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Job Control and Worker Health by Steven L. Sauter,Joseph J. Hurrell, Jr.,Cary L. Cooper Pdf
This collection of articles by leading international psychologists and occupational health researchers discusses the effect of job control on worker health. Presents the theory of job control, considers its importance, and reviews recent research findings concerning the effects of job control (or lack of thereof) on worker health.
Robert D. Caplan,University of Michigan. Institute for Social Research
Author : Robert D. Caplan,University of Michigan. Institute for Social Research Publisher : Unknown Page : 364 pages File Size : 47,8 Mb Release : 1975 Category : Industrial hygiene ISBN : UCSC:32106007904532
Job Demands and Worker Health by Robert D. Caplan,University of Michigan. Institute for Social Research Pdf
Occupational health report on physiologycal and psychological aspects of mental stress in 23 different occupations in the USA - examines factors such as job satisfaction, boredom, behavioural characteristics and correlations with different types of illness such as cardiovascular disease, gastro-intestinal problems, ulcer and respiratory infections. Bibliography pp. 332 to 342, diagrams, questionnaires and statistical tables.
Unhealthy Work by Peter L. Schnall,Marnie Dobson,Ellen Rosskam,Ray H. Elling Pdf
Work, so fundamental to well-being, has its darker and more costly side. Work can adversely affect our health, well beyond the usual counts of injuries that we think of as 'occupational health'. The ways in which work is organized - its pace and intensity, degree of control over the work process, sense of justice, and employment security, among other things - can be as toxic to the health of workers as the chemicals in the air. These work characteristics can be detrimental not only to mental well-being but to physical health. Scientists refer to these features of work as 'hazards' of the 'psychosocial' work environment. One key pathway from the work environment to illness is through the mechanism of stress; thus we speak of 'stressors' in the work environment, or 'work stress'. This is in contrast to the popular psychological understandings of 'stress', which locate many of the problems with the individual rather than the environment. In this book we advance a social environmental understanding of the workplace and health. The book addresses this topic in three parts: the important changes taking place in the world of work in the context of the global economy (Part I); scientific findings on the effects of particular forms of work organization and work stressors on employees' health, 'unhealthy work' as a major public health problem, and estimates of costs to employers and society (Part II); and, case studies and various approaches to improve working conditions, prevent disease, and improve health (Part III).
Life Crises and Experiences of Loss in Adulthood by Leo Montada,Sigrun-Heide Filipp,Melvin J. Lerner Pdf
A result of a conference at the University of Trier, Germany, this volume mirrors its goals: * to provide an overview of recent advances in research on critical life events and the losses associated with them * to collect and stimulate new perspectives for the analysis of these events * to compare the psychology of victims experiencing stress and losses with the psychology of observers in their reactions to victims. Designed to prevent developmental psychological myths in the area of life crises, this collection questions, on an empirical basis, the adequacy of several widespread generalizations. At the same time its contributors attempt to draw paths to conceptualizations and theories in general psychology and social psychology which promise to be helpful in analyzing and interpreting phenomena in the field of life crises.
Author : David S. Gochman Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media Page : 548 pages File Size : 50,8 Mb Release : 1997-08-31 Category : Medical ISBN : 0306454432
Handbook of Health Behavior Research I by David S. Gochman Pdf
The primary objective of this Handbook is to provide statements about health behaviour research as a basic body of knowledge moving into the 21st century. It is expected that the Handbook will remain in use and current through 2005, at least. The Handbook presents a broad and representative selection of mid-1990s health behaviour findings and concepts in a single work. While texts and books of readings are available in related areas, such as health psychology, medical anthropology, medical sociology, behavioural health, behavioural risk factors, and changing health behaviours, none of these works was intended to address basic research-generated knowledge of health behaviour, and none was intended to transcend individual disciplines. Accordingly, none of these works presents a broad and representative spectrum of basic health behaviour research reflecting multidisciplinary activities. One work with a title identical to this one but for one word, the Handbook of Health Behaviour Change (Shumaker et al., 1990), deals almost exclusively with applications. This Handbook thus presents the reader with the "state of the art" in health behaviour research, something not found elsewhere.
Tom Cox,Amanda Griffiths,Eusebio Rial-González,European Agency for Safety and Health at Work
Author : Tom Cox,Amanda Griffiths,Eusebio Rial-González,European Agency for Safety and Health at Work Publisher : Unknown Page : 176 pages File Size : 41,6 Mb Release : 2000 Category : Self-Help ISBN : UVA:X004457077
Research on Work-related Stress by Tom Cox,Amanda Griffiths,Eusebio Rial-González,European Agency for Safety and Health at Work Pdf
Stress at work is a priority issue of the European Agency of Safety and Health at Work. The report addresses the following issues and questions: the nature of stress at work; stress management strategies; does work stress affect health and well-being and, if so, how?; the implications of existing research for the management of work-related stress. This report examines the difficulties involved in placing work stress in the context of other life stress factors. It is stated that work stress is a current and future health and safety issue, and, as such, should be dealt with in the same logical and systematic way as other health and safety issues.
Handbook of Stress Medicine and Health, Second Edition by Cary Cooper Pdf
Research now shows us that long-term activation of the stress cycle can have a hazardous, even lethal, effect on the body, increasing the risk of obesity, heart disease, depression, cancer, and other illnesses. This new edition of an award-winning book presents cutting-edge research on the effects of stress. Edited by one of the world’s authorities in stress management, occupational psychology, and occupational medicine, Handbook of Stress Medicine and Health, Second Edition offers a completely revised and updated look at the different types of stress, including their characteristics, symptoms, duration, and treatment approaches. The text proposes a generic theory on stress and health and explores the relationship of stress to a variety of health outcomes, including heart disease, cancer, mental health, burnout, and complications of the endocrine and immune systems. It addresses the link between stress and personality, and discusses the impact of social support on various health conditions. The final chapters deal with stress and its consequences, such as the emotional processing of traumatic events, dealing with stress in families and in chronic disease, and coping with stress in the workplace. With contributions from the foremost leaders in the field, this authoritative book evaluates a wide range of psychosocial factors that contribute to many of today’s major illnesses. It also proposes strategies for prevention and management, which will hopefully encourage future research into the reduction of stress.
Author : International Labour Office Publisher : International Labour Organization Page : 896 pages File Size : 52,9 Mb Release : 1998 Category : Business & Economics ISBN : 9221092038
Encyclopaedia of Occupational Health and Safety by International Labour Office Pdf
Intended as a resource for those who have responsibilities to safeguard workers' health and safety, especially in developing countries. Covers the fields of toxicology, occupational hygiene, occupational cancer, occupational diseases of agricultural workers, occupational safety, psycho- social problems and institutions and organizations active in the field of occupational health and safety.
Review of Psychological and Social Factors at Work and Suggestions for the General Nordic Questionnaire by Kari Lindström Pdf
This is the second report from the Nordic Council of Ministers’ project concerning psychological and social factors at work. The project has developed a new general Nordic questionnaire (QPSNordic) to be used as a tool in various research and organisational intervention projects. This report describes the conceptual and theoretical background of factors selected for coverage by the Nordic questionnaire. The main principles in selecting the factors have been their relevance and importance with respect to work, health and well-being. The preliminary draft of the QPSNordic is included in this report, as an appendix. Application of the QPSNordic as an instrument in the organisational development method known as survey-feedback is described in this report.
Ergonomic Design for Organizational Effectiveness by Michael J. O'Neill Pdf
Creating alignment between the office environment, and the business objectives and mission of the organization, this new book provides a framework for the manager to develop strategies and tactics to leverage the work environment as a tool to enhance organizational effectiveness. Drawing from the author's own published research, consulting work, and previously unpublished case studies, each section addresses current research findings that build upon a new framework for thinking about work and the work environment. Ergonomic Design for Organizational Effectiveness grapples with problems such as:
Healthy Work by Namir Khan,Nina Nakajima,Willem H. Vanderburg Pdf
This reference provides an overview of relevant literature to engineers, managers, accountants, occupational health and safety specialists, and industrial hygienists, so that they, and other professionals, can understand what has caused our workplaces to become primary sources of physical and mental illness.
"Contemporary ways of working are not working, even for professionals and managers in what used to be considered "good" jobs. Companies are responding to global competition and pressure from financial markets by adopting management practices and staffing strategies that push workers to do more and more with less and less. New technologies facilitate always-on availability, normalizing 24/7 job expectations. This new intensity spawns chronic stress in the form of overload - feelings of too much to do and too little time to do it. Kelly and Moen argue this way of working is both unhealthy and unsustainable. Employees burn out, quit, or lack the time or energy to bring their best contributions to their jobs. Organizations lose out along with individuals, families, and communities. This book moves beyond familiar tropes about 'work-life balance' to argue that the problem lies not in the effort to 'balance' but in the very nature of contemporary work. Overload harms workers of all genders, ages, and life stages as well as the bottom lines of corporations. What can be done? Kelly and Moen draw on five years of research, including a major field experiment, in a Fortune 500 firm to describe a new approach to making work more sane and sustainable. The initiative, called STAR, prompts imaginative yet feasible changes (or work redesigns) that improve employees' health, wellbeing, and ability to manage both their personal and their work lives. They find the firm also benefits through increased job satisfaction and reduced turnover"
Work and Mental Health in Social Context by Mark Tausig,Rudy Fenwick Pdf
Anyone who has ever had a job has probably experienced work-related stress at some point or another. For many workers, however, job-related stress is experienced every day and reaches more extreme levels. Four in ten American workers say that their jobs are “very” or “extremely” stressful. Job stress is recognized as an epidemic in the workplace, and its economic and health care costs are staggering: by some estimates over $ 1 billion per year in lost productivity, absenteeism and worker turnover, and at least that much in treating its health effects, ranging from anxiety and psychological depression to cardiovascular disease and hypertension. Why are so many American workers so stressed out by their jobs? Many psychologists say stress is the result of a mismatch between the characteristics of a job and the personality of the worker. Many management consultants propose reducing stress by “redesigning” jobs and developing better individual strategies for “coping” with their stress. But, these explanations are not the whole story. They don’t explain why some jobs and some occupations are more stressful than other jobs and occupations, regardless of the personalities and “coping strategies” of individual workers. Why do auto assembly line workers and air traffic controllers report more job stress than university professors, self-employed business owners, or corporate managers (yes, managers!)? The authors of Work and Mental Health in Social Context take a different approach to understanding the causes of job stress. Job stress is systematically created by the characteristics of the jobs themselves: by the workers’ occupation, the organizations in which they work, their placements in different labor markets, and by broader social, economic and institutional structures, processes and events. And disparities in job stress are systematically determined in much the same way as are other disparities in health, income, and mobility opportunities. In taking this approach, the authors draw on the observations and insights from a diverse field of sociological and economic theories and research. These go back to the nineteenth century writings of Marx, Weber and Durkheim on the relationship between work and well-being. They also include the more contemporary work in organizational sociology, structural labor market research from sociology and economics, research on unemployment and economic cycles, and research on institutional environments. This has allowed the authors to develop a unified framework that extends sociological models of income inequality and “status” attainment (or allocation) to the explanation of non-economic, health-related outcomes of work. Using a multi-level structural model, this timely and comprehensive volume explores what is stressful about work, and why; specifically address these and questions and more: -What characteristics of jobs are the most stressful; what characteristics reduce stress? -Why do work organizations structure some jobs to be highly stressful and some jobs to be much less stressful? Is work in a bureaucracy really more stressful? -How is occupational “status” occupational “power” and “authority” related to the stressfulness of work? -How does the “segmentation” of labor markets by occupation, industry, race, gender, and citizenship maintain disparities in job stress? - Why is unemployment stressful to workers who don’t lose their jobs? -How do public policies on employment status, collective bargaining, overtime affect job stress? -Is work in the current “Post (neo) Fordist” era of work more or less stressful than work during the “Fordist” era? In addition to providing a new way to understand the sociological causes of job stress and mental health, the model that the authors provide has broad applications to further study of this important area of research. This volume will be of key interest to sociologists and other researchers studying social stratification, public health, political economy, institutional and organizational theory.
Social Determinants of Health and Health Disparities by Paula Braveman Pdf
"If you ask most people what influences health, almost invariably the first reply will be health care-the services that individuals receive from physicians, nurses, and other medical professionals to treat or prevent illness, also called medical care. Many people, in fact, presume the role of health care (medical care) in affecting health to be so predominant that they often use the terms health and health care interchangeably. Many people would probably also cite behaviors such as diet, exercise, smoking, and use of alcohol or drugs as key influences on health. While ample evidence supports the importance of both health care and behaviors for health, a compelling body of scientific knowledge now calls for a wider and deeper set of explanations for why some of us experience good health and others do not. This body of knowledge challenges us to think beyond common assumptions about the key causes of health and illness, to ask not only "What influences health?" but also "What factors shape those influences?" i.e., "What influences the influences?" This knowledge tells us that, to achieve real and lasting improvements in health, we must shift the focus to identifying and addressing the root or fundamental causes(Link and Phelan 1995)-the underlying factors that set in motion other factors that may be more easily observed but play a less fundamental role in shaping health. Ethical concerns, furthermore, require us to focus not only on a population's overall or average health, but also on health equity-whether everyone has a fair and just opportunity to be as healthy as possible, which includes whether the resources, opportunities, and conditions required for good health are distributed equitably within the population"--
