The Macroeconomic Impact Of Hiv Aids In Botswana

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The Macroeconomic Impact of HIV/AIDS in Botswana

Mr.Maitland MacFarlan,Ms.Silvia Sgherri
The Macroeconomic Impact of HIV AIDS in Botswana Book PDF

Author : Mr.Maitland MacFarlan,Ms.Silvia Sgherri
Publisher : INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2001-06-01
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 1451850301

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The Macroeconomic Impact of HIV/AIDS in Botswana by Mr.Maitland MacFarlan,Ms.Silvia Sgherri Pdf

This paper provides an overview of the potential macroeconomic effects of HIV/AIDS in Botswana, focusing on the key channels through which the pandemic is likely to affect the economic outlook and on the uncertainties involved. To estimate the impact of HIV/AIDS, a dual-economy equilibrium model is constructed and simulated under different scenarios. Depending on exactly how AIDS affects the outlook, GDP growth is projected to fall from around 51⁄2 percent a year without the pandemic to between 11⁄2 and 21⁄2 percent a year with AIDS. Non-negligible redistribution effects across sectors and labor skill categories are also likely to arise. Finally, the paper draws attention to the potential effects of HIV/AIDS on the long-term fiscal position of Botswana, highlighting the need for increased international support and/or lower drug prices so that the widespread introduction of anti-retroviral drug treatments is feasible.

The Economic Impact of HIV and AIDS in Botswana

K. Jefferies
The Economic Impact of HIV and AIDS in Botswana Book PDF

Author : K. Jefferies
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : AIDS (Disease)
ISBN : STANFORD:36105132805537

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The Economic Impact of HIV and AIDS in Botswana by K. Jefferies Pdf

The Macroeconomics of HIV/AIDS

Mr.Markus Haacker
The Macroeconomics of HIV AIDS Book PDF

Author : Mr.Markus Haacker
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2004-11-19
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 1589063600

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The Macroeconomics of HIV/AIDS by Mr.Markus Haacker Pdf

This paper analyzes the macroeconomics of HIV/AIDS. The paper highlights that the mortality and morbidity associated with AIDS make it unlike most other types of sickness and disease. The paper describes the most common approaches used in accounting for growth in the context of an HIV/AIDS epidemic. The impact of HIV/AIDS on education and the accumulation of human capital is discussed. The paper also discusses the impact of HIV/AIDS on the public sector, and elaborates certain demographic events specific to the HIV/AIDS pandemic.

The Risks and Macroeconomic Impact of HIV/AIDS in the Middle East and North Africa

David A. Robalino,Carol Jenkins,Karim El Maroufi
The Risks and Macroeconomic Impact of HIV AIDS in the Middle East and North Africa Book PDF

Author : David A. Robalino,Carol Jenkins,Karim El Maroufi
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : AIDS (Disease)
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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The Risks and Macroeconomic Impact of HIV/AIDS in the Middle East and North Africa by David A. Robalino,Carol Jenkins,Karim El Maroufi Pdf

Robalino, Jenkins, and El Maroufi develop a model of optimal growth to assess the risks of an HIV/AIDS epidemic and the expected economic impact in nine countries in the Middle East and North Africa region--Algeria, Djibouti, Egypt, Iran, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Tunisia, and Yemen. The model incorporates an HIV/AIDS diffusion component based on two transmission factors--sexual intercourse and exchange of infected needles among intravenous drug users. Given high levels of uncertainty on the model parameters that determine the dynamics of the epidemic and its economic impact, the authors explore large regions of the parameter space. The prevalence rates in year 2015 would be below 1 percent in 16 percent of the cases, while they would be above 3 percent in 50 percent of the cases. On average, GDP losses across countries for 2000-2025 could approximate 35 percent of today's GDP. In all countries it is possible to observe scenarios where losses surpass today's GDP. The authors quantify the impact of expanding condom use and access to clean needles for intravenous drug users. They show that these interventions act as an insurance policy that increases social welfare. They also show that delaying action for five years can cost, on average, the equivalent of six percentage points of today's GDP. This paper--a product of the Human Development Group, Middle East and North Africa Region--is part of a larger effort in the region to raise awareness about the social and economic cost of HIV/AIDS. David Robalino may be contacted at [email protected].

The Fiscal Dimension of HIV/AIDS in Botswana, South Africa, Swaziland, and Uganda

Elizabeth Lule,Markus Haacker
The Fiscal Dimension of HIV AIDS in Botswana South Africa Swaziland and Uganda Book PDF

Author : Elizabeth Lule,Markus Haacker
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 313 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2011-11-17
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780821388075

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The Fiscal Dimension of HIV/AIDS in Botswana, South Africa, Swaziland, and Uganda by Elizabeth Lule,Markus Haacker Pdf

HIV/AIDS continues to take a tremendous toll on the populations of many countries, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. In some countries with high HIV prevalence rates, life expectancy has declined by more than a decade and in a few cases by more than two decades. Even in countries with HIV prevalence of around 5 percent (close to the average for sub-Saharan Africa), the epidemic can reverse gains in life expectancy and other health outcomes achieved over one or two decades. This volume highlights work conducted under the umbrella of a World Bank work program on “The Fiscal Dimension of HIV/AIDS,” including country studies on Botswana, South Africa, Swaziland, and Uganda. It covers four aspects of the fiscal dimensions of HIV/AIDS: First, it aims for a comprehensive analysis of the fiscal costs of HIV/AIDS, with a wider scope than a costing analysis focusing on only the policy response to HIV/AIDS. Second, it embeds the analysis of HIV/AIDS costs in a discussion of the fiscal context, and interprets these costs as a quasi-liability, not a debt de jure, but a political and fiscal commitment that binds fiscal resources in the future and cannot easily be changed, and very similar to a pension obligation or certain social grants or services. Third, it develops tools to assess the (fiscal dimensions of) trade-offs between HIV/AIDS policies and measures that take into account the persistence of these spending commitments. Fourth, most of the fiscal costs of HIV/AIDS are ultimately caused by new infections, and this study estimates the fiscal resources committed (or saved) by an additional (or prevented) HIV infection. Building on these estimates, the analysis here is able to assess the evolving fiscal burden of HIV/AIDS over time.

The Economic Consequences of HIV/AIDS in Southern Africa

Markus Haacker
The Economic Consequences of HIV AIDS in Southern Africa Book PDF

Author : Markus Haacker
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 46 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2002-02
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UCSD:31822031183684

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The Economic Consequences of HIV/AIDS in Southern Africa by Markus Haacker Pdf

The paper provides an analysis of the impact of HIV/AIDS on the health sector, public education, the supply of labor and the returns to training in nine Southern African countries. Drawing on the preceding sections, it assesses the impact of HIV/AIDS on per capita income in a neoclassical growth framework. HIV/AIDS affects per capita income mainly through its impact of human capital, as measured by the supply of experienced workers. Other factors include the impact on capital accumulation, on education, and on total factor productivity.

Welfare Implications of HIV/AIDS

Mr.Markus Haacker,Mr.N. F. R. Crafts
Welfare Implications of HIV AIDS Book PDF

Author : Mr.Markus Haacker,Mr.N. F. R. Crafts
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 23 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2003-06-01
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9781451854107

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Welfare Implications of HIV/AIDS by Mr.Markus Haacker,Mr.N. F. R. Crafts Pdf

The paper evaluates the impact of HIV/AIDS on welfare in several countries affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Unlike studies focusing on the impact of HIV/AIDS on GDP per capita, we evaluate the impact of increased mortality using estimates of the value of statistical life. Our results illustrate the catastrophic impact of HIV/AIDS in the worst-affected countries and suggest that studies focusing on GDP and income per capita capture only a very small proportion of the welfare impact of HIV/AIDS.

The Risks and Macroeconomic Impact of Hiv/Aids in the Middle East and North Africa

David A. Robalino
The Risks and Macroeconomic Impact of Hiv Aids in the Middle East and North Africa Book PDF

Author : David A. Robalino
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 37 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1290704586

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The Risks and Macroeconomic Impact of Hiv/Aids in the Middle East and North Africa by David A. Robalino Pdf

Robalino, Jenkins, and El Maroufi develop a model of optimal growth to assess the risks of an HIV/AIDS epidemic and the expected economic impact in nine countries in the Middle East and North Africa region - Algeria, Djibouti, Egypt, Iran, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Tunisia, and Yemen. The model incorporates an HIV/AIDS diffusion component based on two transmission factors - sexual intercourse and exchange of infected needles among intravenous drug users. Given high levels of uncertainty on the model parameters that determine the dynamics of the epidemic and its economic impact, the authors explore large regions of the parameter space. The prevalence rates in year 2015 would be below 1 percent in 16 percent of the cases, while they would be above 3 percent in 50 percent of the cases. On average, GDP losses across countries for 2000-2025 could approximate 35 percent of today's GDP. In all countries it is possible to observe scenarios where losses surpass today's GDP. The authors quantify the impact of expanding condom use and access to clean needles for intravenous drug users. They show that these interventions act as an insurance policy that increases social welfare. They also show that delaying action for five years can cost, on average, the equivalent of six percentage points of today's GDP.This paper - a product of the Human Development Group, Middle East and North Africa Region - is part of a larger effort in the region to raise awareness about the social and economic cost of HIV/AIDS. David Robalino may be contacted at [email protected].

Social and Economic Issues of HIV/AIDS in Southern Africa

Rene Loewenson,Alan Whiteside
Social and Economic Issues of HIV AIDS in Southern Africa Book PDF

Author : Rene Loewenson,Alan Whiteside
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 124 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Medical
ISBN : STANFORD:36105112602888

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Social and Economic Issues of HIV/AIDS in Southern Africa by Rene Loewenson,Alan Whiteside Pdf

Botswana: Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix

International Monetary Fund
Botswana Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix Book PDF

Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Page : 101 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2004-07-30
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1451806388

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Botswana: Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix by International Monetary Fund Pdf

This Selected Issues paper for Botswana highlights the macroeconomic impact of an effectively implemented National Strategic Framework (NSF) program. The NSF is anchored on the goals of prevention, care, and support; management of the national response; economic impact mitigation; and provision of a strengthened legal and ethical environment. The treatment of the pandemic focuses on the administration of antiretroviral drugs to the infected, the effect of which would be to prolong their lifespan, as well as increase the average level of productivity.

The Fiscal Dimension of HIV/AIDS in Botswana, South Africa, Swaziland, and Uganda

Elizabeth Lule,Markus Haacker
The Fiscal Dimension of HIV AIDS in Botswana South Africa Swaziland and Uganda Book PDF

Author : Elizabeth Lule,Markus Haacker
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 313 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2011-11-17
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780821388082

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The Fiscal Dimension of HIV/AIDS in Botswana, South Africa, Swaziland, and Uganda by Elizabeth Lule,Markus Haacker Pdf

This volume analyzes the cost of HIV/AIDS from a fiscal perspective in Botswana, South Africa, Uganda, and Swaziland.

Modeling the Macroeconomic Impact of HIV/AIDS

Markus Haacker
Modeling the Macroeconomic Impact of HIV AIDS Book PDF

Author : Markus Haacker
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 30 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2002-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UCSD:31822032177230

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Modeling the Macroeconomic Impact of HIV/AIDS by Markus Haacker Pdf

The paper addresses the impact of HIV/AIDS on per capita output and income, with particular emphasis on the role of labor mobility between the formal and informal sectors, and the impact of the epidemic on investment decisions. The study finds that HIV/AIDS affects both the supply of labor and the demand for labor in the formal sector. Only if there is a significant rise in the capital-labor ratio, will there be an increase in formal sector employment. However, this is associated with a decline in the rate of return to capital. To the extent that companies respond to this by reducing investment, conventional models underestimate the adverse impact on employment, per capita output, and income. The analysis of the impact of HIV/AIDS on output is complemented by an assessment of the impact on income.