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Author : Gudni G. Hardarson,William J. Broughton
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2014-01-15
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9401723222
Author : Eldor Paul
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 603 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2014-11-14
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780123914118
The fourth edition of Soil Microbiology, Ecology and Biochemistry updates this widely used reference as the study and understanding of soil biota, their function, and the dynamics of soil organic matter has been revolutionized by molecular and instrumental techniques, and information technology. Knowledge of soil microbiology, ecology and biochemistry is central to our understanding of organisms and their processes and interactions with their environment. In a time of great global change and increased emphasis on biodiversity and food security, soil microbiology and ecology has become an increasingly important topic. Revised by a group of world-renowned authors in many institutions and disciplines, this work relates the breakthroughs in knowledge in this important field to its history as well as future applications. The new edition provides readable, practical, impactful information for its many applied and fundamental disciplines. Professionals turn to this text as a reference for fundamental knowledge in their field or to inform management practices. New section on "Methods in Studying Soil Organic Matter Formation and Nutrient Dynamics" to balance the two successful chapters on microbial and physiological methodology Includes expanded information on soil interactions with organisms involved in human and plant disease Improved readability and integration for an ever-widening audience in his field Integrated concepts related to soil biota, diversity, and function allow readers in multiple disciplines to understand the complex soil biota and their function
Author : Antoon D. L. Akkermans,Jan Dirk Van Elsas,Frans J. De Bruijn
Publisher : Springer
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2014-01-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400902152
For a long time microbial ecology has been developed as a distinct field within Ecology. In spite of the important role of microorganisms in the environment, this group of 'invisible' organisms remained unaccessable to other ecologists. Detection and identification of microorganisms remain largely dependent on isolation techniques and characterisation of pure cul tures. We now realise that only a minor fraction of the microbial com munity can be cultivated. As a result of the introduction of molecular methods, microbes can now be detected and identified at the DNA/RNA level in their natural environment. This has opened a new field in ecology: Molecular Microbial Ecology. In the present manual we aim to introduce the microbial ecologist to a selected number of current molecular techniques that are relevant in micro bial ecology. The first edition of the manual contains 33 chapters and an equal number of additional chapters will be added this year. Since the field of molecular ecology is in a continuous progress, we aim to update and extend the Manual regularly and will invite anyone to depo sit their new protocols in full detail in the next edition of this Manual. We hope this book finds its place where it was born: at the lab bench! Antoon D.L. Akkermans, Jan Dirk van Elsas and Frans J. de Bruijn March 1995 Molecular Microbial Ecology Manual 1.3.6: 1-8, 1996. © 1996 Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Author : George A. Kowalchuk
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 1760 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2004-08-09
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781402021763
Microbes are key drivers of the world's ecosystems. The vast majority of the world's diversity and metabolic potential lies within micro-organisms, yet we are just beginning to understand and utilize this ultimate resource of biological diversity. Critical to our exploration of the microbial world are methods that allow for the analysis of organisms that are invisible to our eyes, difficult to distinguish from each other, and often impossible to grow using available culture methods. The field of microbial ecology has been revolutionized in the past two decades by the introduction of molecular methods into the toolbox of the microbial ecologist. This molecular arsenal has helped to unveil the enormity of microbial diversity across the breadth of the earth's ecosystems, and has revealed that we are only familiar with a very small minority of the organisms that carry out key microbial functions in diverse habitats. The Molecular Microbial Ecology Manual, Second Edition (MMEM-II) provides a detailed and user-friendly description of the methods that have made this revolution in microbial ecology possible. However, what is perhaps most exciting about MMEM-II is that it contains a large number of new chapters, highlighting the newest trends in microbial ecology research, which seek to provide more quantitative and statistically robust data, and means of coupling microbial identity and function. In addition, the majority of the proven methods described in MMEM's first version have undergone significant revisions to provide the most up-to-date applications available. The state-of-the-art methods described in MMEM-II have not only been provided by experts in the field, but in most cases by the laboratories that actually first developed and applied the methods, thus providing the MMEM-II user with unique first-hand tips and insight. The new on-line format available forMMEM-II should also add to the utility of MMEM-II by allowing users to search for key topics throughout the manual, skip between interrelated chapters at the push of a button, and by providing immediate availability to protocol updates and new chapters dedicated to future technical developments.
Author : Gudni G. Hardarson,William J. Broughton
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9789401723213
Grain legume crops, e.g. common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and soyabeans (Glycine max L.) are amongst the main sources of protein in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Their high protein content derive from their ability, in symbiosis with Rhizobium bacteria, to fix atmospheric nitrogen. Incorporating contributions from molecular biologists, microbiologists, plant breeders and soil scientists, this volume reports the results of an FAO/IAEA Co-ordinated Research Programme (1992-1996), whose main objective was to develop molecular biological methods to study rhizobial ecology. Use of better tracking methods will help enhance biological nitrogen fixation and thus grain legume yields, while reducing their reliance on soil- and/or fertilizer-nitrogen. This volume will be invaluable to scientists working on biological nitrogen fixation, soil microbial ecology and legume production.
Author : Frans J. de Bruijn
Publisher : Wiley-Blackwell
Page : 1328 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2013-06-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 1118296176
Molecular Microbial Ecology of the Rhizosphere covers current knowledge on the molecular basis of plant-microbe interactions in the rhizosphere. Also included in the book are both reviews and research-based chapters describing experimental materials and methods. Edited by a leader in the field, with contributions from authors around the world, Molecular Microbial Ecology of the Rhizosphere brings together the most up-to-date research in this expanding area, and will be a valuable resource for molecular microbiologists and plant soil scientists, as well as upper level students in microbiology, ecology, and agriculture.
Author : Frans J. de Bruijn
Publisher : Wiley-Blackwell
Page : 1328 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2013-06-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 1118296176
Molecular Microbial Ecology of the Rhizosphere covers current knowledge on the molecular basis of plant-microbe interactions in the rhizosphere. Also included in the book are both reviews and research-based chapters describing experimental materials and methods. Edited by a leader in the field, with contributions from authors around the world, Molecular Microbial Ecology of the Rhizosphere brings together the most up-to-date research in this expanding area, and will be a valuable resource for molecular microbiologists and plant soil scientists, as well as upper level students in microbiology, ecology, and agriculture.
Author : Mark Osborn,Cindy Smith
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2004-06-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781135320416
Microoganisms are distributed across every ecosystem, and microbial transformations are fundamental to the operation of the biosphere. Microbial ecology is the study of this interaction between microorganisms and their environment, and arguably represents one of the most important areas of biological research. Yet for many years our study of microbial flora was severely limited: the primary method of culturing microorganisms on media allowed us to study only between 0.1 and 10% of the total microbial flora in any given environment. Molecular Microbial Ecology gives a comprehensive guide to the recent revolution in the study of microorganisms in the environment. Details are given on molecular methods for isolating some of the previously uncultured and numerically dominant microbial groups. PCR-based approaches to studying prokaryotic systematics are described, including ribosomal RNA analysis and stable isotope probing. Later chapters cover DNA hybridisation techniques (including fluorescent in situ hybridisation), as well as genomic and metagenomic approaches to microbial ecology. Gathering together some of the world’s leading experts, this book provides an invaluable introduction to the modern theory and molecular methods used in studying microbial ecology.
Author : A. Mark Osborn,Cindy Jane Smith
Publisher : Garland Science
Page : 404 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Science
ISBN : 1859962831
Molecular approaches to microbial ecology mean that in principle the entire range of species in a given sample can be analysed, in contrast to conventional techniques which rely on cell cultivation, and thereby typically include only about 10% of the species in a sample. Molecular Microbial Ecology provides both a theoretical and a methodological introduction to various key molecular techniques used in microbial ecology, focusing particularly on nucleic acid-based methodologies.
Author : John Eric Cooper,J. R. Rao
Publisher : CABI
Page : 309 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781845931834
Plants have evolved both general and highly specialized defence mechanisms that function to prevent diseases caused by the majority of microbial pathogens they encounter. Highly specialized defence is governed by specific interactions between pathogen avr (avirulence) genes' loci and alleles of the corresponding plant disease resistance (R) loci. These defences can be very dynamic as microbes from the same species can act differently in their co-evolution with the specific host plant, which in turn has similarly evolved its response to external threats. There have been major developments in the field of plant-microbe interactions in recent years, due to newly developed techniques and the availability of genomic information. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions explores these new discoveries, focusing primarily on the mechanisms controlling plant disease resistance, the cross-talk among the pathways involved and the strategies used by the pathogens to suppress these defences. By exploring developments in plant defences, pathogen's counter-defences and mutually beneficial plant-microbe interactions, this book will be useful for researchers and students in plant pathology and plant biology-related areas.
Author : Frans J. de Bruijn
Publisher : Strange Chemistry
Page : 1269 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Microbial ecology
ISBN : 1118296168
The ultimate reference on the benefits of plant-microbe interactions The advent of sophisticated molecular techniques in recent years has spurred an unprecedented growth in the study of the rhizosphere--the soil space where symbiotic interactions occur between plant roots and microbial communities. This comprehensive two-volume reference surveys the state of the art of this rapidly expanding field, bringing together a wealth of information on the molecular microbial ecology of the rhizosphere. Featuring contributions by leading experts from around the world, this exhaustive work combines review articles with original research papers, exploring all facets of plant-microbe interactions, including the latest molecular tools and experimental results from different habitats. Readers will gain valuable insight into an encyclopedic range of topics and learn to develop strategies for using microbes and plants in cutting-edge application areas such as sustainable agriculture and phytoremediation. Coverage includes: How plants structure microbial communities in the rhizosphere to encourage beneficial organisms and ward off pathogens How signaling between plants and microorganisms promotes plant growth and development as well as nitrogen fixation and mycorrhization Biocontrol and disease-suppression approaches for ameliorating environmental stresses affecting the roots of plants and trees A plethora of culture-independent molecular techniques, including genomic sequencing and metagenomics Applications and implications for ecological studies, decontamination of heavy metals, and food production in the era of climate change Properties of bacterial endophytes leading to maximized host fitness Engineering the rhizosphere: The Biased Rhizosphere concept Molecular Microbial Ecology of the Rhizosphere is a must-have resource for soil microbiologists, molecular microbial ecologists, plant biologists, researchers working on plant-microbe interactions, and anyone with an interest in microbiology, ecology, and agriculture.
Author : Chandra Shekhar Nautiyal,Patrice Dion
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 491 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2008-07-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540755753
Molecular Mechanisms of Plant and Microbe Coexistence presents studies on the complex and manifold interactions of plants and microbes at the population, genomics and proteomics level. The role of soil microbial diversity in enhancing plant health and plant microbe beneficial symbioses is discussed. Microbial communities are shown in the light of evolution. Main topics include genome coexistence and the functional genomics and proteomics of plant-associated microbes, which could form the basis for new environmentally benign strategies to combat infectious plant diseases and regulate plant growth. Further chapters focus on the role of signaling during the different stages of plant microbe coexistence, in symbiotic or pathogenic relationships, in quorum sensing and plant viral infections. Methods for studying the interactions in the root zone complement the book, which will certainly be of relevance in the practical application to agriculture, food security and for maintaining the balance of our ecosystems.
Author : Paolo Nannipieri,Kornelia Smalla
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 468 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2006-09-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540294498
With millions of different bacterial species living in soil, the microbial community is extremely complex, varying at very small scales. Microbe-driven functions are essential for most processes in soil. Thus, a better understanding of this microbial diversity will be invaluable for the management of the various soil functions. Nucleic Acids and Proteins in Soil combines traditional approaches in soil microbiology and biochemistry with the latest techniques in molecular microbial ecology. Included are methods to analyse the presence and importance of nucleic acids and proteins both inside and outside microbial cells, the horizontal gene transfer which drives bacterial diversity, as well as soil proteomes. Further chapters describe techniques such as PCR, fingerprinting, the challenging use of gene arrays for structural and functional analysis, stable isotope probing to identify in situ metabolic functions, and the use of marker and reporter genes in soil microbial ecology.
Author : Frans J. de Bruijn
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2011-07-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 0470644796
The premiere two-volume reference on revelations from studying complex microbial communities in many distinct habitats Metagenomics is an emerging field that has changed the way microbiologists study microorganisms. It involves the genomic analysis of microorganisms by extraction and cloning of DNA from a group of microorganisms, or the direct use of the purified DNA or RNA for sequencing, which allows scientists to bypass the usual protocol of isolating and culturing individual microbial species. This method is now used in laboratories across the globe to study microorganism diversity and for isolating novel medical and industrial compounds. Handbook of Molecular Microbial Ecology is the first comprehensive two-volume reference to cover unculturable microorganisms in a large variety of habitats, which could not previously have been analyzed without metagenomic methodology. It features review articles as well as a large number of case studies, based largely on original publications and written by international experts. This first volume, Metagenomics and Complementary Approaches, covers such topics as: Background information on DNA reassociation and use of 16 rRNA and other DNA fingerprinting approaches Species designation in microbiology Metagenomics: Introduction to the basic tools with examples Consortia and databases Bioinformatics Computer-assisted analysis Complementary approaches—microarrays, metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics, metabolomics, and single cell analysis A special feature of this volume is the highlighting of the databases and computer programs used in each study; they are listed along with their sites in order to facilitate the computer-assisted analysis of the vast amount of data generated by metagenomic studies. Handbook of Molecular Microbial Ecology I is an invaluable reference for researchers in metagenomics, microbiology, and environmental microbiology; those working on the Human Microbiome Project; microbial geneticists; molecular microbial ecologists; and professionals in molecular microbiology and bioinformatics.
Author : Terry Gentry,Jeffry J. Fuhrmann,David A. Zuberer
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 744 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2021-06-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780323851404
Written by leading experts in their respective fields, Principles and Applications of Soil Microbiology 3e, provides a comprehensive, balanced introduction to soil microbiology, and captures the rapid advances in the field such as recent discoveries regarding habitats and organisms, microbially mediated transformations, and applied environmental topics. Carefully edited for ease of reading, it aids users by providing an excellent multi-authored reference, the type of book that is continually used in the field. Background information is provided in the first part of the book for ease of comprehension. The following chapters then describe such fundamental topics as soil environment and microbial processes, microbial groups and their interactions, and thoroughly addresses critical nutrient cycles and important environmental and agricultural applications. An excellent textbook and desk reference, Principles and Applications of Soil Microbiology, 3e, provides readers with broad, foundational coverage of the vast array of microorganisms that live in soil and the major biogeochemical processes they control. Soil scientists, environmental scientists, and others, including soil health and conservation specialists, will find this material invaluable for understanding the amazingly diverse world of soil microbiology, managing agricultural and environmental systems, and formulating environmental policy. Includes discussion of major microbial methods, embedded within topical chapters Includes information boxes and case studies throughout the text to illustrate major concepts and connect fundamental knowledge with potential applications Study questions at the end of each chapter allow readers to evaluate their understanding of the materials
