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Learning Dynamic Spatial Relations by Andreas Bihlmaier Pdf
Andreas Bihlmaier describes a novel method to model dynamic spatial relations by machine learning techniques. The method is applied to the task of representing the tacit knowledge of a trained camera assistant in minimally-invasive surgery. The model is then used for intraoperative control of a robot that autonomously positions the endoscope. Furthermore, a modular robotics platform is described, which forms the basis for this knowledge-based assistance system. Promising results from a complex phantom study are presented.
Learning from Dynamic Visualization by Richard Lowe,Rolf Ploetzner Pdf
This volume tackles issues arising from today’s high reliance on learning from visualizations in general and dynamic visualizations in particular at all levels of education. It reflects recent changes in educational practice through which text no longer occupies its traditionally dominant role as the prime means of presenting to-be-learned information to learners. Specifically, the book targets the dynamic visual components of multimedia educational resources and singles out how they can influence learning in their own right. It aims to help bridge the increasing gap between pervasive adoption of dynamic visualizations in educational practice and our limited understanding of the role that these representations can play in learning. The volume has recruited international leaders in the field to provide diverse perspectives on the dynamic visualizations and learning. It is the first comprehensive book on the topic that brings together contributions from both renowned researchers and expert practitioners. Rather than aiming to present a broad general overview of the field, it focuses on innovative work that is at the cutting edge. As well as further developing and complementing existing approaches, the contributions emphasize fresh ideas that may challenge existing orthodoxies and point towards future directions for the field. They seek to stimulate further new developments in the design and use of dynamic visualizations for learning as well as the rigorous, systematic investigation of their educational effectiveness.the volume="" sheds="" light="" on="" the="" complex="" and="" highly="" demanding="" processes="" of="" conceptualizing,="" developing="" implementing="" dynamic="" visualizations="" in="" practice="" as="" well="" challenges="" relating="" research="" application="" perspectives.
Informal STEM Learning at Home and in Community Spaces by Bradley Morris,Brenna Hassinger-Das,Rachael Todaro,Jennifer DeWitt Pdf
Children in Western countries spend only about 20% of their waking time in school (Meltzoff et al., 2009). Leveraging the 80% of time that they spend outside of school can provide children with opportunities to engage in meaningful, authentic STEM learning experiences with family members, other caregivers, and children. STEM learning and readiness go beyond acquiring content knowledge to include interest, engagement, and motivation for STEM learning as well as the formation of a STEM identity. To date, there has been a dearth of research focusing on children’s informal STEM experiences when compared to formal, school-based STEM learning experiences. This Research Topic focuses attention on the authentic, everyday experiences of children and how these experiences provide opportunities for STEM learning, engagement, and identity. In addition, these papers will explore how these everyday experiences can be leveraged and augmented to promote STEM learning and engagement through culturally-relevant design and implementation.
Representing Space in Cognition by Thora Tenbrink,Jan M. Wiener,Christophe Claramunt Pdf
This book considers how people talk about their environment, find their way in new surroundings, and plan routes. Part I explores the empirical insights gained from research in the cognitive underpinnings of spatial representation in language. Part II proposes solutions for capturing such insights formally, and in Part III authors discuss how theory is put into practice through spatial assistance systems. These three perspectives stem from research disciplines which deal with the spatial domain in different ways, and which often remain separate. In this book they are combined so as to highlight both the state of the art in the field and the benefit of building bridges between methodologies and disciplines. Finding our way and planning routes is relevant to us all; this book ultimately helps improve our everyday lives.
Author : Barbara Pfeiler Publisher : Walter de Gruyter Page : 221 pages File Size : 49,5 Mb Release : 2011-12-22 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines ISBN : 9783110923148
Learning Indigenous Languages: Child Language Acquisition in Mesoamerica by Barbara Pfeiler Pdf
This book includes six studies on the acquisition of single Mesoamerican indigenous languages, (Huichol, Zapotec, and the Mayan languages Ch'ol, Tzeltal, K'iche', and Yukatek); and a crosslinguistic study of five Mayan languages (K'anjob'al, K'iche', Tzeltal, Tzotzil, and Yukatek). Three topics are theoretically and methodologically discussed and empirically demonstrated: with respect to ergativity, the ergative-absolutive cross-referencing pattern on the morphological level, noun-verb distinction and the acquisition of body-part locatives in the early lexicon, and the role of semantic properties and cultural context in language acquisition and socialization. This book makes important claims regarding the methodology of cross-linguistic studies as well as the results of these studies and the comparative method used in the book (structural and discursive factors in language acquisition, cross-linguistic relationships and variation).
Behavioral and Neural Genetics of Zebrafish by Robert T. Gerlai Pdf
Behavioral and Neural Genetics of Zebrafish assembles the state-of-the-art methodologies and current concepts pertinent to their neurobehavioral genetics. Discussing their natural behavior, motor function, learning and memory, this book focuses on the fry and adult zebrafish, featuring a comprehensive account of modern genetic and neural methods adapted to, or specifically developed for, Danio rerio. Numerous examples of how these behavioral methods may be utilized for disease models using the zebrafish are presented, as is a section on bioinformatics and "big-data" related questions. Provides the most comprehensive snapshot of the fast-evolving zebrafish neurobehavior genetics field Describes behavioral, genetic and neural methods and concepts for use in adult and larval zebrafish Features examples of zebrafish models of human central nervous system disorders Discusses bioinformatics questions pertinent to zebrafish neurobehavioral genetics
Spatial Cognition VI. Learning, Reasoning, and Talking about Space by Christian Freksa,Nora S. Newcombe,Peter Gärdenfors,Stefan Wölfl Pdf
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Conference on Spatial Cognition, Spatial Cognition 2008, held in Freiburg, Germany, in September 2008. The 27 revised full papers presented together with 3 invited lectures were carefully reviewed and selected from 54 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on spatial orientation, spatial navigation, spatial learning, maps and modalities, spatial communication, spatial language, similarity and abstraction, concepts and reference frames, as well as spatial modeling and spatial reasoning.
Author : Colleen Crangle,Patrick Suppes Publisher : Center for the Study of Language (CSLI) Page : 308 pages File Size : 54,7 Mb Release : 1994 Category : Computers ISBN : 1881526194
Language and Learning for Robots by Colleen Crangle,Patrick Suppes Pdf
Robot technology will find wide-scale use only when a robotic device can be given commands and taught new tasks in a natural language. How could a robot understand instructions expressed in English? How could a robot learn from instructions? Crangle and Suppes begin to answer these questions through a theoretical approach to language and learning for robots, and by experimental work with robots. The authors develop the notion of an instructable robot - one which derives its intelligence in part from interaction with humans. Since verbal interaction with a robot requires a natural language semantics, the authors propose a natural-model semantics which they then apply to the interpretation of robot commands. Two experimental projects are described which provide natural-language interfaces to robotic aids for the physically disabled.
Re-Shaping Learning: A Critical Reader by Anne Boddington,Jos Boys Pdf
Learning Spaces is an emerging field, fuelled by a growing interest in the relationships between learning and spaces in which it takes place, whether conceptual, personal, social, physical and/or virtual. It is concerned with making learning spaces that can better meet the needs of 21st century learners, academics and other related publics. In post-compulsory education this has opened up many interesting and important issues. There remains a lack of any theoretical understanding as to how such spaces should be conceived or designed; and hardly any critical discussion about effective frameworks for either the development of contemporary learning spaces or for assessing their impact on learning, teaching and research. At the same time, there is much debate about what the purposes of post-compulsory education should be, as well as concerns about where and by whom it should be provided. We therefore need to urgently improve our understanding of the interactions between learning and space. It is essential that we not only share perspectives, theories and methodologies but also critically reflect on our own different assumptions, and work together to build better models for post-compulsory education in the future. To help in this process this book is designed as a ‘critical reader’ that can enable researchers, academics, students and managers involved in Learning Spaces to share and engage with some key ideas, issues and texts. A central aim is to bring together some of the best research from across the many different disciplines concerned with learning spaces, including education, architecture, anthropology, human-computer interaction, estate planning and museum studies. Reshaping Learning is thus intended for anyone interested in, and wanting to think more about, learning spaces whether as users, clients or managers; or who are want to better understand interactions between the social and the spatial.
Handbook of Linguistic Annotation by Nancy Ide,James Pustejovsky Pdf
This handbook offers a thorough treatment of the science of linguistic annotation. Leaders in the field guide the reader through the process of modeling, creating an annotation language, building a corpus and evaluating it for correctness. Essential reading for both computer scientists and linguistic researchers.Linguistic annotation is an increasingly important activity in the field of computational linguistics because of its critical role in the development of language models for natural language processing applications. Part one of this book covers all phases of the linguistic annotation process, from annotation scheme design and choice of representation format through both the manual and automatic annotation process, evaluation, and iterative improvement of annotation accuracy. The second part of the book includes case studies of annotation projects across the spectrum of linguistic annotation types, including morpho-syntactic tagging, syntactic analyses, a range of semantic analyses (semantic roles, named entities, sentiment and opinion), time and event and spatial analyses, and discourse level analyses including discourse structure, co-reference, etc. Each case study addresses the various phases and processes discussed in the chapters of part one.
Neural Information Processing by Mohammad Tanveer,Sonali Agarwal,Seiichi Ozawa,Asif Ekbal,Adam Jatowt Pdf
The three-volume set LNCS 13623, 13624, and 13625 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Neural Information Processing, ICONIP 2022, held as a virtual event, November 22–26, 2022. The 146 papers presented in the proceedings set were carefully reviewed and selected from 810 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Theory and Algorithms; Cognitive Neurosciences; Human Centered Computing; and Applications. The ICONIP conference aims to provide a leading international forum for researchers, scientists, and industry professionals who are working in neuroscience, neural networks, deep learning, and related fields to share their new ideas, progress, and achievements.
Spatial Cognition V by Thomas Barkowsky,Markus Knauff,Gérard Ligozat,Daniel R. Montello Pdf
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Conference on Spatial Cognition, Spatial Cognition 2006. It covers spatial reasoning, human-robot interaction, visuo-spatial reasoning and spatial dynamics, spatial concepts, human memory, mental reasoning and assistance, spatial concepts, human memory and mental reasoning, navigation, wayfinding and route instructions as well as linguistic and social issues in spatial knowledge processing.
National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Earth Sciences and Resources,Geographical Sciences Committee,Committee on Support for Thinking Spatially: The Incorporation of Geographic Information Science Across the K-12 Curriculum
Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Earth Sciences and Resources,Geographical Sciences Committee,Committee on Support for Thinking Spatially: The Incorporation of Geographic Information Science Across the K-12 Curriculum Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 333 pages File Size : 40,9 Mb Release : 2005-02-03 Category : Education ISBN : 9780309092081
Learning to Think Spatially by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Earth Sciences and Resources,Geographical Sciences Committee,Committee on Support for Thinking Spatially: The Incorporation of Geographic Information Science Across the K-12 Curriculum Pdf
Learning to Think Spatially examines how spatial thinking might be incorporated into existing standards-based instruction across the school curriculum. Spatial thinking must be recognized as a fundamental part of Kâ€"12 education and as an integrator and a facilitator for problem solving across the curriculum. With advances in computing technologies and the increasing availability of geospatial data, spatial thinking will play a significant role in the information-based economy of the twenty-first century. Using appropriately designed support systems tailored to the Kâ€"12 context, spatial thinking can be taught formally to all students. A geographic information system (GIS) offers one example of a high-technology support system that can enable students and teachers to practice and apply spatial thinking in many areas of the curriculum.
Modeling Complex Phenomena by Lui Lam,Vladimir Naroditsky Pdf
Once upon a time, science was not divided into disciplines as we know it today. There was no distinction between so-called social and natural sciences, not to mention the fragmentation of the latter into physics, chemistry, biology, geology, etc. According to legend, the scientists those days would do their research in whatever environment they happened to find comfortable, which more often than not was in bathtubs or giant hot tubs - remember Archimedes! Then, somehow, these days we find ourselves compartmentalized into different departments in our universities, or divisions in our research institutes. (We suspect, for one thing, that is to ensure that we will get our paychecks delivered on time at the end of each month. ) Anyway, as anyone who has worked in the real world knows: when one is confronted with a completely new problem or phenomenon, it is usually impossible to neatly assign the problem to physics, chemistry, or, for that matter, computer science. One needs to recall and fuse together the knowledge one learned before and, if that alone is insufficient, to consult experts in other areas. This points to the shortcomings of the compartmentalization of knowledge in our educational systems. In recent years, something has changed. Under the banner of Complex Systems, some brave souls are not afraid to tackle problems that are considered intractable by others, and dare to venture out of their trained disciplines or departments to which they are attached.
International Perspectives on the Design of Technology-supported Learning Environments by Stella Vosniadou,Erik De Corte,Robert Glaser,Heinz Mandl Pdf
In recent years, the use of technology for the purposes of improving and enriching traditional instructional practices has received a great deal of attention. However, few works have explicitly examined cognitive, psychological, and educational principles on which technology-supported learning environments are based. This volume attempts to cover the need for a thorough theoretical analysis and discussion of the principles of system design that underlie the construction of technology-enhanced learning environments. It presents examples of technology-supported learning environments that cover a broad range of content domains, from the physical sciences and mathematics to the teaching of language and literacy. The emphasis in this book is not on the design of educational software but on the design of learning environments. A great deal of research on learning and instruction has recently moved out of the laboratory into the design of applications in instructional settings. By designing technology-supported learning environments instructional scientists attempt to better understand the theories and principles that are explicit in their theories of learning. The contributors to this volume examine how factors such as social interaction, the creation of meaningful activities, the use of multiple perspectives, and the construction of concrete representations influence the acquisition of new information and transfer.