Modeling The Macroeconomic Impact Of Hiv Aids

Author : Markus Haacker
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 30 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2002-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UCSD:31822032177230

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Modeling the Macroeconomic Impact of HIV/AIDS by Markus Haacker Pdf

The paper addresses the impact of HIV/AIDS on per capita output and income, with particular emphasis on the role of labor mobility between the formal and informal sectors, and the impact of the epidemic on investment decisions. The study finds that HIV/AIDS affects both the supply of labor and the demand for labor in the formal sector. Only if there is a significant rise in the capital-labor ratio, will there be an increase in formal sector employment. However, this is associated with a decline in the rate of return to capital. To the extent that companies respond to this by reducing investment, conventional models underestimate the adverse impact on employment, per capita output, and income. The analysis of the impact of HIV/AIDS on output is complemented by an assessment of the impact on income.

Author : David A. Robalino,Carol Jenkins,Karim El Maroufi
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : AIDS (Disease)
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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The Risks and Macroeconomic Impact of HIV/AIDS in the Middle East and North Africa by David A. Robalino,Carol Jenkins,Karim El Maroufi Pdf

Robalino, Jenkins, and El Maroufi develop a model of optimal growth to assess the risks of an HIV/AIDS epidemic and the expected economic impact in nine countries in the Middle East and North Africa region--Algeria, Djibouti, Egypt, Iran, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Tunisia, and Yemen. The model incorporates an HIV/AIDS diffusion component based on two transmission factors--sexual intercourse and exchange of infected needles among intravenous drug users. Given high levels of uncertainty on the model parameters that determine the dynamics of the epidemic and its economic impact, the authors explore large regions of the parameter space. The prevalence rates in year 2015 would be below 1 percent in 16 percent of the cases, while they would be above 3 percent in 50 percent of the cases. On average, GDP losses across countries for 2000-2025 could approximate 35 percent of today's GDP. In all countries it is possible to observe scenarios where losses surpass today's GDP. The authors quantify the impact of expanding condom use and access to clean needles for intravenous drug users. They show that these interventions act as an insurance policy that increases social welfare. They also show that delaying action for five years can cost, on average, the equivalent of six percentage points of today's GDP. This paper--a product of the Human Development Group, Middle East and North Africa Region--is part of a larger effort in the region to raise awareness about the social and economic cost of HIV/AIDS. David Robalino may be contacted at [email protected].

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 80 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : AIDS (Disease)
ISBN : STANFORD:36105132839601

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Assessing the Macroeconomic Impact of HIV/AIDS in Uganda by Anonim Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 104 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : AIDS (Disease)
ISBN : STANFORD:36105132839643

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Assessing the Macroeconomic Impact of HIV/AIDS in Uganda by Anonim Pdf

Author : David A. Robalino
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 37 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1290704586

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The Risks and Macroeconomic Impact of Hiv/Aids in the Middle East and North Africa by David A. Robalino Pdf

Robalino, Jenkins, and El Maroufi develop a model of optimal growth to assess the risks of an HIV/AIDS epidemic and the expected economic impact in nine countries in the Middle East and North Africa region - Algeria, Djibouti, Egypt, Iran, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Tunisia, and Yemen. The model incorporates an HIV/AIDS diffusion component based on two transmission factors - sexual intercourse and exchange of infected needles among intravenous drug users. Given high levels of uncertainty on the model parameters that determine the dynamics of the epidemic and its economic impact, the authors explore large regions of the parameter space. The prevalence rates in year 2015 would be below 1 percent in 16 percent of the cases, while they would be above 3 percent in 50 percent of the cases. On average, GDP losses across countries for 2000-2025 could approximate 35 percent of today's GDP. In all countries it is possible to observe scenarios where losses surpass today's GDP. The authors quantify the impact of expanding condom use and access to clean needles for intravenous drug users. They show that these interventions act as an insurance policy that increases social welfare. They also show that delaying action for five years can cost, on average, the equivalent of six percentage points of today's GDP.This paper - a product of the Human Development Group, Middle East and North Africa Region - is part of a larger effort in the region to raise awareness about the social and economic cost of HIV/AIDS. David Robalino may be contacted at [email protected].

Author : Mr.Maitland MacFarlan,Ms.Silvia Sgherri
Publisher : INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2001-06-01
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 1451850301

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The Macroeconomic Impact of HIV/AIDS in Botswana by Mr.Maitland MacFarlan,Ms.Silvia Sgherri Pdf

This paper provides an overview of the potential macroeconomic effects of HIV/AIDS in Botswana, focusing on the key channels through which the pandemic is likely to affect the economic outlook and on the uncertainties involved. To estimate the impact of HIV/AIDS, a dual-economy equilibrium model is constructed and simulated under different scenarios. Depending on exactly how AIDS affects the outlook, GDP growth is projected to fall from around 51⁄2 percent a year without the pandemic to between 11⁄2 and 21⁄2 percent a year with AIDS. Non-negligible redistribution effects across sectors and labor skill categories are also likely to arise. Finally, the paper draws attention to the potential effects of HIV/AIDS on the long-term fiscal position of Botswana, highlighting the need for increased international support and/or lower drug prices so that the widespread introduction of anti-retroviral drug treatments is feasible.

Author : K. Jefferies
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : AIDS (Disease)
ISBN : STANFORD:36105132805537

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The Economic Impact of HIV and AIDS in Botswana by K. Jefferies Pdf

Author : Robalino
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1403283410

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The Risks and Macroeconomic Impact of HIV/AIDS in the Middle East and North Africa by Robalino Pdf

Author : Mr.Markus Haacker
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2004-11-19
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 1589063600

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The Macroeconomics of HIV/AIDS by Mr.Markus Haacker Pdf

This paper analyzes the macroeconomics of HIV/AIDS. The paper highlights that the mortality and morbidity associated with AIDS make it unlike most other types of sickness and disease. The paper describes the most common approaches used in accounting for growth in the context of an HIV/AIDS epidemic. The impact of HIV/AIDS on education and the accumulation of human capital is discussed. The paper also discusses the impact of HIV/AIDS on the public sector, and elaborates certain demographic events specific to the HIV/AIDS pandemic.

Author : Janine Aron,Brian Kahn,Geeta Kingdon
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 377 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2009-03-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780199551460

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South African Economic Policy Under Democracy by Janine Aron,Brian Kahn,Geeta Kingdon Pdf

South Africa experienced a momentous change of government from the Apartheid regime to its first democratic government in 1994. This book provides an up-to-date and comprehensive assessment of South Africa's economic policies and performance under democracy. The book includes a stand-alone introduction and economic overview, as well as chapters on growth, monetary and exchange rate policy and fiscal policy, on capital flows and trade policy, on investment and industrial and competition policy, on the effect of AIDs in the macroeconomy, and on unemployment, education and inequality and poverty. Each chapter, and the overview chapter in particular, also addresses prospects for the future.

Author : David E. Sahn
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2018-07-05
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780801462320

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The Socioeconomic Dimensions of HIV/AIDS in Africa by David E. Sahn Pdf

Since the 1980s HIV/AIDS has occupied a singular position because of the rapidly emergent threat and devastation the disease has caused, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. New infections continue to create a formidable challenge to households, communities, and health systems: last year alone, 2.7 million new infections occurred globally. Sub-Saharan Africa remains the epicenter of the suffering, with around two-thirds of infected individuals worldwide found there, and a disproportionate number of deaths and new infections. For years there have been widespread and concerted efforts to prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS, identify a cure, and understand and mitigate the deleterious social and economic ramifications of the disease. Despite these efforts, and some apparent successes, there is still a long way to go in terms of altering behaviors in order to realize the objective of dramatic reductions in the spread of HIV/AIDS in Africa. The authors in this volume examine the HIV/AIDS crisis in Africa, which persists despite major strides in averting deaths due to antiretroviral therapy. They tell an important story of the distinct nature of the disease and its socioeconomic implications.

Author : Daniel K. Song'ony
Publisher : AuthorHouse
Page : 186 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : AIDS (Disease)
ISBN : 9781434355614

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Economic Development in Africa in the Age of Globalization and HIV/AIDS by Daniel K. Song'ony Pdf

Economic development in Africa in the age of globalization is written for use at the university level in economic development, political economy, agricultural economics, poverty and health economics. The text provides basis for poverty in Africa then defines poverty and provides the determinants of poverty. The first part describes how agricultural development is crucial to alleviation of poverty. The text provides relevant economic theories that claim to define economic development and critically examines their applicability on alleviation of poverty in Africa. The text then provides two mathematical models that illustrate the determinants of poverty based on prices of commodities and an alternative model that is used to represent the maximization of rural household income which results in minimization of poverty. In the conclusion, the text emphasizes how HIV/AIDS has evolved from an health issue to a developmental crises resulting in perpetuated poverty in Africa.

Author : Gedeon M. Mudacumura,M. Shamsul Haque
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 750 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2004-04-23
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781482270983

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Handbook of Development Policy Studies by Gedeon M. Mudacumura,M. Shamsul Haque Pdf

Considering the current challenges to human progress, this reference book examines recent theories, policies, and sectoral priorities, as well as various social, economic, and administrative factors that impact worldwide modernization and development. The book emphasizes the fact that communities must evaluate continuously and adjust their program

Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Panel on Data and Research Priorities for Arresting AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 369 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 1996-03-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309090186

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Preventing and Mitigating AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa by National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Panel on Data and Research Priorities for Arresting AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa Pdf

The AIDS epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa continues to affect all facets of life throughout the subcontinent. Deaths related to AIDS have driven down the life expectancy rate of residents in Zambia, Kenya, and Uganda with far-reaching implications. This book details the current state of the AIDS epidemic in Africa and what is known about the behaviors that contribute to the transmission of the HIV infection. It lays out what research is needed and what is necessary to design more effective prevention programs.

Author : Mr.Markus Haacker,Mr.N. F. R. Crafts
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 23 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2003-06-01
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9781451854107

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Welfare Implications of HIV/AIDS by Mr.Markus Haacker,Mr.N. F. R. Crafts Pdf

The paper evaluates the impact of HIV/AIDS on welfare in several countries affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Unlike studies focusing on the impact of HIV/AIDS on GDP per capita, we evaluate the impact of increased mortality using estimates of the value of statistical life. Our results illustrate the catastrophic impact of HIV/AIDS in the worst-affected countries and suggest that studies focusing on GDP and income per capita capture only a very small proportion of the welfare impact of HIV/AIDS.