Machine Ethics

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Machine Ethics

Michael Anderson,Susan Leigh Anderson
Machine Ethics Book PDF

Author : Michael Anderson,Susan Leigh Anderson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 547 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2011-05-09
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781139497749

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Machine Ethics by Michael Anderson,Susan Leigh Anderson Pdf

The new field of machine ethics is concerned with giving machines ethical principles, or a procedure for discovering a way to resolve the ethical dilemmas they might encounter, enabling them to function in an ethically responsible manner through their own ethical decision making. Developing ethics for machines, in contrast to developing ethics for human beings who use machines, is by its nature an interdisciplinary endeavor. The essays in this volume represent the first steps by philosophers and artificial intelligence researchers toward explaining why it is necessary to add an ethical dimension to machines that function autonomously, what is required in order to add this dimension, philosophical and practical challenges to the machine ethics project, various approaches that could be considered in attempting to add an ethical dimension to machines, work that has been done to date in implementing these approaches, and visions of the future of machine ethics research.

Machine Ethics

Luís Moniz Pereira,António Barata Lopes
Machine Ethics Book PDF

Author : Luís Moniz Pereira,António Barata Lopes
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2020-01-22
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783030396305

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Machine Ethics by Luís Moniz Pereira,António Barata Lopes Pdf

This book offers the first systematic guide to machine ethics, bridging between computer science, social sciences and philosophy. Based on a dialogue between an AI scientist and a novelist philosopher, the book discusses important findings on which moral values machines can be taught and how. In turn, it investigates what kind of artificial intelligence (AI) people do actually want. What are the main consequences of the integration of AI in people’s every-day life? In order to co-exist and collaborate with humans, machines need morality, but which moral values should we teach them? Moreover, how can we implement benevolent AI? These are just some of the questions carefully examined in the book, which offers a comprehensive account of ethical issues concerning AI, on the one hand, and a timely snapshot of the power and potential benefits of this technology on the other. Starting with an introduction to common-sense ethical principles, the book then guides the reader, helping them develop and understand more complex ethical concerns and placing them in a larger, technological context. The book makes these topics accessible to a non-expert audience, while also offering alternative reading pathways to inspire more specialized readers.

Machine Ethics and Robot Ethics

Wendell Wallach,Peter Asaro
Machine Ethics and Robot Ethics Book PDF

Author : Wendell Wallach,Peter Asaro
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 765 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2020-09-10
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781000151978

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Machine Ethics and Robot Ethics by Wendell Wallach,Peter Asaro Pdf

Once the stuff of science fiction, recent progress in artificial intelligence, robotics, and machine learning means that these rapidly advancing technologies are finally coming into widespread use within everyday life. Such rapid development in these areas also brings with it a host of social, political and legal issues, as well as a rise in public concern and academic interest in the ethical challenges these new technologies pose. This volume is a collection of scholarly work from leading figures in the development of both robot ethics and machine ethics; it includes essays of historical significance which have become foundational for research in these two new areas of study, as well as important recent articles. The research articles selected focus on the control and governance of computational systems; the exploration of ethical and moral theories using software and robots as laboratories or simulations; inquiry into the necessary requirements for moral agency and the basis and boundaries of rights; and questions of how best to design systems that are both useful and morally sound. Collectively the articles ask what the practical ethical and legal issues, arising from the development of robots, will be over the next twenty years and how best to address these future considerations.

Robot Ethics

Mark Coeckelbergh
Robot Ethics Book PDF

Author : Mark Coeckelbergh
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2022-09-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780262544092

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Robot Ethics by Mark Coeckelbergh Pdf

A guide to the ethical questions that arise from our use of industrial robots, robot companions, self-driving cars, and other robotic devices. Does a robot have moral agency? Can it be held responsible for its actions? Do humans owe robots anything? Will robots take our jobs? These are some of the ethical and moral quandaries that we should address now, as robots and other intelligent devices become more widely used and more technically sophisticated. In this volume in the MIT Press Essential Knowledge series, philosopher Mark Coeckelbergh does just that. He considers a variety of robotics technologies and applications—from robotic companions to military drones—and identifies the ethical implications of their use. Questions of robot ethics, he argues, are not just about robots but, crucially and importantly, are about humans as well. Coeckelbergh examines industrial robots and their potential to take over tasks from humans; “social” robots and possible risks to privacy; and robots in health care and their effect on quality of care. He considers whether a machine can be moral, or have morality built in; how we ascribe moral status; and if machines should be allowed to make decisions about life and death. When we discuss robot ethics from a philosophical angle, Coeckelbergh argues, robots can function as mirrors for reflecting on the human. Robot ethics is more than applied ethics; it is a way of doing philosophy.

Programming Machine Ethics

Luís Moniz Pereira,Ari Saptawijaya
Programming Machine Ethics Book PDF

Author : Luís Moniz Pereira,Ari Saptawijaya
Publisher : Springer
Page : 175 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2016-02-10
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783319293547

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Programming Machine Ethics by Luís Moniz Pereira,Ari Saptawijaya Pdf

This book addresses the fundamentals of machine ethics. It discusses abilities required for ethical machine reasoning and the programming features that enable them. It connects ethics, psychological ethical processes, and machine implemented procedures. From a technical point of view, the book uses logic programming and evolutionary game theory to model and link the individual and collective moral realms. It also reports on the results of experiments performed using several model implementations. Opening specific and promising inroads into the terra incognita of machine ethics, the authors define here new tools and describe a variety of program-tested moral applications and implemented systems. In addition, they provide alternative readings paths, allowing readers to best focus on their specific interests and to explore the concepts at different levels of detail. Mainly written for researchers in cognitive science, artificial intelligence, robotics, philosophy of technology and engineering of ethics, the book will also be of general interest to other academics, undergraduates in search of research topics, science journalists as well as science and society forums, legislators and military organizations concerned with machine ethics.

Robot Ethics

Patrick Lin,Keith Abney,George A. Bekey
Robot Ethics Book PDF

Author : Patrick Lin,Keith Abney,George A. Bekey
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 399 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2014-01-10
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780262526005

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Robot Ethics by Patrick Lin,Keith Abney,George A. Bekey Pdf

Prominent experts from science and the humanities explore issues in robot ethics that range from sex to war. Robots today serve in many roles, from entertainer to educator to executioner. As robotics technology advances, ethical concerns become more pressing: Should robots be programmed to follow a code of ethics, if this is even possible? Are there risks in forming emotional bonds with robots? How might society—and ethics—change with robotics? This volume is the first book to bring together prominent scholars and experts from both science and the humanities to explore these and other questions in this emerging field. Starting with an overview of the issues and relevant ethical theories, the topics flow naturally from the possibility of programming robot ethics to the ethical use of military robots in war to legal and policy questions, including liability and privacy concerns. The contributors then turn to human-robot emotional relationships, examining the ethical implications of robots as sexual partners, caregivers, and servants. Finally, they explore the possibility that robots, whether biological-computational hybrids or pure machines, should be given rights or moral consideration. Ethics is often slow to catch up with technological developments. This authoritative and accessible volume fills a gap in both scholarly literature and policy discussion, offering an impressive collection of expert analyses of the most crucial topics in this increasingly important field.

Machine Medical Ethics

Simon Peter van Rysewyk,Matthijs Pontier
Machine Medical Ethics Book PDF

Author : Simon Peter van Rysewyk,Matthijs Pontier
Publisher : Springer
Page : 369 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2014-09-05
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783319081083

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Machine Medical Ethics by Simon Peter van Rysewyk,Matthijs Pontier Pdf

The essays in this book, written by researchers from both humanities and science, describe various theoretical and experimental approaches to adding medical ethics to a machine, what design features are necessary in order to achieve this, philosophical and practical questions concerning justice, rights, decision-making and responsibility in medical contexts, and accurately modeling essential physician-machine-patient relationships. In medical settings, machines are in close proximity with human beings: with patients who are in vulnerable states of health, who have disabilities of various kinds, with the very young or very old and with medical professionals. Machines in these contexts are undertaking important medical tasks that require emotional sensitivity, knowledge of medical codes, human dignity and privacy. As machine technology advances, ethical concerns become more urgent: should medical machines be programmed to follow a code of medical ethics? What theory or theories should constrain medical machine conduct? What design features are required? Should machines share responsibility with humans for the ethical consequences of medical actions? How ought clinical relationships involving machines to be modeled? Is a capacity for empathy and emotion detection necessary? What about consciousness? This collection is the first book that addresses these 21st-century concerns.

Machine Law, Ethics, and Morality in the Age of Artificial Intelligence

Thompson, Steven John
Machine Law Ethics and Morality in the Age of Artificial Intelligence Book PDF

Author : Thompson, Steven John
Publisher : IGI Global
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2021-03-18
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781799848950

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Machine Law, Ethics, and Morality in the Age of Artificial Intelligence by Thompson, Steven John Pdf

Machines and computers are becoming increasingly sophisticated and self-sustaining. As we integrate such technologies into our daily lives, questions concerning moral integrity and best practices arise. A changing world requires renegotiating our current set of standards. Without best practices to guide interaction and use with these complex machines, interaction with them will turn disastrous. Machine Law, Ethics, and Morality in the Age of Artificial Intelligence is a collection of innovative research that presents holistic and transdisciplinary approaches to the field of machine ethics and morality and offers up-to-date and state-of-the-art perspectives on the advancement of definitions, terms, policies, philosophies, and relevant determinants related to human-machine ethics. The book encompasses theory and practice sections for each topical component of important areas of human-machine ethics both in existence today and prospective for the future. While highlighting a broad range of topics including facial recognition, health and medicine, and privacy and security, this book is ideally designed for ethicists, philosophers, scientists, lawyers, politicians, government lawmakers, researchers, academicians, and students. It is of special interest to decision- and policy-makers concerned with the identification and adoption of human-machine ethics initiatives, leading to needed policy adoption and reform for human-machine entities, their technologies, and their societal and legal obligations.

The Machine Question

David J. Gunkel
The Machine Question Book PDF

Author : David J. Gunkel
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 271 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2017-09-08
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780262534635

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The Machine Question by David J. Gunkel Pdf

An investigation into the assignment of moral responsibilities and rights to intelligent and autonomous machines of our own making. One of the enduring concerns of moral philosophy is deciding who or what is deserving of ethical consideration. Much recent attention has been devoted to the "animal question"—consideration of the moral status of nonhuman animals. In this book, David Gunkel takes up the "machine question": whether and to what extent intelligent and autonomous machines of our own making can be considered to have legitimate moral responsibilities and any legitimate claim to moral consideration. The machine question poses a fundamental challenge to moral thinking, questioning the traditional philosophical conceptualization of technology as a tool or instrument to be used by human agents. Gunkel begins by addressing the question of machine moral agency: whether a machine might be considered a legitimate moral agent that could be held responsible for decisions and actions. He then approaches the machine question from the other side, considering whether a machine might be a moral patient due legitimate moral consideration. Finally, Gunkel considers some recent innovations in moral philosophy and critical theory that complicate the machine question, deconstructing the binary agent–patient opposition itself. Technological advances may prompt us to wonder if the science fiction of computers and robots whose actions affect their human companions (think of HAL in 2001: A Space Odyssey) could become science fact. Gunkel's argument promises to influence future considerations of ethics, ourselves, and the other entities who inhabit this world.

AI Ethics

Mark Coeckelbergh
AI Ethics Book PDF

Author : Mark Coeckelbergh
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 250 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2020-04-07
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780262538190

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AI Ethics by Mark Coeckelbergh Pdf

This overview of the ethical issues raised by artificial intelligence moves beyond hype and nightmare scenarios to address concrete questions—offering a compelling, necessary read for our ChatGPT era. Artificial intelligence powers Google’s search engine, enables Facebook to target advertising, and allows Alexa and Siri to do their jobs. AI is also behind self-driving cars, predictive policing, and autonomous weapons that can kill without human intervention. These and other AI applications raise complex ethical issues that are the subject of ongoing debate. This volume in the MIT Press Essential Knowledge series offers an accessible synthesis of these issues. Written by a philosopher of technology, AI Ethics goes beyond the usual hype and nightmare scenarios to address concrete questions. Mark Coeckelbergh describes influential AI narratives, ranging from Frankenstein’s monster to transhumanism and the technological singularity. He surveys relevant philosophical discussions: questions about the fundamental differences between humans and machines and debates over the moral status of AI. He explains the technology of AI, describing different approaches and focusing on machine learning and data science. He offers an overview of important ethical issues, including privacy concerns, responsibility and the delegation of decision making, transparency, and bias as it arises at all stages of data science processes. He also considers the future of work in an AI economy. Finally, he analyzes a range of policy proposals and discusses challenges for policymakers. He argues for ethical practices that embed values in design, translate democratic values into practices and include a vision of the good life and the good society.

An Introduction to Ethics in Robotics and AI

Christoph Bartneck,Christoph Lütge,Alan Wagner,Sean Welsh
An Introduction to Ethics in Robotics and AI Book PDF

Author : Christoph Bartneck,Christoph Lütge,Alan Wagner,Sean Welsh
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 124 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2020-08-11
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783030511104

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An Introduction to Ethics in Robotics and AI by Christoph Bartneck,Christoph Lütge,Alan Wagner,Sean Welsh Pdf

This open access book introduces the reader to the foundations of AI and ethics. It discusses issues of trust, responsibility, liability, privacy and risk. It focuses on the interaction between people and the AI systems and Robotics they use. Designed to be accessible for a broad audience, reading this book does not require prerequisite technical, legal or philosophical expertise. Throughout, the authors use examples to illustrate the issues at hand and conclude the book with a discussion on the application areas of AI and Robotics, in particular autonomous vehicles, automatic weapon systems and biased algorithms. A list of questions and further readings is also included for students willing to explore the topic further.

Moral Machines

Wendell Wallach,Colin Allen
Moral Machines Book PDF

Author : Wendell Wallach,Colin Allen
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2010-07-15
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780199737970

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Moral Machines by Wendell Wallach,Colin Allen Pdf

"Moral Machines is a fine introduction to the emerging field of robot ethics. There is much here that will interest ethicists, philosophers, cognitive scientists, and roboticists." ---Peter Danielson, Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews --

Robot Rights

David J. Gunkel
Robot Rights Book PDF

Author : David J. Gunkel
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 253 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2024-03-19
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780262551571

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Robot Rights by David J. Gunkel Pdf

A provocative attempt to think about what was previously considered unthinkable: a serious philosophical case for the rights of robots. We are in the midst of a robot invasion, as devices of different configurations and capabilities slowly but surely come to take up increasingly important positions in everyday social reality—self-driving vehicles, recommendation algorithms, machine learning decision making systems, and social robots of various forms and functions. Although considerable attention has already been devoted to the subject of robots and responsibility, the question concerning the social status of these artifacts has been largely overlooked. In this book, David Gunkel offers a provocative attempt to think about what has been previously regarded as unthinkable: whether and to what extent robots and other technological artifacts of our own making can and should have any claim to moral and legal standing. In his analysis, Gunkel invokes the philosophical distinction (developed by David Hume) between “is” and “ought” in order to evaluate and analyze the different arguments regarding the question of robot rights. In the course of his examination, Gunkel finds that none of the existing positions or proposals hold up under scrutiny. In response to this, he then offers an innovative alternative proposal that effectively flips the script on the is/ought problem by introducing another, altogether different way to conceptualize the social situation of robots and the opportunities and challenges they present to existing moral and legal systems.

Robot Ethics 2.0

Patrick Lin,Keith Abney,Ryan Jenkins
Robot Ethics 2 0 Book PDF

Author : Patrick Lin,Keith Abney,Ryan Jenkins
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 441 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780190652951

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Robot Ethics 2.0 by Patrick Lin,Keith Abney,Ryan Jenkins Pdf

The robot population is rising on Earth and other planets. (Mars is inhabited entirely by robots.) As robots slip into more domains of human life--from the operating room to the bedroom--they take on our morally important tasks and decisions, as well as create new risks from psychological to physical. This makes it all the more urgent to study their ethical, legal, and policy impacts. To help the robotics industry and broader society, we need to not only press ahead on a wide range of issues, but also identify new ones emerging as quickly as the field is evolving. For instance, where military robots had received much attention in the past (and are still controversial today), this volume looks toward autonomous cars here as an important case study that cuts across diverse issues, from liability to psychology to trust and more. And because robotics feeds into and is fed by AI, the Internet of Things, and other cognate fields, robot ethics must also reach into those domains, too. Expanding these discussions also means listening to new voices; robot ethics is no longer the concern of a handful of scholars. Experts from different academic disciplines and geographical areas are now playing vital roles in shaping ethical, legal, and policy discussions worldwide. So, for a more complete study, the editors of this volume look beyond the usual suspects for the latest thinking. Many of the views as represented in this cutting-edge volume are provocative--but also what we need to push forward in unfamiliar territory.

Machine Ethics

Fouad Sabry
Machine Ethics Book PDF

Author : Fouad Sabry
Publisher : One Billion Knowledgeable
Page : 173 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2023-07-02
Category : Computers
ISBN : PKEY:6610000473113

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Machine Ethics by Fouad Sabry Pdf

What Is Machine Ethics The field of machine ethics is a subfield of the ethics of artificial intelligence that focuses on the incorporation of, or the assurance of, moral behaviors in man-made machines that make use of artificial intelligence. These machines are also referred to as artificial intelligent agents. The ethics of machines are distinct from those of other areas of ethics relating to engineering and technology. It is important to differentiate between machine ethics and computer ethics, the latter of which focuses on how humans interact with computers. A distinction needs to be made between it and the philosophy of technology, which is concerned with the more profound repercussions that technology has on society. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Machine Ethics Chapter 2: Artificial Intelligence Chapter 3: Technological Singularity Chapter 4: Friendly Artificial Intelligence Chapter 5: Superintelligence Chapter 6: AI Takeover Chapter 7: Robot Ethics Chapter 8: Ethics of Artificial Intelligence Chapter 9: AI Capability Control Chapter 10: Existential Risk from Artificial General Intelligence (II) Answering the public top questions about machine ethics. (III) Real world examples for the usage of machine ethics in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of machine ethics' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of machine ethics.