Linguistic Dimensions Of Crisis Talk

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Linguistic Dimensions of Crisis Talk

Claudia Sassen
Linguistic Dimensions of Crisis Talk Book PDF

Author : Claudia Sassen
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2005-08-31
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027294319

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Linguistic Dimensions of Crisis Talk by Claudia Sassen Pdf

This book offers an HPSG-based discourse grammar for a controlled language (Air Traffic Control) that allows the identification of well-formed discourse patterns. A formalisation of discourse theoretical structures that occur especially in crisis situations that involve potential aviation disasters is introduced. Of particular importance in this context are discourse sequences that help secure uptake among the crew and between crew and tower in order to coordinate actions that might result in avoiding a potential disaster. In order to describe the relevant phenomena, an extended HPSG formalism is used. The extension concerns the capability of modelling speech acts as proposed by Searle & Vanderveken (1985). The grammar is modelled by employing XML as a denotational semantics and is applied to the corpus data. This work thus lays the foundation for the automatic recognition of discourse structures in aviation communication.

Linguistic Dimensions of Crisis Talk

Claudia Sassen
Linguistic Dimensions of Crisis Talk Book PDF

Author : Claudia Sassen
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2005-01-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 902725379X

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Linguistic Dimensions of Crisis Talk by Claudia Sassen Pdf

This book offers an HPSG-based discourse grammar for a controlled language (Air Traffic Control) that allows the identification of well-formed discourse patterns. A formalisation of discourse theoretical structures that occur especially in crisis situations that involve potential aviation disasters is introduced. Of particular importance in this context are discourse sequences that help secure uptake among the crew and between crew and tower in order to coordinate actions that might result in avoiding a potential disaster. In order to describe the relevant phenomena, an extended HPSG formalism is used. The extension concerns the capability of modelling speech acts as proposed by Searle & Vanderveken (1985). The grammar is modelled by employing XML as a denotational semantics and is applied to the corpus data. This work thus lays the foundation for the automatic recognition of discourse structures in aviation communication.

Broadening the Horizon of Linguistic Politeness

Robin T. Lakoff,Sachiko Ide
Broadening the Horizon of Linguistic Politeness Book PDF

Author : Robin T. Lakoff,Sachiko Ide
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 358 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2005-10-27
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027294111

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Broadening the Horizon of Linguistic Politeness by Robin T. Lakoff,Sachiko Ide Pdf

This collection of 19 papers celebrates the coming of age of the field of politeness studies, now in its 30th year. It begins with an investigation of the meaning of politeness, especially linguistic politeness, and presents a short history of the field of linguistic politeness studies, showing how such studies go beyond the boundaries of conventional linguistic work, incorporating, as they do, non-language insights. The emphasis of the volume is on non-Western languages and the ways linguistic politeness is achieved with them. Many, if not most, studies have focused on Western languages, but the languages highlighted here show new and different aspects of the phenomena.The purpose of linguistic politeness is to aid in successful communication throughout the world, and this volume offers a balance of geographical distribution not found elsewhere, including Japanese, Thai, and Chinese, as well as Greek, Swedish and Spanish. It covers such theoretical topics as face, wakimae, social levels, gender-related differences in language usage, directness and indirectness, and intercultural perspectives.

The Japanese Sentence-Final Particles in Talk-in-Interaction

Hideki Saigo
The Japanese Sentence Final Particles in Talk in Interaction Book PDF

Author : Hideki Saigo
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2011-03-23
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027287076

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The Japanese Sentence-Final Particles in Talk-in-Interaction by Hideki Saigo Pdf

The Japanese sentence-final particles, ne, yo and yone have proved notoriously difficult to explain and are especially challenging for second language users. This book investigates the role of the particles in talk-in-interaction with the aim of providing a comprehensive understanding that accounts for their pragmatic properties and sequential functions and that provides a sound basis for second language pedagogy. This study starts by setting up an original particle function hypothesis based on the figure/ground gestalt, and then tests its validity empirically with unmarked, marked and native/non-native talk-in-interaction data. The analysis illustrates not only expectable but also unexpected or strategic use of particles, as well as the problems posed for native speakers by non-native speakers whose use of particles is idiosyncratic. The study demonstrates that the proposed hypothesis is capable of accounting for all the uses of particles in the extensive and varied data set examined. This book will be of interest to students and scholars in pragmatics and CA and to teachers of Japanese as a foreign language.

Linguistic Creativity in Japanese Discourse

Senko K. Maynard
Linguistic Creativity in Japanese Discourse Book PDF

Author : Senko K. Maynard
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9027254028

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Linguistic Creativity in Japanese Discourse by Senko K. Maynard Pdf

Using theoretical concepts of self, perspective, and voice as an interpretive guide, and based on the Place of Negotiation theory, this volume explores the phenomenon of linguistic creativity in Japanese discourse, i.e., the use of language in specific ways for foregrounding personalized expressive meanings. Personalized expressive meanings include psychological, emotive, interpersonal, and rhetorical aspects of communication, encompassing broad meanings such as feelings of intimacy or distance, emotion, empathy, humor, playfulness, persona, sense of self, identity, rhetorical effects, and so on. Nine analysis chapters explore the meanings, functions, and effects observable in the indices of linguistic creativity, focusing on discourse creativity (style mixture, borrowing others' styles, genre mixture), rhetorical creativity (puns, metaphors, metaphors in multimodal discourse), and grammatical creativity (negatives, demonstratives, first-person references). Based on the analysis of verbal and visual data drawn from multiple genres of contemporary cultural discourse, this work reveals that by creatively expressing in language we share our worlds from multiple perspectives, we speak in self's and others' many voices, and we endlessly create personalized expressive meanings as testimony to our own sense of being.

English Speech Rhythm

Elizabeth Couper-Kuhlen
English Speech Rhythm Book PDF

Author : Elizabeth Couper-Kuhlen
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 362 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 1993-04-21
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027285836

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English Speech Rhythm by Elizabeth Couper-Kuhlen Pdf

This monograph reconsiders the question of speech isochrony, the regular recurrence of (stressed) syllables in time, from an empirical point of view. It proposes a methodology for discovering isochrony auditorily in speech and for verifying it instrumentally in the acoustic laboratory. In a small-scale study of an English conversational extract, the gestalt-like rhythmic structures which isochrony creates are shown to have a hierarchical organization. Then in a large-scale study of a corpus of British and American radio phone-in programs and family table conversations, the function of speech rhythm at turn transitions is investigated. It is argued that speech rhythm serves as a metric for the timing of turn transitions in casual English conversation. The articular rhythmic configuration of a transition can be said to contextualize the next turn as, generally speaking, affiliative or disaffiliative with the prior turn. The empirical investigation suggests that speech rhythm patterns at turn transitions in everyday English conversation are not random occurrences or the result of a social-psychological adaptation process but are contextualization cues which figure systematically in the creation and interpretation of linguistic meaning in communication.

Talk and Practical Epistemology

Jack Sidnell
Talk and Practical Epistemology Book PDF

Author : Jack Sidnell
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2005-10-13
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789027294098

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Talk and Practical Epistemology by Jack Sidnell Pdf

Drawing on the methods of conversation analysis and ethnography, this book sets out to examine the epistemological practices of Indo-Guyanese villagers as these are revealed in their talk and daily conduct. Based on over eighty-five hours of conversation recorded during twelve months of ethnographic fieldwork, the book describes both the social distribution of knowledge and the villagers' methods for distinguishing between fact and fancy, knowledge and belief through close analyses of particular encounters. The various chapters consider uncertainty and expertise in advice-giving, the cultivation of ignorance in an attempt to avoid scandal, and the organization of peer groups through the display of knowledge in the activity of reminiscing local history. An orienting chapter on questions and an appendix provide an introduction to conversation analysis. The book makes a contribution to linguistic anthropology, conversation analysis and cross-cultural pragmatics. The conclusion discusses the implications of the analysis for current understanding of practice, knowledge and social organization in anthropology and neighboring disciplines.

Negotiation of Contingent Talk

Emi Morita
Negotiation of Contingent Talk Book PDF

Author : Emi Morita
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2005-08-25
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027294302

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Negotiation of Contingent Talk by Emi Morita Pdf

Observing naturally occurring talk-in-interaction in Japanese, this book examines how Japanese speakers segment their talk into relevant interactional units and use particles such as ne and sa to accomplish local pragmatic work. The study provides a conversation analytic, action-oriented account for the ubiquity of such particles in Japanese talk. The study argues that such particles are important resources for Japanese speakers to negotiate and fine-tune particular conversational contingencies within the emerging sequential environment of the talk. Various examples show that prospective alignment and the negotiability of conversational next action are ever-present issues for Japanese conversationalists and are handled at the precise moment of their relevance through interlocutors’ deployment of ne and sa. This study thus adds to the literature on Japanese conversational interaction a novel understanding of particle use in its synthesis of functional linguistics and conversation analysis.

Second Language Interaction

Salla Kurhila
Second Language Interaction Book PDF

Author : Salla Kurhila
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2006-05-03
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027293657

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Second Language Interaction by Salla Kurhila Pdf

Members of divergent societies are increasingly involved in interactional situations, both publicly and privately, where participants do not share linguistic resources. Second language conversations have become common everyday events in the globalized world, and an interest has evolved to determine how interaction is conducted and understanding achieved in such asymmetric conversations. This book describes how mutual intelligibility is established, checked and remedied in authentic interaction between first and second language speakers, both in institutional and everyday situations. The study is rooted in the interactional view on language, and it contributes to our knowledge on interactional practices, in particular in cases where some doubt exists about the level of intersubjectivity between the participants. It expands the traditional research agenda of conversation analysis that is based on the concepts of ‘membership’ and ‘members’ shared competences’. By showing in detail how speakers with restricted linguistic resources can interact successfully and achieve the (institutional) goals of interactions, this study also adds to our knowledge of the questions that are central in second language research, such as when and how the non-native speakers’ ‘linguistic output’ is modified by themselves or by the native speakers, or when the non-native speakers display uptake after these modifications.

The Interactional Organization of Academic Talk

Holger Limberg
The Interactional Organization of Academic Talk Book PDF

Author : Holger Limberg
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 417 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027256027

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The Interactional Organization of Academic Talk by Holger Limberg Pdf

This book provides interesting and critical insights into a common university practice, the academic office hour. Office hours are a discursive site for a variety of different issues, ranging from administrative matters to course-related and study-related concerns. The study offers both an ethnographic account of this speech event within the socio-cultural context of a German university as well as a more detailed analysis of the interactional organization of academic consultations. It draws on natural recordings of entire office hour interactions in order to show how participants actions at different stages of the talk organize and accomplish the consultation. The analytical focus is set on the sequential activities teachers and students engage in as they conduct a consultation. This includes, for instance, how participants open an office hour talk, how they establish an agenda, how they manage advice-giving, and how they close the consultation. As such, this book will be of practical use to students and faculty members as well as scholars from different disciplines who work in the areas of institutional talk and talk-in-interaction."

Features of Naturalness in Conversation

Martin Warren
Features of Naturalness in Conversation Book PDF

Author : Martin Warren
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 287 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2006-01-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027253958

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Features of Naturalness in Conversation by Martin Warren Pdf

The study describes a detailed and original piece of research work, investigating a very important genre of human communication, and that is conversation. It provides a definition of the genre of conversation by describing nine features of conversation, namely multiple sources, discourse coherence, language as doing, co-operation, unfolding, open-endedness, artifacts, inexplicitness and shared responsibility. These nine features of naturalness in conversation serve to distinguish conversation from specialized discourse types. The study illustrates the nine defining features of conversation with authentic conversational data collected surreptitiously in England. While this study is of native speakers of English, the nine defining features of naturalness of English conversation are applicable to conversations conducted in other languages.

Vocative Constructions in the Language of Shakespeare

Beatrix Busse
Vocative Constructions in the Language of Shakespeare Book PDF

Author : Beatrix Busse
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 544 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2006-01-01
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9789027253934

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Vocative Constructions in the Language of Shakespeare by Beatrix Busse Pdf

This study investigates the functions, meanings, and varieties of forms of address in Shakespeare s dramatic work. New categories of Shakespearean vocatives are developed and the grammar of vocatives is investigated in, above, and below the clause, following morpho-syntactic, semantic, lexicographical, pragmatic, social and contextual criteria. Going beyond the conventional paradigm of power and solidarity and with recourse to Shakespearean drama as both text and performance, the study sees vocatives as foregrounded experiential, interpersonal and textual markers. Shakespeare s vocatives construe, both quantitatively and qualitatively, habitus and identity. They illustrate relationships or messages. They reflect Early Modern, Shakespearean, and intra- or inter-textual contexts. Theoretically and methodologically, the study is interdisciplinary. It draws on approaches from (historical) pragmatics, stylistics, Hallidayean grammar, corpus linguistics, cognitive linguistics, socio-historical linguistics, sociology, and theatre semiotics. This study contributes, thus, not only to Shakespeare studies, but also to literary linguistics and literary criticism.

The Dynamics of Language Use

Christopher Butler,María A. Gómez-González,Susana María Doval Suárez
The Dynamics of Language Use Book PDF

Author : Christopher Butler,María A. Gómez-González,Susana María Doval Suárez
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 440 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2005-01-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9027253838

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The Dynamics of Language Use by Christopher Butler,María A. Gómez-González,Susana María Doval Suárez Pdf

This book brings together a collection of articles characterized by two main themes: the contrastive study of parallel phenomena in two or more languages, and an essentially functional approach in which language is regarded, first and foremost, as a rich and complex communication system, inextricably embedded in sociocultural and psychological contexts of use. The majority of the studies reported are empirical in nature, many making use of corpora or other textual materials in the language(s) under investigation. The book begins with an introductory section in which the editors provide surveys of the state of the art in both functional and contrastive linguistics. The other five sections of the volume are devoted to (i) a cognitive perspective on form and function, (ii) information structure, (iii) collocations and formulaic language, (iv) language learning, and (v) discourse and culture.

New Adventures in Language and Interaction

Jürgen Streeck
New Adventures in Language and Interaction Book PDF

Author : Jürgen Streeck
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027256003

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New Adventures in Language and Interaction by Jürgen Streeck Pdf

In this book sixteen international scholars of language and social interaction describe their distinct frameworks of analysis. Taking conversation analysis and interactional sociolinguistics as their points of departure and investigating ordinary conversation as well as institutions such as health care, therapy, and city council meetings, they often incorporate gesture, prosody, and the listener's behavior in the analysis of talk. While some approaches are grounded in a critique of the major schools of interaction analysis, others integrate the interactionist perspective with ideas from fields such as systemic-functional linguistics, distributed cognition, and the sociology of knowledge. Each chapter combines a statement of the terms and methods of analysis with an exemplary analysis of a moment of interaction. "New Adventures in Language and Interaction" gives an excellent overview of the novelty and diversity of interaction-focused perspectives on language and of the heterogeneity of approaches that have evolved from the pioneering work of Sacks and Schegloff, Gumperz, and their co-workers.

Speech Acts in the History of English

Andreas H. Jucker,Irma Taavitsainen
Speech Acts in the History of English Book PDF

Author : Andreas H. Jucker,Irma Taavitsainen
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 334 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2008-04-10
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027291417

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Speech Acts in the History of English by Andreas H. Jucker,Irma Taavitsainen Pdf

Did earlier speakers of English use the same speech acts that we use today? Did they use them in the same way? How did they signal speech act values and how did they negotiate them in case of uncertainty? These are some of the questions that are addressed in this volume in innovative case studies that cover a wide range of speech acts from Old English to Present-day English. All the studies offer careful discussions of methodological and theoretical issues as well as detailed descriptions of specific speech acts. The first part of the volume is devoted to directives and commissives, i.e. speech acts such as requests, commands and promises. The second part is devoted to expressives and assertives and deals with speech acts such as greetings, compliments and apologies. The third part, finally, contains technical reports that deal primarily with the problem of extracting speech acts from historical corpora.