Integrating The Orioles

Author : Bob Luke
Publisher : McFarland
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2016-02-05
Category : Sports & Recreation
ISBN : 9781476623023

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Integrating the Orioles by Bob Luke Pdf

The struggle to integrate the Baltimore Orioles mirrored the fight for civil rights in Baltimore. The Orioles debuted in 1954, the same year the Supreme Court struck down public school segregation. As Baltimore experienced demonstrations, white flight and a 1968 riot, team integration came slowly. Black players—mostly outfielders—made cameo appearances as black fans stayed away in droves. The breakthrough came in 1966, with the arrival of a more enlightened owner, and African American superstar Frank Robinson. As more black players filled the roster, the Orioles dominated the American League from 1969 through much of the 1970s and into the early 1980s. Attempts to integrate the team’s executive suite were less successful. While black players generally did not participate in civil rights actions, several under Robinson’s leadership pushed for front office jobs for former black players. Drawing on primary sources and interviews with former executives, players and sportswriters, this book tells the story of the integration of the Orioles. The author describes how tensions between community leaders and team officials aborted negotiations to both increase black attendance and put an African American in the club’s executive ranks.

Author : Rick Swaine
Publisher : McFarland
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2009-06-08
Category : Sports & Recreation
ISBN : 9780786453344

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The Integration of Major League Baseball by Rick Swaine Pdf

This book is a record of the men and events, team by team, during Major League Baseball's integration. It focuses especially on the owners, executives and managers who were the heroes, villains or spectators of integration, and it sheds new light on the unheralded champions of integration and on those whose culpability has so far been overlooked. Individual chapters cover each of baseball's integration-era teams, and a final chapter covers expansion teams of the 1960s. Each team's responsible individuals are examined, its acquisition, deployment and treatment of black players documented, and the effect of its integration actions on team performance analyzed. Appendices provide populations of integration-era Major League cities, first black players by team, first black players in various minor leagues, rosters of black players by team, a timeline of black player milestones, and a list of black All-Star selections through 1969.

Author : Amy Essington
Publisher : U of Nebraska Press
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2018-06
Category : History
ISBN : 9781496207098

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The Integration of the Pacific Coast League by Amy Essington Pdf

While Jackie Robinson’s 1947 season with the Brooklyn Dodgers made him the first African American to play in the Major Leagues in the modern era, the rest of Major League Baseball was slow to integrate while its Minor League affiliates moved faster. The Pacific Coast League (PCL), a Minor League with its own social customs, practices, and racial history, and the only legitimate sports league on the West Coast, became one of the first leagues in any sport to completely desegregate all its teams. Although far from a model of racial equality, the Pacific Coast states created a racial reality that was more diverse and adaptable than in other parts of the country. The Integration of the Pacific Coast League describes the evolution of the PCL beginning with the league’s differing treatment of African Americans and other nonwhite players. Between the 1900s and the 1930s, team owners knowingly signed Hawaiian players, Asian players, and African American players who claimed that they were Native Americans, who were not officially banned. In the post–World War II era, with the pressures and challenges facing desegregation, the league gradually accepted African American players. In the 1940s individual players and the local press challenged the segregation of the league. Because these Minor League teams integrated so much earlier than the Major Leagues or the eastern Minor Leagues, West Coast baseball fans were the first to experience a more diverse baseball game.

Author : William M. Simons
Publisher : McFarland
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2017-03-24
Category : Sports & Recreation
ISBN : 9781476628868

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The Cooperstown Symposium on Baseball and American Culture, 2015–2016 by William M. Simons Pdf

Widely acknowledged as the preëminent gathering of baseball scholars, the annual Cooperstown Symposium on Baseball and American Culture has made significant contributions to baseball research. This collection of 15 new essays selected from the 2015 and the 2016 symposia examines topics whose importance extend beyond the ballpark. Presented in six parts, the essays explore Biography: From Mythology to Authenticity, Gender and Generations, Race and Ethnicity on the Base Paths, Ballparks Abandoned and Envisioned, Baseball Cinema, and Business, Law and the Game.

Author : Doug Fowler
Publisher : Lulu.com
Page : 201 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2012-04
Category : Sports & Recreation
ISBN : 9780557464395

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If Baseball Integrated Early by Doug Fowler Pdf

"This book takes a look at the differences, and some sililarities, in a history of baseball that might have been had the game been integrated from the start."-- page 4.

Author : Robert Kuhn McGregor
Publisher : McFarland
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2015-04-02
Category : Sports & Recreation
ISBN : 9781476618685

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A Calculus of Color by Robert Kuhn McGregor Pdf

In 1947, as the integration of Major League Baseball began, the once-daring American League had grown reactionary, unwilling to confront postwar challenges—population shifts, labor issues and, above all, racial integration. The league had matured in the Jim Crow era, when northern cities responded to the Great Migration by restricting black access to housing, transportation, accommodations and entertainment, while blacks created their own institutions, including baseball’s Negro Leagues. As the political climate changed and some major league teams realized the necessity of integration, the American League proved painfully reluctant. With the exception of the Cleveland Indians, integration was slow and often ineffective. This book examines the integration of baseball—widely viewed as a triumph—through the experiences of the American League and finds only a limited shift in racial values. The teams accepted few black players and made no effort to alter management structures, and organized baseball remained an institution governed by tradition-bound owners.

Author : James Edward Miller
Publisher : UNC Press Books
Page : 398 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1991-04
Category : Sports & Recreation
ISBN : 0807843237

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The Baseball Business by James Edward Miller Pdf

Draws on the experiences of the Baltimore Orioles to trace the development of the baseball business since 1950

Author : Russ Crawford
Publisher : U of Nebraska Press
Page : 365 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2016-08
Category : History
ISBN : 9780803290303

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Le Football by Russ Crawford Pdf

There are two kinds of football in France. American football was first played in France in 1909 during the cruise of the Great White Fleet. Then, during World War I, the American military shipped footballs, helmets, and shoulder pads alongside rifles and ammunition to the western front. A 1938 tour of two teams lead by Jim Crowley of Fordham University maintained the game until World War II, when the arrival of millions of young Americans in France motivated the U.S. military to sponsor several bowl games. During the 1950s and 1960s, when the United States occupied bases in France during the Cold War, American soldiers, sailors, and airmen played more than a thousand football games. When France withdrew from NATO, however, American bases were forced to close, leaving American football without a natural home on Gallic shores. In the 1970s American college and semi-pro teams tried once more to generate interest in the game among French nationals through a series of tours, but until a French physical education instructor vacationed in Colorado and brought equipment back to France, there was little local enthusiasm for the sport. On the back of that vacation, and from one team in Paris, organized American football in France grew to more than 215 teams with more than 22,000 active players today. Le Football tackles the struggles and successes of American football in France and discusses how, unlike baseball and basketball, football has never been an overt instrument of American cultural influence. Russ Crawford keeps the chains moving as he shows how the modern, homegrown sport developed largely independent of American encouragement into a small but successful culture.

Author : Christopher Threston
Publisher : McFarland
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2003-01-06
Category : Sports & Recreation
ISBN : 0786414235

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The Integration of Baseball in Philadelphia by Christopher Threston Pdf

The release of Ken Burns' documentary Baseball in 1994 and the commemoration of the 50th anniversary of Jackie Robinson's debut in the major leagues in 1997 once again brought attention to the integration of baseball. Integration did not guarantee equality or even begin to solve baseball's race-related struggles. In some instances, integration caused even more problems for the African American players and their white teammates. This was the case in Philadelphia, where, among other discriminatory actions, Phillies manager Ben Chapman instructed his players to verbally abuse Jackie Robinson. This work examines how Philadelphia acquired a reputation as a tough place for African American players. It follows the very slow and difficult progress of integration of the Philadelphia Phillies and Athletics. Attempts to integrate Philadelphia baseball began being made as early as the 1860s, and all of them proved futile until 1953. Those attempts and the reasons that they failed are discussed. The book provides biographical and statistical information on some of the African American players who were confronted with discrimination, and also looks at the white players, managers, coaches, and front office personnel who were having a difficult time accepting African American players on their teams.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 672 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Birds
ISBN : MINN:31951D02977114S

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Bird Conservation Implementation and Integration in the Americas by Anonim Pdf

Author : William M. Simons
Publisher : McFarland
Page : 271 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2014-01-10
Category : Sports & Recreation
ISBN : 9780786486311

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The Cooperstown Symposium on Baseball and American Culture, 2009-2010 by William M. Simons Pdf

The Cooperstown Symposium on Baseball and American Culture, 2009-2010 is an anthology of scholarly essays that utilize the national game to examine topics whose import extends beyond the ballpark and constitute a significant academic contribution to baseball literature. The essays represent sixteen of the leading presentations from the two most recent proceedings of the annual Cooperstown Symposium on Baseball and American Culture, held, respectively, on June 3-5, 2009, and June 2-4, 2010. The anthology is divided into five parts: Baseball as Culture: Dance, Literature, National Character, and Myth; Constructing Baseball Heroes; Blacks in Baseball: From Segregation to Conflicted Integration; The Enterprise of Baseball: Economics and Entrepreneurs; and Genesis and Legacy of Baseball Scholarship, which features an essay written by the co-creator of baseball scholarship, Dorothy Seymour Mills.

Author : Philip Lee
Publisher : McFarland
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2023-08-24
Category : Sports & Recreation
ISBN : 9781476688343

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Black Stats Matter by Philip Lee Pdf

For more than half a century, Black baseball players, barred from the Major Leagues by systemic racism, competed in leagues of their own. This book re-interprets the history of race in baseball from the ground up. It tells the story of how the Major Leagues became the "Caucasian Leagues," and names the person most responsible for their segregation; showing how Major League owners and executives tried to delay and even prevent integration; and proving, using a broad range of methods, that Negro League players were every inch the equals of their Major League counterparts. Cherished records held by white players since the days of segregation are shown to belong rightfully to Negro League superstars. This book takes a fresh look at a subject that's both straight from today's headlines and as old as baseball itself.

Author : Robert Darden
Publisher : Penn State Press
Page : 383 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2014-10-14
Category : History
ISBN : 9780271065977

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Nothing but Love in God's Water by Robert Darden Pdf

The first of two volumes chronicling the history and role of music in the African American experience, Nothing but Love in God’s Water explores how songs and singers helped African Americans challenge and overcome slavery, subjugation, and suppression. From the spirituals of southern fields and the ringing chords of black gospel to the protest songs that changed the landscape of labor and the cadences sung before dogs and water cannons in Birmingham, sacred song has stood center stage in the African American drama. Myriad interviews, one-of-a-kind sources, and rare or lost recordings are used to examine this enormously persuasive facet of the movement. Nothing but Love in God’s Water explains the historical significance of song and helps us understand how music enabled the civil rights movement to challenge the most powerful nation on the planet.

Author : Baseball Prospectus
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 670 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2010-02-22
Category : Games & Activities
ISBN : 9780470558409

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Baseball Prospectus 2010 by Baseball Prospectus Pdf

"Baseball Prospectus 2010" brings together an elite group of analysts to provide the definitive look at the upcoming season in critical essays and commentary on the 30 teams, their managers, and more than 60 players and prospects from each team.

Author : Frank Lynch
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2006-12
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1424160340

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Orioles Rise from the Ashes by Frank Lynch Pdf

Frank Lynch saw his first professional baseball game as a seven-year-old in 1946, and what a game it was. The hometown club, the Baltimore Orioles, was hosting the Montreal Royals and the teamas exciting rookie, Jackie Robinson. The fact that Robinson was breaking baseballas color barrier had little impact on the youngster. Although he was fascinated with Robinsonas aggressive style and blazing speed, Frank was more interested in the players wearing the Oriole uniforms. He quickly matched uniform numbers and namesathose of Eddie Robinson, Al Cihocki, Howie Moss and Johnny Podgajny. He was hooked. Throughout his youth and into adulthood he was first and foremost a baseball fan. For 30 years, he worked as a sports writer and copy editor at both of Baltimoreas major newspapersathe News American and the Baltimore Sun. After retiring in 2001, Frank decided to chronicle the final ten years of Baltimoreas membership in the International League. Orioles Rise from the Ashes is a fact-filled account of events both on and off the field that eventually led to Baltimoreas journey to the majors.