Low Temperature Electronics

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Device and Circuit Cryogenic Operation for Low Temperature Electronics

Author : Francis Balestra,G. Ghibaudo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 267 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2013-11-11
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781475733181

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Device and Circuit Cryogenic Operation for Low Temperature Electronics by Francis Balestra,G. Ghibaudo Pdf

Device and Circuit Cryogenic Operation for Low Temperature Electronics is a first in reviewing the performance and physical mechanisms of advanced devices and circuits at cryogenic temperatures that can be used for many applications. The first two chapters cover bulk silicon and SOI MOSFETs. The electronic transport in the inversion layer, the influence of impurity freeze-out, the special electrical properties of SOI structures, the device reliability and the interest of a low temperature operation for the ultimate integration of silicon down to nanometer dimensions are described. The next two chapters deal with Silicon-Germanium and III-V Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors, as well as III-V High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMT). The basic physics of the SiGe HBT and its unique cryogenic capabilities, the optimization of such bipolar devices, and the performance of SiGe HBT BiCMOS technology at liquid nitrogen temperature are examined. The physical effects in III-V semiconductors at low temperature, the HEMT and HBT static, high frequency and noise properties, and the comparison of various cooled III-V devices are also addressed. The next chapter treats quantum effect devices made of silicon materials. The major quantum effects at low temperature, quantum wires, quantum dots as well as single electron devices and applications are investigated. The last chapter overviews the performances of cryogenic circuits and their applications. The low temperature properties and performance of inverters, multipliers, adders, operational amplifiers, memories, microprocessors, imaging devices, circuits and systems, sensors and read-out circuits are analyzed. Device and Circuit Cryogenic Operation for Low Temperature Electronics is useful for researchers, engineers, Ph.D. and M.S. students working in the field of advanced electron devices and circuits, new semiconductor materials, and low temperature electronics and physics.

Low Temperature Electronics

Author : Edmundo A. Gutierrez-D.,M. Jamal Deen,Cor L. Claeys
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 985 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Cryoelectronics
ISBN : 9780123106759

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Low Temperature Electronics by Edmundo A. Gutierrez-D.,M. Jamal Deen,Cor L. Claeys Pdf

Summarizes the advances in cryoelectronics starting from the fundamentals in physics and semiconductor devices to electronic systems, hybrid superconductor-semiconductor technologies, photonic devices, cryocoolers and thermal management. This book provides an exploration of the theory, research, and technologies related to cryoelectronics.

Low-temperature Electronics

Author : Randall K. Kirschman
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 512 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : STANFORD:36105030431535

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Low-temperature Electronics by Randall K. Kirschman Pdf

Electrical Devices and Circuits for Low Temperature Space Applications

Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Page : 24 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2018-06-20
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1721599517

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Electrical Devices and Circuits for Low Temperature Space Applications by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Pdf

The environmental temperature in many NASA missions, such as deep space probes and outer planetary exploration, is significantly below the range for which conventional commercial-off-the-shelf electronics is designed. Presently, spacecraft operating in the cold environment of such deep space missions carry a large number of radioisotope or other heating units in order to maintain the surrounding temperature of the on-board electronics at approximately 20 C. Electronic devices and circuits capable of operation at cryogenic temperatures will not only tolerate the harsh environment of deep space but also will reduce system size and weight by eliminating or reducing the heating units and their associate structures; thereby reducing system development cost as well as launch costs. In addition, power electronic circuits designed for operation at low temperatures are expected to result in more efficient systems than those at room temperature. This improvement results from better behavior in the electrical and thermal properties of some semiconductor and dielectric materials at low temperatures. An on-going research and development program on low temperature electronics at the NASA Glenn Research Center focuses on the development of efficient electrical systems and circuits capable of surviving and exploiting the advantages of low temperature environments. An overview of the program will be presented in this paper. A description of the low temperature test facilities along with selected data obtained from in-house component testing will also be discussed. On-going research activities that are being performed in collaboration with various organizations will also be presented. Patterson, R. L. and Hammond, A. and Dickman, J. E. and Gerber, S. and Overton, E. and Elbuluk, M. Glenn Research Center; Goddard Space Flight Center NASA/TM-2003-212600, E-14159, NAS 1.15:212600

Matter and Methods at Low Temperatures

Author : Frank Pobell
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 383 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783662032251

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Matter and Methods at Low Temperatures by Frank Pobell Pdf

This textbook contains information essential for successful experiments at low temperatures. The first chapters describe the low-temperature properties of liquids and solid matter, including liquid helium. Most of the book is devoted to refrigeration techniques and the physics on which they rely, the definition of temperature, thermometry, and a variety of design and construction techniques. The lively and practical style make it easy to read and particularly useful to anyone beginning research in low-temperature physics. Low-temperature scientists will find it of great value due to its extensive compilation of materials data and relevant new results.

High Temperature Electronics

Author : F. Patrick McCluskey,Thomas Podlesak,Richard Grzybowski
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 279 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2018-05-04
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781351440806

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High Temperature Electronics by F. Patrick McCluskey,Thomas Podlesak,Richard Grzybowski Pdf

The development of electronics that can operate at high temperatures has been identified as a critical technology for the next century. Increasingly, engineers will be called upon to design avionics, automotive, and geophysical electronic systems requiring components and packaging reliable to 200 °C and beyond. Until now, however, they have had no single resource on high temperature electronics to assist them. Such a resource is critically needed, since the design and manufacture of electronic components have now made it possible to design electronic systems that will operate reliably above the traditional temperature limit of 125 °C. However, successful system development efforts hinge on a firm understanding of the fundamentals of semiconductor physics and device processing, materials selection, package design, and thermal management, together with a knowledge of the intended application environments. High Temperature Electronics brings together this essential information and presents it for the first time in a unified way. Packaging and device engineers and technologists will find this book required reading for its coverage of the techniques and tradeoffs involved in materials selection, design, and thermal management and for its presentation of best design practices using actual fielded systems as examples. In addition, professors and students will find this book suitable for graduate-level courses because of its detailed level of explanation and its coverage of fundamental scientific concepts. Experts from the field of high temperature electronics have contributed to nine chapters covering topics ranging from semiconductor device selection to testing and final assembly.

Low Temperature and Cryogenic Refrigeration

Author : Sadik Kakaç,M.R. Avelino,H.F. Smirnov
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 489 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401000994

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Low Temperature and Cryogenic Refrigeration by Sadik Kakaç,M.R. Avelino,H.F. Smirnov Pdf

Refrigeration plays a prominent role in our everyday lives, and cryogenics plays a major role in medical science, space technology and the cooling of low-temperature electronics. This volume contains chapters on basic refrigeration systems, non-compression refrigeration and cooling, and topics related to global environmental issues, alternative refrigerants, optimum refrigerant selection, cost-quality optimization of refrigerants, advanced thermodynamics of reverse-cycle machines, applications in medicine, cryogenics, heat pipes, gas-solid absorption refrigeration, multisalt resorption heat pumps, cryocoolers, thermoacoustic refrigeration, cryogenic heat transfer and enhancement and other topics covering theory, design, and applications, such as pulse tube refrigeration, which is the most efficient of all cryocoolers and can be used in space missions.

Low Temperature Materials and Mechanisms

Author : Yoseph Bar-Cohen
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 518 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2016-08-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781498700399

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Low Temperature Materials and Mechanisms by Yoseph Bar-Cohen Pdf

This book addresses the growing interest in low temperature technologies. Since the subject of low temperature materials and mechanisms is multidisciplinary, the chapters reflect the broadest possible perspective of the field. Leading experts in the specific subject area address the various related science and engineering chemistry, material science, electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, metallurgy, and physics.