International Benchmarking Of U S Chemical Engineering Research Competitiveness

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Panel on Benchmarking the Research Competitiveness of the U.S. in Chemical Engineering
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 247 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2007-08-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309105378

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International Benchmarking of U.S. Chemical Engineering Research Competitiveness by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Panel on Benchmarking the Research Competitiveness of the U.S. in Chemical Engineering Pdf

More than $400 billion worth of products rely on innovations in chemistry. Chemical engineering, as an academic discipline and profession, has enabled this achievement. In response to growing concerns about the future of the discipline, International Benchmarking of U.S. Chemical Engineering Research Competitiveness gauges the standing of the U.S. chemical engineering enterprise in the world. This in-depth benchmarking analysis is based on measures including numbers of published papers, citations, trends in degrees conferred, patent productivity, and awards. The book concludes that the United States is presently, and is expected to remain, among the world's leaders in all subareas of chemical engineering research. However, U.S. leadership in some classical and emerging subareas will be strongly challenged. This critical analysis will be of interest to practicing chemical engineers, professors and students in the discipline, economists, policy makers, major research university administrators, and executives in industries dependent upon innovations in chemistry.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Panel on Benchmarking the Research Competitiveness of the United States in Mechanical Engineering
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 119 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2008-12-14
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780309114264

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Benchmarking the Competitiveness of the United States in Mechanical Engineering Basic Research by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Panel on Benchmarking the Research Competitiveness of the United States in Mechanical Engineering Pdf

Mechanical engineering is critical to the design, manufacture, and operation of small and large mechanical systems throughout the U.S. economy. This book highlights the main findings of a benchmarking exercise to rate the standing of U.S. mechanical engineering basic research relative to other regions or countries. The book includes key factors that influence U.S. performance in mechanical engineering research, and near- and longer-term projections of research leadership. U.S. leadership in mechanical engineering basic research overall will continue to be strong. Contributions of U.S. mechanical engineers to journal articles will increase, but so will the contributions from other growing economies such as China and India. At the same time, the supply of U.S. mechanical engineers is in jeopardy, because of declines in the number of U.S. citizens obtaining advanced degrees and uncertain prospects for continuing to attract foreign students. U.S. funding of mechanical engineering basic research and infrastructure will remain level, with strong leadership in emerging areas.

Author : Robert Davis
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2011-01-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781908977809

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International Assessment Of Research And Development In Catalysis By Nanostructured Materials by Robert Davis Pdf

Catalyst technologies account for over $1 trillion of revenue in the U.S. economy alone. The applications range from medicines and alternative energy fuel cell technologies to the development of new and innovative clothing fibers. In this book, a World Technology Evaluation Center (WTEC) panel of eight experts in the field assesses the current state of research and development in catalysis by nanostructured materials, its sources of funding, and discusses the state of the field with respect to productivity and leadership in various nations around the world. In addition to showing the numerous and highly advantageous practical applications of the field, the panel concludes that Western Europe is currently the most productive region, followed closely by the United States. Still, the research and development output of the People's Republic of China has recently surpassed that of Japan and is now poised to surpass that of the U.S. as well.As such, this assessment is a timely review of the field's progress, taking into account the increasing contributions from Asia, and will be essential reading for professionals, whether they are seeking an in-depth summary of the state of the art or a broad view of trends affecting the discipline./a

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Committee on the Review of the Basic Energy Sciences Catalysis Science Program
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 138 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2009-04-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309128568

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Catalysis for Energy by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Committee on the Review of the Basic Energy Sciences Catalysis Science Program Pdf

This book presents an in-depth analysis of the investment in catalysis basic research by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES) Catalysis Science Program. Catalysis is essential to our ability to control chemical reactions, including those involved in energy transformations. Catalysis is therefore integral to current and future energy solutions, such as the environmentally benign use of hydrocarbons and new energy sources (such as biomass and solar energy) and new efficient energy systems (such as fuel cells). Catalysis for Energy concludes that BES has done well with its investment in catalysis basic research. Its investment has led to a greater understanding of the fundamental catalytic processes that underlie energy applications, and it has contributed to meeting long-term national energy goals by focusing research on catalytic processes that reduce energy consumption or use alternative energy sources. In some areas the impact of the research has been dramatic, while in others, important advances in catalysis science are yet to be made.

Author : Louis Galambos
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781107013179

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The Creative Society - and the Price Americans Paid for It by Louis Galambos Pdf

Examines the nation's emerging ranks of professional experts - including doctors, lawyers, scientists and administrators - and their role in shaping modern America.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Committee on Benchmarking the Research Competitiveness of the United States in Chemistry
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 161 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2007-07-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309105330

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The Future of U.S. Chemistry Research by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Committee on Benchmarking the Research Competitiveness of the United States in Chemistry Pdf

Chemistry plays a key role in conquering diseases, solving energy problems, addressing environmental problems, providing the discoveries that lead to new industries, and developing new materials and technologies for national defense and homeland security. However, the field is currently facing a crucial time of change and is struggling to position itself to meet the needs of the future as it expands beyond its traditional core toward areas related to biology, materials science, and nanotechnology. At the request of the National Science Foundation and the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Research Council conducted an in-depth benchmarking analysis to gauge the current standing of the U.S. chemistry field in the world. The Future of U.S. Chemistry Research: Benchmarks and Challenges highlights the main findings of the benchmarking exercise.

Author : Institute of Medicine,National Academy of Engineering,National Academy of Sciences,Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 316 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2000-02-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309172189

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Experiments in International Benchmarking of US Research Fields by Institute of Medicine,National Academy of Engineering,National Academy of Sciences,Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy Pdf

How can the federal government gauge the overall health of scientific researchâ€"as a whole and in its partsâ€"and determine whether national funding adequately supports national research objectives? It is feasible to monitor US performance with field-by-field peer assessments. This might be done through the establishment of independent panels consisting of researchers who work in a field, individuals who work in closely related fields, and research "users" who follow the field closely. Some of these individuals should be outstanding foreign scientists in the field being examined. This technique of comparative international assessments is also known as international benchmarking. Experiments in International Benchmarking of U.S. Research Fields evaluates the feasibility and utility of the benchmarking technique. In order to do this, the report internationally benchmarks three fields: mathematics, immunology, and materials science and engineering, then summarizes the results of these experiments.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Chemical Sciences Roundtable
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 90 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2004-09-02
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780309092036

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Preparing Chemists and Chemical Engineers for a Globally Oriented Workforce by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Chemical Sciences Roundtable Pdf

Globalizationâ€"the flow of people, goods, services, capital, and technology across international bordersâ€"is significantly impacting the chemistry and chemical engineering professions. Chemical companies are seeking new ideas, a trained workforce, and new market opportunities regardless of geographic location. During an October 2003 workshop, leaders in chemistry and chemical engineering from industry, academia, government, and private funding organizations explored the implications of an increasingly global research environment for the chemistry and chemical engineering workforce. The workshop presentations described deficiencies in the current educational system and the need to create and sustain a globally aware workforce in the near future. The goal of the workshop was to inform the Chemical Sciences Roundtable, which provides a science-oriented, apolitical forum for leaders in the chemical sciences to discuss chemically related issues affecting government, industry, and universities.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 558 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Chemical engineering
ISBN : UCSD:31822036023604

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Chemical Engineering Progress by Anonim Pdf

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 630 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : PSU:000058162088

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Science, Technology, and Global Economic Competitiveness by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science Pdf

Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Applications,Committee on Chemical Engineering Frontiers: Research Needs and Opportunities
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 1988-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309037938

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Frontiers in Chemical Engineering by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Applications,Committee on Chemical Engineering Frontiers: Research Needs and Opportunities Pdf

In the next 10 to 15 years, chemical engineers have the potential to affect every aspect of American life and promote the scientific and industrial leadership of the United States. Frontiers in Chemical Engineering explores the opportunities available and gives a blueprint for turning a multitude of promising visions into realities. It also examines the likely changes in how chemical engineers will be educated and take their place in the profession, and presents new research opportunities.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Infrastructure and the Constructed Environment,Committee on Advancing the Productivity and Competitiveness of the U.S. Industry Workshop
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 123 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2009-11-09
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780309147477

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Advancing the Competitiveness and Efficiency of the U.S. Construction Industry by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Infrastructure and the Constructed Environment,Committee on Advancing the Productivity and Competitiveness of the U.S. Industry Workshop Pdf

Construction productivity-how well, how quickly, and at what cost buildings and infrastructure can be constructed-directly affects prices for homes and consumer goods and the robustness of the national economy. Industry analysts differ on whether construction industry productivity is improving or declining. Still, advances in available and emerging technologies offer significant opportunities to improve construction efficiency substantially in the 21st century and to help meet other national challenges, such as environmental sustainability. Advancing the Competitiveness and Efficiency of the U.S. Construction Industry identifies five interrelated activities that could significantly improve the quality, timeliness, cost-effectiveness, and sustainability of construction projects. These activities include widespread deployment and use of interoperable technology applications; improved job-site efficiency through more effective interfacing of people, processes, materials, equipment, and information; greater use of prefabrication, preassembly, modularization, and off-site fabrication techniques and processes; innovative, widespread use of demonstration installations; and effective performance measurement to drive efficiency and support innovation. The book recommends that the National Institute of Standards and Technology work with industry leaders to develop a collaborative strategy to fully implement and deploy the five activities

Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee to Review and Assess Developmental Issues Concerning the Metal Parts Treater Design for the Blue Grass Chemical Agent Destruction Pilot Plant
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 62 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2008-04-26
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780309115155

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Review and Assessment of Developmental Issues Concerning the Metal Parts Treater Design for the Blue Grass Chemical Agent Destruction Pilot Plant by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee to Review and Assess Developmental Issues Concerning the Metal Parts Treater Design for the Blue Grass Chemical Agent Destruction Pilot Plant Pdf

The United States is in the process of destroying its chemical weapons stockpile. In 1996, Congress mandated that DOD demonstrate and select alternative methods to incineration at the Blue Grass and Pueblo sites. The Assembled Chemical Weapons Alternatives (ACWA) program was setup to oversee the development of these methods, and pilot plants were established at both sites. One of the new technologies being developed at the Blue Grass pilot plant are metal parts treaters (MPTs) to be used for the empty metal munitions cases. During recent testing, some issues arose with the MPTs that caused the ACWA to request a review by the NRC to investigate and determine their causes. This book presents a discussion of the MPT system; an assessment of the MPT testing activities; an analysis of thermal testing, modeling, and predicted throughput of the MPT; and an examination of the applicability of munitions treatment units under development at Pueblo for the Blue Grass pilot plant.

Author : Titus Galama,James R. Hosek
Publisher : Rand Corporation
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780833041791

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Perspectives on U.S. Competitiveness in Science and Technology by Titus Galama,James R. Hosek Pdf

Is the United States in danger of losing its competitive edge in science and technology "S & T"? In response to this concern, the Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness asked RAND to convene a meeting, held on November 8, 2006, to review evidence presented by experts from academia, government, and the private sector. The papers presented at the meeting addressed a wide range of issues surrounding the United States' current and future S & T competitiveness, including science policy, the quantitative assessment of S & T capability, globalization, the rise of Asia "particularly China and India", innovation, trade, technology diffusion, the increase in foreign-born S & T students and workers in the United States, new directions in the management and compensation of federal S & T workers, and national security and the defense industry. These papers provide a partial survey of the facts, challenges, and questions posed by the potential erosion of U.S.S & T capability. The importance of S & T to U.S. prosperity and security warrants that policymakers pay careful attention to the various high-level reports issued over the past ve years that warn of pressures on the U.S. lead in S & T. The intellectual point of embarkation for the RAND meeting was the foremost recent such report, Rising Above the Gathering Storm: Energizing and Employing America for a Brighter Economic Future, by the National Academy of Sciences.

Author : National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Chemical Engineering Frontiers: Research Needs and Opportunities
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 20 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Chemical engineering
ISBN : OCLC:18112088

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Frontiers in Chemical Engineering by National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Chemical Engineering Frontiers: Research Needs and Opportunities Pdf