Means Tested Transfer Programs In The United States

Author : Robert A. Moffitt
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 655 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2007-11-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780226533575

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Means-Tested Transfer Programs in the United States by Robert A. Moffitt Pdf

Few United States government programs are as controversial as those designed to aid the poor. From tax credits to medical assistance, aid to needy families is surrounded by debate—on what benefits should be offered, what forms they should take, and how they should be administered. The past few decades, in fact, have seen this debate lead to broad transformations of aid programs themselves, with Aid to Families with Dependent Children replaced by Temporary Assistance to Needy Families, the Earned Income Tax Credit growing from a minor program to one of the most important for low-income families, and Medicaid greatly expanding its eligibility. This volume provides a remarkable overview of how such programs actually work, offering an impressive wealth of information on the nation's nine largest "means-tested" programs—that is, those in which some test of income forms the basis for participation. For each program, contributors describe origins and goals, summarize policy histories and current rules, and discuss the recipient's characteristics as well as the different types of benefits they receive. Each chapter then provides an overview of scholarly research on each program, bringing together the results of the field's most rigorous statistical examinations. The result is a fascinating portrayal of the evolution and current state of means-tested programs, one that charts a number of shifts in emphasis—the decline of cash assistance, for instance, and the increasing emphasis on work. This exemplary portrait of the nation's safety net will be an invaluable reference for anyone interested in American social policy.

Author : Robert A. Moffitt
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 323 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2016-11-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780226392523

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Economics of Means-Tested Transfer Programs in the United States, Volume II by Robert A. Moffitt Pdf

Few government programs in the United States are as controversial as those designed to help the poor. From tax credits to medical assistance, the size and structure of the American safety net is an issue of constant debate. These two volumes update the earlier Means-Tested Transfer Programs in the United States with a discussion of the many changes in means-tested government programs and the results of new research over the past decade. While some programs that experienced falling outlays in the years prior to the previous volume have remained at low levels of expenditure, many others have grown, including Medicaid, the Earned Income Tax Credit, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, and subsidized housing programs. For each program, the contributors describe its origins and goals, summarize its history and current rules, and discuss recipients’ characteristics and the types of benefits they receive. This is an invaluable reference for researchers and policy makers that features detailed analyses of many of the most important transfer programs in the United States.

Author : Robert A. Moffitt
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 421 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2016-11-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780226370507

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Economics of Means-Tested Transfer Programs in the United States, Volume I by Robert A. Moffitt Pdf

Few government programs in the United States are as controversial as those designed to help the poor. From tax credits to medical assistance, the size and structure of the American safety net is an issue of constant debate. These two volumes update the earlier Means-Tested Transfer Programs in the United States with a discussion of the many changes in means-tested government programs and the results of new research over the past decade. While some programs that experienced falling outlays in the years prior to the previous volume have remained at low levels of expenditure, many others have grown, including Medicaid, the Earned Income Tax Credit, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, and subsidized housing programs. For each program, the contributors describe its origins and goals, summarize its history and current rules, and discuss recipients’ characteristics and the types of benefits they receive. This is an invaluable reference for researchers and policy makers that features detailed analyses of many of the most important transfer programs in the United States.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on Building an Agenda to Reduce the Number of Children in Poverty by Half in 10 Years
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 619 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2019-09-16
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309483988

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A Roadmap to Reducing Child Poverty by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on Building an Agenda to Reduce the Number of Children in Poverty by Half in 10 Years Pdf

The strengths and abilities children develop from infancy through adolescence are crucial for their physical, emotional, and cognitive growth, which in turn help them to achieve success in school and to become responsible, economically self-sufficient, and healthy adults. Capable, responsible, and healthy adults are clearly the foundation of a well-functioning and prosperous society, yet America's future is not as secure as it could be because millions of American children live in families with incomes below the poverty line. A wealth of evidence suggests that a lack of adequate economic resources for families with children compromises these children's ability to grow and achieve adult success, hurting them and the broader society. A Roadmap to Reducing Child Poverty reviews the research on linkages between child poverty and child well-being, and analyzes the poverty-reducing effects of major assistance programs directed at children and families. This report also provides policy and program recommendations for reducing the number of children living in poverty in the United States by half within 10 years.

Author : Robert A. Moffitt
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 323 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2016-11-15
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780226392493

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Economics of Means-Tested Transfer Programs in the United States, Volume II by Robert A. Moffitt Pdf

Few programs in the United States are as controversial as those that constitute the country s safety net, which in the past few decades have been broadly transformed and substantially increased in size and scope. Many of these programs were discussed in the popular NBER book, "Means-Tested Transfer Programs in the United States," published in 2003. This new book sheds light on changes in programs and the results of new research since the first volume. Each volume of "Economics of Means-Tested Transfer Programs in the United States" explores four programs in particular. This second volume looks into the less standard or newer transfer programs, which include Supplemental Security Income, Low-Income Housing Policy, Employment and Training Programs, and Early Childhood Education. Both volumes of "Means-Tested Transfer Programs in the United States "will constitute a unique, single-source reference containing analysis of the origins, successes, failures, and developments in the most important recent means-tested transfer programs in the United States."

Author : United States. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 740 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 1957
Category : Employment forecasting
ISBN : IND:30000089076727

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Occupational Outlook Handbook by United States. Bureau of Labor Statistics Pdf

Author : Ariel Fiszbein,Norbert R. Schady
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2009-02-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0821373536

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Conditional Cash Transfers by Ariel Fiszbein,Norbert R. Schady Pdf

Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) programs aim to reduce poverty by making welfare programs conditional upon the receivers' actions. That is, the government only transfers the money to persons who meet certain criteria. These criteria may include enrolling children into public schools, getting regular check-ups at the doctor's office, receiving vaccinations, or the like. They have been hailed as a way of reducing inequality and helping households break out of a vicious cycle whereby poverty is transmitted from one generation to another. Do these and other claims make sense? Are they supported by the available empirical evidence? This volume seeks to answer these and other related questions. Specifically, it lays out a conceptual framework for thinking about the economic rationale for CCTs; it reviews the very rich evidence that has accumulated on CCTs; it discusses how the conceptual framework and the evidence on impacts should inform the design of CCT programs in practice; and it discusses how CCTs fit in the context of broader social policies. The authors show that there is considerable evidence that CCTs have improved the lives of poor people and argue that conditional cash transfers have been an effective way of redistributing income to the poor. They also recognize that even the best-designed and managed CCT cannot fulfill all of the needs of a comprehensive social protection system. They therefore need to be complemented with other interventions, such as workfare or employment programs, and social pensions.

Author : Mr.David Coady,Nghia-Piotr Le
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 27 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2020-06-26
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781513547046

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Designing Fiscal Redistribution: The Role of Universal and Targeted Transfers by Mr.David Coady,Nghia-Piotr Le Pdf

There is a growing debate on the relative merits of universal and targeted social assistance transfers in achieving income redistribution objectives. While the benefits of targeting are clear, i.e., a larger poverty impact for a given transfer budget or lower fiscal cost for a given poverty impact, in practice targeting also comes with various costs, including incentive, administrative, social and political costs. The appropriate balance between targeted and universal transfers will therefore depend on how countries decide to trade-off these costs and benefits as well as on the potential for redistribution through taxes. This paper discusses the trade-offs that arise in different country contexts and the potential for strengthening fiscal redistribution in advanced and developing countries, including through expanding transfer coverage and progressive tax financing.

Author : David Coady,Margaret E. Grosh,John Hoddinott
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0821357697

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Targeting of Transfers in Developing Countries by David Coady,Margaret E. Grosh,John Hoddinott Pdf

Drawing on a database of more than one hundred anti-poverty interventions in 47 countries, 'Targeting of Transfers in Developing Countries' provides a general review of experiences with methods used to target interventions in transition and developing countries. Written for policymakers and program managers in developing countries, in donor agencies, and in NGOs who have responsibility for designing interventions that reach the poor, it conveys what targeting options are available, what results can be expected as well as information that will assist in choosing among them and in their implementation. Key messages are: - While targeting 'works' - the median program transfers 25 percent more to the poor than would a universal allocation - targeting performance around the world is highly variable. - Means testing, geographic targeting, and self-selection based on a work requirement are the most robustly progressive methods. Proxy means testing, community-based selection of individuals and demographic targeting to children show good results on average, but with considerable variation. - Demographic targeting to the elderly, community bidding, and self-selection based on consumption show limited potential for good targeting. - There is no single preferred method for all types of programs or all country contexts. Successful targeting depends critically on how a method is implemented. The CD-ROM includes the database of interventions, an annotated bibliography (PDF) and Spanish and Russian translations of the book (PDFs).

Author : Ugo Gentilini,Margaret Grosh,Jamele Rigolini,Ruslan Yemtsov
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 307 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2019-11-25
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781464815119

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Exploring Universal Basic Income by Ugo Gentilini,Margaret Grosh,Jamele Rigolini,Ruslan Yemtsov Pdf

Universal basic income (UBI) is emerging as one of the most hotly debated issues in development and social protection policy. But what are the features of UBI? What is it meant to achieve? How do we know, and what don’t we know, about its performance? What does it take to implement it in practice? Drawing from global evidence, literature, and survey data, this volume provides a framework to elucidate issues and trade-offs in UBI with a view to help inform choices around its appropriateness and feasibility in different contexts. Specifically, the book examines how UBI differs from or complements other social assistance programs in terms of objectives, coverage, incidence, adequacy, incentives, effects on poverty and inequality, financing, political economy, and implementation. It also reviews past and current country experiences, surveys the full range of existing policy proposals, provides original results from micro†“tax benefit simulations, and sets out a range of considerations around the analytics and practice of UBI.

Author : Marito Garcia,Charity M. T. Moore
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 441 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2012-02-21
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780821388983

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The Cash Dividend by Marito Garcia,Charity M. T. Moore Pdf

This book provides in-depth descriptions and analysis of how cash transfer programs have evolved and been used in Sub-Saharan Africa since 2000. The analysis focuses on program features and implementation, but it also highlights political economy issues and current knowledge gaps.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Computer network resources
ISBN : MINN:31951P00897009O

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The World Bank Research Observer by Anonim Pdf

Author : Maura Francese,Delphine Prady
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 24 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2018-12-10
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781484388815

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Universal Basic Income: Debate and Impact Assessment by Maura Francese,Delphine Prady Pdf

This paper discusses the definition and modelling of a universal basic income (UBI). After clarifying the debate about what a UBI is and presenting the arguments in favor and against, an analytical approach for its assessment is proposed. The adoption of a UBI as a policy tool is discussed with regard to the policy objectives (shaped by social preferences) it is designed to achieve. Key design dimensions to be considered include: coverage, generosity of the program, overall progressivity of the policy, and its financing.

Author : Laura B. Rawlings,Gloria Rubio
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Evaluacion de proyectos
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Evaluating the Impact of Conditional Cash Transfer Programs by Laura B. Rawlings,Gloria Rubio Pdf

Unlike most development initiatives, conditional cash transfer programs recently introduced in the Latin America and the Caribbean region have been subject to rigorous evaluations of their effectiveness. These programs provide money to poor families, conditional on certain behavior, usually investments in human capital-such as sending children to school or bringing them to health centers on a regular basis. Rawlings and Rubio review the experience in evaluating the impact of these programs, exploring the application of experimental and quasi-experimental evaluation methods and summarizing results from programs launched in Brazil, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, and Nicaragua. Evaluation results from the first generation of programs in Brazil, Mexico, and Nicaragua show that conditional cash transfer programs are effective in promoting human capital accumulation among poor households. There is clear evidence of success in increasing enrollment rates, improving preventive health care, and raising household consumption. Despite this promising evidence, many questions remain unanswered about the impact of conditional cash transfer programs, including those concerning their effectiveness under different country conditions and the sustainability of the welfare impacts.

Author : Kathryn Edin,H. Luke Shaefer
Publisher : Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
Page : 239 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : SOCIAL SCIENCE
ISBN : 9780544303188

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$2.00 a Day by Kathryn Edin,H. Luke Shaefer Pdf

The story of a kind of poverty in America so deep that we, as a country, don't even think exists--from a leading national poverty expert who "defies convention" (New York Times)