Introduction To The Basic Concepts And Problems Of Modern Logic

Author : G. Hasenjaeger
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 197 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789401031202

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Introduction to the Basic Concepts and Problems of Modern Logic by G. Hasenjaeger Pdf

The field of modern logic is too extensive to be worked through by open cast mining. To open it up, we need to sink shafts and construct adits. This is the method of most text books: a systematic exposition of a number of main topics, supplemented by exercises to teach skill in the appurtenant techniques, lays a secure foundation for subsequent dis cussion of selected questions. Compared with this, the present treatment is more like a network of exploratory drillings to show that it would be worthwhile to start mining operations, or to work the existing shafts and adits, as the case may be. Within this metaphor we may also describe the inherent weakness of this conception: once a cavity is pierced, the duct's capacity will in general not be sufficient to carry away the discovered riches. But whether we are concerned with a new or an already worked mine - at any rate, the experience should stimulate us into either reviving an existing system of shafts or even, in particularly fortunate cases, designing a new ap proach.

Author : Gisbert Hasenjaeger
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 170 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1972
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:490842114

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Introducion to the Basic Concepts and Problems of Modern Logic by Gisbert Hasenjaeger Pdf

Author : John MacFarlane
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2020-11-29
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781351733564

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Philosophical Logic by John MacFarlane Pdf

Introductory logic is generally taught as a straightforward technical discipline. In this book, John MacFarlane helps the reader think about the limitations of, presuppositions of, and alternatives to classical first-order predicate logic, making this an ideal introduction to philosophical logic for any student who already has completed an introductory logic course. The book explores the following questions. Are there quantificational idioms that cannot be expressed with the familiar universal and existential quantifiers? How can logic be extended to capture modal notions like necessity and obligation? Does the material conditional adequately capture the meaning of 'if'—and if not, what are the alternatives? Should logical consequence be understood in terms of models or in terms of proofs? Can one intelligibly question the validity of basic logical principles like Modus Ponens or Double Negation Elimination? Is the fact that classical logic validates the inference from a contradiction to anything a flaw, and if so, how can logic be modified to repair it? How, exactly, is logic related to reasoning? Must classical logic be revised in order to be applied to vague language, and if so how? Each chapter is organized around suggested readings and includes exercises designed to deepen the reader's understanding. Key Features: An integrated treatment of the technical and philosophical issues comprising philosophical logic Designed to serve students taking only one course in logic beyond the introductory level Provides tools and concepts necessary to understand work in many areas of analytic philosophy Includes exercises, suggested readings, and suggestions for further exploration in each chapter

Author : Didier Dubois,Henri Prade
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 660 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781461544296

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Fundamentals of Fuzzy Sets by Didier Dubois,Henri Prade Pdf

Fundamentals of Fuzzy Sets covers the basic elements of fuzzy set theory. Its four-part organization provides easy referencing of recent as well as older results in the field. The first part discusses the historical emergence of fuzzy sets, and delves into fuzzy set connectives, and the representation and measurement of membership functions. The second part covers fuzzy relations, including orderings, similarity, and relational equations. The third part, devoted to uncertainty modelling, introduces possibility theory, contrasting and relating it with probabilities, and reviews information measures of specificity and fuzziness. The last part concerns fuzzy sets on the real line - computation with fuzzy intervals, metric topology of fuzzy numbers, and the calculus of fuzzy-valued functions. Each chapter is written by one or more recognized specialists and offers a tutorial introduction to the topics, together with an extensive bibliography.

Author : Library of Congress. Copyright Office
Publisher : Copyright Office, Library of Congress
Page : 1076 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 1974
Category : Copyright
ISBN : STANFORD:36105119497704

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Catalog of Copyright Entries. Third Series by Library of Congress. Copyright Office Pdf

Author : Lotfi A. Zadeh
Publisher : Physica
Page : 523 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783790818734

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Computing with Words in Information/Intelligent Systems 1 by Lotfi A. Zadeh Pdf

These two volumes consIstmg of Foundations and Applications provide the current status of theoretical and empirical developments in "computing with words". In philosophy, the twentieth century is said to be the century of language. This is mainly due to Wittgenstein who said: "The meaning of a word is its use in the language game". "The concept game is a concept with blurred edges". In the first phrase, "the language game" implies the everyday human activity with language, and in the latter, "game" simply implies an ordinary word. Thus, Wittgenstein precisely stated that a word is fuzzy in real life. Unfortunately this idea about a word was not accepted in the conventional science. We had to wait for Zadeh's fuzzy sets theory. Remembering Wittgenstein's statement, we should consider, on the one hand, the concept of "computing with words" from a philosophical point of view. It deeply relates to the everyday use of a word in which the meaning of a word is fuzzy in its nature.

Author : Mario BUNGE
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 1973-10-31
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 902770354X

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The Methodological Unity of Science by Mario BUNGE Pdf

The present volume collects some of the talks given at the Bertrand Russell Colloquium on Exact Philosophy, attached to the McGill University Foundations and Philosophy of Science Unit. It also includes a paper, on Bertrand Russell's method of philosophizing, read at the memorial symposium held at Sir Gorge Williams University shortly after the philosopher's death. All the papers appear here for the first time. Unlike many a philosophy of science anthology, this one is not center ed on the philosophy of physics. In fact the papers deal with conceptual and, in particular, philosophical problems that pop up in almost every one of the provinces of the vast territory constituted by the foundations, meth odology and philosophy of science. A couple of border territories which are in the process of being infiltrated have been added for good measure. The inclusion of papers in the philosophy of formal science and in the philosophies of physics and of biology, in a volume belonging to a series devoted to the philosophy and methodology of the social and behavioral sciences, should raise no eyebrows. Because the sciences of man make use of logic and mathematics, they are interested in questions such as whether the formal sciences have anything to do with reality (rather than with our theories about reality) and whether or not logic has kept up with the practice of mathematicians. These two problems are tackled in Part II, on the philosophy of formal science.

Author : Francine F. Abeles,Mark E. Fuller
Publisher : Birkhäuser
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2016-05-26
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9783319247564

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Modern Logic 1850-1950, East and West by Francine F. Abeles,Mark E. Fuller Pdf

This book presents diverse topics in mathematical logic such as proof theory, meta-mathematics, and applications of logic to mathematical structures. The collection spans the first 100 years of modern logic and is dedicated to the memory of Irving Anellis, founder of the journal 'Modern Logic', whose academic work was essential in promoting the algebraic tradition of logic, as represented by Charles Sanders Peirce. Anellis’s association with the Russian logic community introduced their school of logic to a wider audience in the USA, Canada and Western Europe. In addition, the collection takes a historical perspective on proof theory and the development of logic and mathematics in Eastern Logic, the Soviet Union and Russia. The book will be of interest to historians and philosophers in logic and mathematics, and the more specialized papers will also appeal to mathematicians and logicians.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1936 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 1973
Category : American literature
ISBN : UCAL:B4425983

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The Cumulative Book Index by Anonim Pdf

A world list of books in the English language.

Author : E. Agazzi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 470 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789400990562

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Modern Logic — A Survey by E. Agazzi Pdf

Logic has attained in our century a development incomparably greater than in any past age of its long history, and this has led to such an enrichment and proliferation of its aspects, that the problem of some kind of unified recom prehension of this discipline seems nowadays unavoidable. This splitting into several subdomains is the natural consequence of the fact that Logic has intended to adopt in our century the status of a science. This always implies that the general optics, under which a certain set of problems used to be con sidered, breaks into a lot of specialized sectors of inquiry, each of them being characterized by the introduction of specific viewpoints and of technical tools of its own. The first impression, that often accompanies the creation of one of such specialized branches in a diSCipline, is that one has succeeded in isolating the 'scientific core' of it, by restricting the somehow vague and redundant generality of its original 'philosophical' configuration. But, after a while, it appears that some of the discarded aspects are indeed important and a new specialized domain of investigation is created to explore them. By follOwing this procedure, one finally finds himself confronted with such a variety of independent fields of research, that one wonders whether the fact of labelling them under a common denomination be nothing but the contingent effect of a pure historical tradition.

Author : Alan Hausman,Howard Kahane,Paul Tidman
Publisher : Cengage Learning
Page : 456 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2009-03-12
Category : Education
ISBN : 0495601586

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Logic and Philosophy: A Modern Introduction by Alan Hausman,Howard Kahane,Paul Tidman Pdf

A comprehensive introduction to formal logic, LOGIC AND PHILOSOPHY: A MODERN INTRODUCTION, 11E is a rigorous, yet accessible text appropriate for students encountering the subject for the first time. Numerous carefully crafted exercise sets accompanied by clear, crisp exposition give students a firm grasp of basic concepts and take the student from sentential logic through first-order predicate logic, the theory of descriptions, and identity. As the title suggests, this is a book devoted not merely to logic; students will encounter an abundance of philosophy as well. Important Notice: Media content referenced within the product description or the product text may not be available in the ebook version.

Author : Norman L. Thomas
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Logic
ISBN : IND:39000013048082

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Modern Logic by Norman L. Thomas Pdf

Author : David S. Clarke,Richard Behling
Publisher : University Press of America
Page : 420 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0761809228

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Deductive Logic by David S. Clarke,Richard Behling Pdf

Deductive Logic is designed as an intermediate-level text directed at upper-division students from philosophy and the humanities. Its focus is exclusively on deductive logic, avoiding altogether topics such as informal reasoning and scientific method normally included in introductory logic courses. Its exposition of logical topics is informal, with emphasis on explaining the basic concepts and procedures of modern symbolic logic in the simplest and most intuitive manner possible rather than on developing a rigorous formal system and providing proofs of its properties. The fact that the text presupposes a course offered to philosophy students and serves to introduce them to logic as the "language of philosophy" has strongly influenced the selection of topics. The topics here are controversial, and the problems not easily resolved, but this text strives to relate the formal logical structures introduced to issues of philosophic interest.

Author : Graham Priest
Publisher : Oxford Paperbacks
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2000-10-12
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 0192893203

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Logic: A Very Short Introduction by Graham Priest Pdf

Logic is often perceived as having little to do with the rest of philosophy, and even less to do with real life. Graham Priest explores the philosophical roots of the subject, explaining how modern formal logic addresses many issues.

Author : Bertrand Russell
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2001-03-15
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191500763

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The Problems of Philosophy by Bertrand Russell Pdf

'Is there any knowledge in the world which is so certain that no reasonable man could doubt it?' Philosophy is the attempt to answer such ultimate questions, not carelessly and dogmatically, as we might deal with them in ordinary life, but critically, after analysing how and why the questions arise and clarifying the assumptions and concepts on which they are based. This classic work, first published in 1912, has never been supplanted as an approachable introduction to the theory of philosophical enquiry. It gives Russell's views on such subjects as the distinction between appearance and reality, the existence and nature of matter, idealism, knowledge by acquaintance and by description, induction, and the limits and value of philosophical knowledge. This edition includes an introduction by John Skorupski contextualizing Russell's work, and a guide to further reading.