Living Martyrs In Late Antiquity And Beyond

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Living Martyrs in Late Antiquity and Beyond

Diane Shane Fruchtman
Living Martyrs in Late Antiquity and Beyond Book PDF

Author : Diane Shane Fruchtman
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 307 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2023-02-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000630916

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Living Martyrs in Late Antiquity and Beyond by Diane Shane Fruchtman Pdf

This book demonstrates that living martyrdom was an important spiritual aspiration in the late antique Latin west and argues that, consequently, attempts to define, study, or locate martyrdom must move away from conceptualizations that require or center on death. After an introduction that traces the persistence of "living martyrs" as real objects of spiritual devotion and emulation across the span of Christian history and discusses why such martyrs have been overlooked, the book focuses on three significant authors from the late ancient Latin west for whom martyrdom did not require death: the Spanish poet Prudentius (c. 348–413), the senator-turned-ascetic Paulinus of Nola (353–431), and the influential North African bishop Augustine of Hippo (354–430). Through historically and literarily contextualized close readings of their work, this book shows that each of these three authors attempted to create a new paradigm of martyrdom focused on living, rather than dying, for God. By focusing on these living martyrs, we are able to see more clearly the aspirations and agendas of those who promoted them as martyrs and how their martyrological discourse illuminates the variety of ways that martyrdom is and can be mobilized (in any era) to construct new, community-creating worldviews. Living Martyrs in Late Antiquity and Beyond is an important resource for historians of Christianity, scholars of religious studies, and anyone interested in exploring or understanding martyrological discourse. The Introduction of this book is available for free in PDF format as Open Access from the individual product page at www.routledge.com. It has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

Living Martyrs in Late Antiquity and Beyond

Diane Shane Fruchtman
Living Martyrs in Late Antiquity and Beyond Book PDF

Author : Diane Shane Fruchtman
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2023
Category : Christian literature, Early
ISBN : 1032263253

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Living Martyrs in Late Antiquity and Beyond by Diane Shane Fruchtman Pdf

"This book demonstrates that living martyrdom was an important spiritual aspiration in the late antique Latin west, and argues that, consequently, attempts to define, study, or locate martyrdom must move away from conceptualizations that require or center on death. After an introduction that traces the persistence of "living martyrs" as real objects of spiritual devotion and emulation across the span of Christian history and discusses why such martyrs have been overlooked, the book focuses on three significant authors from the late ancient Latin west for whom martyrdom did not require death: the Spanish poet Prudentius (c. 348-413), the senator-turned-ascetic Paulinus of Nola (353-431), and the influential North African bishop Augustine of Hippo (354-430). Through historically and literarily contextualized close readings of their work, this book shows that each of these three authors attempted to create a new paradigm of martyrdom focused on living, rather than dying, for God. By focusing on these living martyrs we are able to see more clearly the aspirations and agendas of those who promoted them as martyrs, and how their martyrological discourse illuminates the variety of ways that martyrdom is and can be mobilized (in any era) to construct new, community-creating worldviews. Living Martyrs in Late Antiquity is an important resource for historians of Christianity, scholars of religious studies, and anyone interested in exploring or understanding martyrological discourse"--

Christian Martyrdom in Late Antiquity (300-450 AD)

Peter Gemeinhardt,Johan Leemans
Christian Martyrdom in Late Antiquity 300 450 AD Book PDF

Author : Peter Gemeinhardt,Johan Leemans
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2012-07-04
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9783110263527

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Christian Martyrdom in Late Antiquity (300-450 AD) by Peter Gemeinhardt,Johan Leemans Pdf

The present volume’s focus lies on the formation of a multifaccetted discourse on Christian martyrdom in Late Antiquity. While martyrdom accounts remain a central means of defining Christian identity, new literary genres emerge, e.g., the Lives of Saints (Athanasius on Antony), sermons (the Cappadocians), hynms (Prudentius) and more. Authors like Eusebius of Caesarea and Augustine employ martyrological language and motifs in their apologetical and polemic writings, while the Gesta Martyrum Romanorum represent a new type of veneration of the martyrs of a single site. Beyond the borders of the Roman Empire, new martyrs’ narratives can be found. Additionally, two essays deal with methodological questions of research of such sources, thereby highlighting the hitherto understudied innovations of martyrology in Late Antiquity, that is, after the end of the persecutions of Christianity by Roman Emperors. Since then, martyrology gained new importance for the formation of Christian identity within the context of a Christianized imperium. The volume thus enlarges and specifies our knowledge of this fundamental Christian discourse.

Making Martyrs in Late Antiquity

Lucy Grig
Making Martyrs in Late Antiquity Book PDF

Author : Lucy Grig
Publisher : Bristol Classical Press
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2004-12-24
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015059235922

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Making Martyrs in Late Antiquity by Lucy Grig Pdf

Making Martyrs focuses on both artistic and textual representations to investigate the making of martyrs in the fourth- and fifth-century Latin West. It shows that this 'making' of martyrs played a crucial role in the process of Christianisation during the post-Constantinian period. The writings of some of the most important figures in late antique Christianity - Augustine, Ambrose and Jerome - are considered, along with a number of anonymous, marginal and marginalised texts. The book covers such major subjects as the history of martyrdom and martyr texts and the role of images and relics in cult and representation. It also examines a number of key themes including the role of spectacle in martyr representation, the importance of suffering in the construction of Christian identity, and the interaction of text and image in the process of representation. Between the chapters proper are 'inserts' focusing on individual martyrs (such as the African martyr bishop Cyprian, and the virgin martyr par excellence, Agnes).These sections provide close readings of the textual and material testimony, and show how politics (textual, sexual and ecclesiastical) were bound up in the making of martyrs. The power of the martyrs in Late Antiquity, and beyond, is clearly demonstrated.

The Era of the Martyrs

Aaltje Hidding
The Era of the Martyrs Book PDF

Author : Aaltje Hidding
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 235 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2020-08-24
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9783110689686

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The Era of the Martyrs by Aaltje Hidding Pdf

One of the most traumatic experiences of Late Antique Christians was the Great Persecution, begun by Emperor Diocletian and his Tetrarchic colleagues in 303 CE. Here Aaltje Hidding unites research of traditional memory studies with work done by cognitive scientists to examine how they remembered the Persecution. The resulting methodological framework, the ‘cognitive ecology’, systemically studies all what can be covered by this term - social surroundings, cognitive artefacts and the physical environment - and bridges the gap between individual and collective memory. The author analyses the remembrance of the Persecution in three different regions along the Nile river. In Oxyrhynchus, the thousands of papyrus fragments found at the city’s rubbish dump give a vivid image of the martyrs in the daily lives of the Oxyrhynchites. In Antinoopolis, known for the cult of the physician saint Colluthus, she zooms in on the rituals and practices at a martyr’s sanctuary. Finally, in Dandara, the rich hagiographical dossier of the anchorite Paphnutius shows how old memories of the Persecution became mixed with new monastic experiences. The Bohairic and Greek Passion of Paphnutius appear in their first complete English translations.

The Third Lung: New Trajectories in Syriac Studies

Anonim
The Third Lung New Trajectories in Syriac Studies Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 429 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2023-08-21
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9789004537897

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The Third Lung: New Trajectories in Syriac Studies by Anonim Pdf

No one mentions Syriac, – a dialect of the Aramaic language Jesus spoke –, without referring to Sebastian P. Brock, the Oxford scholar and teacher who has written and taught about everything Syriac, even reorienting the field as The Third Lung of early Christianity (along with Greek and Latin). In 2018, Syriac scholars world-wide gathered in Sigtuna, Sweden, to celebrate with Sebastian his accomplishments and share new directions. Through essays showing what Syriac studies have attained, where they are going, as well as some arenas and connections previously not imagined, flavors of the fruits of laboring in the field are offered. Contributors to this volume are: Susan Ashbrook Harvey, Shraga Bick, Briouria Bitton-Ashkelony, Alberto Camplani, Thomas A. Carlson, Jeff W. Childers, Muriel Debié, Terry Falla, George A. Kiraz, Sergey Minov, Craig E. Morrison, István Perczel, Anton Pritula, Ilaria Ramelli, Christine Shepardson, Stephen J. Shoemaker, Herman G.B. Teule, Kathleen E. McVey.

Christian Martyrdom in Late Antiquity (300-450 Ad)

Peter Gemeinhardt,Johan Leemans
Christian Martyrdom in Late Antiquity 300 450 Ad Book PDF

Author : Peter Gemeinhardt,Johan Leemans
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 259 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2012-06-15
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3119163856

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Christian Martyrdom in Late Antiquity (300-450 Ad) by Peter Gemeinhardt,Johan Leemans Pdf

The present volumeOCOs focus lies on the formation of a multifaceted discourse on Christian martyrdom in Late Antiquity. While martyrdom accounts remain a central means of defining Christian identity, new literary genres emerge, e.g., the Lives of Saints (Athanasius on Antony), sermons (the Cappadocians), hymns (Prudentius). Authors like Eusebius of Caesarea and Augustine employ martyrological language and motifs in their writings, while beyond the borders of the Roman Empire, new martyrsOCO narratives can be found. The volume thus enlarges and specifies our knowledge of this important Christian discourse."

The Visual Rhetoric of the Married Laity in Late Antiquity

Mark D. Ellison
The Visual Rhetoric of the Married Laity in Late Antiquity Book PDF

Author : Mark D. Ellison
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 377 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2023-12-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9781003832324

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The Visual Rhetoric of the Married Laity in Late Antiquity by Mark D. Ellison Pdf

This study examines third- and fourth-century portraits of married Christians and associated images, reading them as visual rhetoric in early Christian conversations about marriage and celibacy, and recovering lay perspectives underrepresented or missing in literary sources. Historians of early Christianity have grown increasingly aware that written sources display an enthusiasm for asceticism and sexual renunciation that was far from representative of the lives of most early Christians. Often called a “silent majority,” the married laity in fact left behind a significant body of work in the material record. Particularly in and around Rome, they commissioned and used such objects as sarcophagi, paintings, glass vessels, finger rings, luxury silver, other jewellery items, gems, and seals that bore their portraits and other iconographic forms of self-representation. This study is the first to undertake a sustained exploration of these material sources in the context of early Christian discourses and practices related to marriage, sexuality, and celibacy. Reading this visual evidence increases understanding of the population who created it, the religious commitments they asserted, and the comparatively moderate forms of piety they set forth as meritorious alternatives to the ascetic ideal. In their visual rhetoric, these artifacts and images comprise additional voices in Late Antique conversations about idealized ways of Christian life, and ultimately provide a fuller picture of the early Christian world. Plentifully illustrated with photographs and drawings, this volume provides readers access to primary material evidence. Such evidence, like textual sources, require critical interpretation; this study sets forth a careful methodology for iconographic analysis and applies it to identify the potential intentions of patrons and artists and the perceptions of viewers. It compares iconography to literary sources and ritual practices as part of the interpretive process, clarifying the ways images had a rhetorical edge and contributed to larger conversations. Accessibly written, The Visual Rhetoric of the Married Laity in Late Antiquity is of interest to students and scholars working on Late Antiquity, early Christian and late Roman social history, marriage and celibacy in early Christianity, and early Christian, Roman, and Byzantine art.

The Passion of Perpetua and Felicitas in Late Antiquity

Anonim
The Passion of Perpetua and Felicitas in Late Antiquity Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 379 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2021-03-10
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780520976498

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The Passion of Perpetua and Felicitas in Late Antiquity by Anonim Pdf

This volume gathers all available evidence for the martyrdoms of Perpetua and Felicitas, two Christian women who became, in the centuries after their deaths in 203 CE, revered throughout the Roman world. Whereas they are now known primarily through a popular third-century account, numerous lesser known texts attest to the profound place they held in the lives of Christians in late antiquity. This book brings together narratives in their original languages with accompanying English translations, including many related entries from calendars, martyrologies, sacramentaries, and chronicles, as well as artistic representations and inscriptions. As a whole, the collection offers readers a robust view of the veneration of Perpetua and Felicitas over the course of six centuries, examining the diverse ways that a third-century Latin tradition was appreciated, appropriated, and transformed as it circulated throughout the late antique world.

The Making of Syriac Jerusalem

Catalin-Stefan Popa
The Making of Syriac Jerusalem Book PDF

Author : Catalin-Stefan Popa
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2023-05-31
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781000877465

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The Making of Syriac Jerusalem by Catalin-Stefan Popa Pdf

This book discusses hagiographic, historiographical, hymnological, and theological sources that contributed to the formation of the sacred picture of the physical as well as metaphysical Jerusalem in the literature of two Eastern Christian denominations, East and West Syrians. Popa analyses the question of Syrian beliefs about the Holy City, their interaction with holy places, and how they travelled in the Holy Land. He also explores how they imagined and reflected the theology of this itinerary through literature in Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, set alongside a well-defined local tradition that was at times at odds with Jerusalem. Even though the image of Jerusalem as a land of sacred spaces is unanimously accepted in the history of Christianity, there were also various competing positions and attitudes. This often promoted the attempt at mitigating and replacing Jerusalem’s sacred centrality to the Christian experience with local sacred heritage, which is also explored in this study. Popa argues that despite this rhetoric of artificial boundaries, the general picture epitomises a fluid and animated intersection of Syriac Christians with the Holy City especially in the medieval era and the subsequent period, through a standardised process of pilgrimage, well-integrated in the custom of advanced Christian life and monastic canon. The Making of Syriac Jerusalem is suitable for students and scholars working on the history, literature, and theology of Syriac Christianity in the late antique and medieval periods.

Constantine and the Captive Christians of Persia

Kyle Smith
Constantine and the Captive Christians of Persia Book PDF

Author : Kyle Smith
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2016-01-19
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780520289604

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Constantine and the Captive Christians of Persia by Kyle Smith Pdf

"This book demonstrates that the history of Christianity in the fourth century has been written mainly on the basis of Greek ecclesiastical histories and Syriac martyrdom narratives that date to decades, even centuries, after the fact. By closely analyzing these sources--which often exhibit conflicting religious, political, and hagiographical agendas--an evolving portrait of the first Christian emperor begins to emerge. This portrait of Constantine is useful not for re-constructing the events of the fourth century, but for understanding how the Syriac Christians of Roman Mesopotamia and Sasanian Persia used Constantine and the Christians of the West to fashion multiple political and religious identities over a prolonged period of change"--Provided by publisher.

A Social History of Christian Origins

Simon J. Joseph
A Social History of Christian Origins Book PDF

Author : Simon J. Joseph
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2022-12-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000822120

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A Social History of Christian Origins by Simon J. Joseph Pdf

A Social History of Christian Origins explores how the theme of the Jewish rejection of Jesus – embedded in Paul’s letters and the New Testament Gospels – represents the ethnic, social, cultural, and theological conflicts that facilitated the construction of Christian identity. Readers of this book will gain a thorough understanding of how a central theme of early Christianity – the Jewish rejection of Jesus – facilitated the emergence of Christian anti-Judaism as well as the complex and multi-faceted representations of Jesus in the Gospels of the New Testament. This study systematically analyses the theme of social rejection in the Jesus tradition by surveying its historical and chronological development. Employing the social-psychological study of social rejection, social identity theory, and social memory theory, Joseph sheds new light on the inter-relationships between myth, history, and memory in the study of Christian origins and the contemporary (re)construction of the historical Jesus. A Social History of Christian Origins is primarily intended for academic specialists and students in ancient history, biblical studies, New Testament studies, Religious Studies, Classics, as well as the general reader interested in the beginnings of Christianity.

The Early Martyr Narratives

Eric Rebillard
The Early Martyr Narratives Book PDF

Author : Eric Rebillard
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2020-11-27
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780812252606

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The Early Martyr Narratives by Eric Rebillard Pdf

From Eusebius of Caesarea, who first compiled a collection of martyr narratives around 300, to Thierry Ruinart, whose Acta primorum martyrum sincera et selecta was published in 1689, the selection and study of early hagiographic narratives has been founded on an assumption that there existed documents written at the time of martyrdom, or very close to it. As a result, a search for authenticity has been and continues to be central, even in the context of today's secular scholarship. But, as Éric Rebillard contends, the alternative approach, to set aside entirely the question of the historical reliability of martyr narratives, is not satisfactory either. Instead, he argues that martyr narratives should be consider as fluid "living texts," written anonymously and received by audiences not as precise historical reports but as versions of the story. In other words, the form these texts took, between fact and fiction, made it possible for audiences to readily accept the historicity of the martyr while at the same time not expect to hear or read a truthful account. In The Early Martyr Narratives, Rebillard considers only accounts of Christian martyrs supposed to have been executed before 260, and only those whose existence is attested in sources that can be dated to before 300. The resulting small corpus contains no texts in the form of legal protocols, traditionally viewed as the earliest, most official and authentic records, nor does it include any that can be dated to a period during which persecution of Christians is known to have taken place. Rather than deduce from this that they are forgeries written for the sake of polemic or apologetic, Rebillard demonstrates how the literariness of the narratives creates a fictional complicity that challenges and complicates any claims of these narratives to be truthful.

Desiring Martyrs

Harry O. Maier,Katharina Waldner
Desiring Martyrs Book PDF

Author : Harry O. Maier,Katharina Waldner
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2020-12-16
Category : History
ISBN : 9783110682632

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Desiring Martyrs by Harry O. Maier,Katharina Waldner Pdf

Martyrs create space and time through the actions they take, the fate they suffer, the stories they prompt, the cultural narratives against which they take place and the retelling of their tales in different places and contexts. The title "Desiring Martyrs" is meant in two senses. First, it refers to protagonists and antagonists of the martyrdom narratives who as literary characters seek martyrs and the way they inscribe certain kinds of cultural and social desire. Second, it describes the later celebration of martyrs via narrative, martyrdom acts, monuments, inscriptions, martyria, liturgical commemoration, pilgrimage, etc. Here there is a cultural desire to tell or remember a particular kind of story about the past that serves particular communal interests and goals. By applying the spatial turn to these ancient texts the volume seeks to advance a still nascent social geographical understanding of emergent Christian and Jewish martyrdom. It explores how martyr narratives engage pre-existing time-space configurations to result in new appropriations of earlier traditions.

Greek and Latin Narratives about the Ancient Martyrs

Éric Rebillard
Greek and Latin Narratives about the Ancient Martyrs Book PDF

Author : Éric Rebillard
Publisher : Oxford Early Christian Texts
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Religion
ISBN : 0198739575

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Greek and Latin Narratives about the Ancient Martyrs by Éric Rebillard Pdf

Greek and Latin Narratives about the Ancient Martyrs provides a collection, with facing-page translations, of Greek and Latin Christian martyr narratives dating from the first four centuries CE. While Herbert Musurillo's authoritative collection The Acts of the Martyrs (1972) aimed to gatherthe most "authentic" and "reliable" accounts of early Christian martyrdom, Eric Rebillard argues that modern scholarship instead calls for texts which attest to the contexts in which the memories of the martyrs were constructed. As such, this extensive volume provides a textual basis for the studyof martyr narratives without making assumptions about their date of composition or their authenticity. It focuses on the ancient martyrs executed before 260, and examines which of their texts was known to Eusebius or to Augustine. Introductions describe the hagiographical dossier of each martyr withcrucial information about the manuscript tradition of the different texts and provide a terminus ante quem for their composition based only on external evidence.