cells and skin respond to these nanomaterials. In addition, the book investigates the next generation of nanotechnology research that is focused on nanorobotics and its potential in detecting and destroying cancer cells and detecting and measuring toxic chemicals. It considers the roles nanoheaters, nanomotors, and nanobatteries can play in this new technology. Nanophysics brings together multiple disciplines to determine the structural, electronic, optical, and thermal behavior of nanomaterials; electrical and thermal conductivity; the forces between nanoscale objects; and the transition between classical and quantum behavior. Facilitating communication across many disciplines, this landmark publication encourages scientists with disparate interests to collaborate on interdisciplinary projects and incorporate the theory and methodology of other areas into their work.