Neural Mechanisms Of Goal Directed Behavior And Learning

Author : Richard B. Thompson
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 660 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780323143769

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Neural Mechanisms of Goal-Directed Behavior and Learning by Richard B. Thompson Pdf

Neural Mechanisms of Goal-Directed Behavior and Learning provides information pertinent to the neuronal mechanisms of motivation and learning. This book focuses on the theoretical frameworks within which researchers analyze specific problems. Organized into six parts encompassing 39 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the problem of goal-directed behavior that occupies a central position in psychology. This text then examines the behavioral investigations that are directed at delineating the role of contiguity and determining the possible mechanisms of reinforcement in classical defense and reward conditioning. Other chapters consider the homeostatic regulation of various functions, such as nutrition, temperature, respiration, blood pressure, and fluid and electrolyte balance. This book discusses as well the effects of experimental treatments on memory. The final chapter deals with the relationship between perception and memory. This book is a valuable resource for psychologists and scientists. Graduate students in behavioral neuroscience will also find this book useful.

Author : Richard W. Morris,Aaron Bornstein,Amitai Shenhav
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 484 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2018-08-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128120996

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Goal-Directed Decision Making by Richard W. Morris,Aaron Bornstein,Amitai Shenhav Pdf

Goal-Directed Decision Making: Computations and Neural Circuits examines the role of goal-directed choice. It begins with an examination of the computations performed by associated circuits, but then moves on to in-depth examinations on how goal-directed learning interacts with other forms of choice and response selection. This is the only book that embraces the multidisciplinary nature of this area of decision-making, integrating our knowledge of goal-directed decision-making from basic, computational, clinical, and ethology research into a single resource that is invaluable for neuroscientists, psychologists and computer scientists alike. The book presents discussions on the broader field of decision-making and how it has expanded to incorporate ideas related to flexible behaviors, such as cognitive control, economic choice, and Bayesian inference, as well as the influences that motivation, context and cues have on behavior and decision-making. Details the neural circuits functionally involved in goal-directed decision-making and the computations these circuits perform Discusses changes in goal-directed decision-making spurred by development and disorders, and within real-world applications, including social contexts and addiction Synthesizes neuroscience, psychology and computer science research to offer a unique perspective on the central and emerging issues in goal-directed decision-making

Author : Olivia Gosseries
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 510 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2022-09-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832501238

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Brain States and Neural Mechanisms of Consciousness by Olivia Gosseries Pdf

Author : Francisco Aboitiz,Diego Cosmelli
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 335 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2008-11-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783540705734

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From Attention to Goal-Directed Behavior by Francisco Aboitiz,Diego Cosmelli Pdf

Attention is a key psychological construct in the understanding of human cognition, and the target of enormous efforts to elucidate its physiological mechanisms, as the wealth of literature—both primary and secondary—attests (for recent compilations see Itti, Rees, & Tsotsos, 2005; Paletta & Rome, 2008; Posner, 2004). But in addition to asking what attention actually is, decomposing and analyzing its varieties, or delimiting its neurobiological mechanisms and effects, in this volume we want to explore attention somewhat differently. We believe that a full-fledged theory of attention must consider its workings in the context of motivated, goal-directed, and environmentally constrained organisms. That attention is related to goal-directed behavior is not news. What the contri- tions to this volume do suggest, however, is the existence of fundamental links between attention and two key processes that are crucial for adapted conduct: go- directed behavior and cognitive control. Importantly, they show that these relations can be explored at multiple levels, including neurodynamical, neurochemical, evo- tionary, and clinical aspects, and that in doing so multiple methodological challenges arise that are worth considering and pursuing. The reader will find here, therefore, a selection of contributions that range from basic mechanisms of attention at the n- ronal level to developmental aspects of cognitive control and its impairments. Another trend that will become evident is that, in different ways, the authors stress the need to understand these issues as they unfold in natural behavior (both healthy and pathological), thus arguing for a more ecological approach to these questions.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 247 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783642759642

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Progress in Sensory Physiology by Anonim Pdf

The objective of this series is to provide concise and critical information on current advances in the different domains of sensory physiology. It will be of interest to all who want to keep abreast of the latest developments in the field - from the level of the receptor to that of the cortex, including neuropsychological and psychophysical aspects.

Author : Donald H. Ford
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 804 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2019-03-04
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780429658150

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Humans as Self-Constructing Living Systems by Donald H. Ford Pdf

Originally published in 1987, the purpose of this title was to develop a conceptual framework for understanding individual humans as complex, functional entities. It was felt that a sound developmental theory of human personality and behaviour would help synthesize existing scientific and clinical information into a coherent representation of a person as a functional unit, guide future research, and facilitate the work of the health and human services professions. The volume is aimed at a multidisciplinary-multiprofessional audience.

Author : Various
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 4763 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2021-07-29
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780429615542

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Psychology Library Editions: Personality by Various Pdf

The study of personality has a long history and many different theoretical viewpoints within psychology. Psychology Library Editions: Personality (16 Volume set) presents titles, originally published between 1950 and 1997, covering many of these traditions and theories. It includes contributions from many well-respected academics and is a fascinating insight into this diverse field.

Author : James L. McGaugh,Norman M. Weinberger,Gary Lynch
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 428 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 1992-06-25
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780195360257

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Brain Organization and Memory by James L. McGaugh,Norman M. Weinberger,Gary Lynch Pdf

This edited volume summarizes recent findings of leading researchers investigating the brain systems that underlie memory. The book reviews recent progress in understanding forms of memory in animals and humans and the interaction of cortical and subcortical systems in the regulation of memory. Special emphasis is given to the development of neural network models that attempt to link cells to systems in the representation of memory. The book will be an invaluable source for cognitive psychologists, neuroscientists, and students interested in this active and exciting area of research.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 458 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 1985-01-01
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0080866794

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Psychophysiological Approaches to Human Information Processing by Anonim Pdf

Psychophysiological Approaches to Human Information Processing

Author : James M. Sprague,Alan N. Epstein
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781483103426

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Progress in Psychobiology and Physiological Psychology by James M. Sprague,Alan N. Epstein Pdf

Progress in Psychobiology and Physiological Psychology, Volume 10 reviews progress in the fields of psychobiology and physiological psychology, with emphasis on the anatomy and function of the brain in terms of behavior expressed by the organism. Topics covered include neuronal plasticity maintained by the central norepinephrine system in the visual cortex of the cat; pain sensation in primates; and classical conditioning in the rabbit. Comprised of four chapters, this volume begins with a discussion on the elegant body of research relating the norepinephrine system of the brain and plasticity in the developing visual cortex. The next chapter offers a critical and insightful account of pain sensations and responses in monkeys and humans, the effect of morphine on them, and the neural pathways in the spinal cord mediating them. The third chapter investigates the neural basis of the nictitating membrane response (NMR) electrophysiologically, recording from a number of brain sites. It shows that the memory trace for this conditioned response is localized in the cerebellum. The final chapter is devoted to the principles and methods of classical conditioning, centered on the NMR in the rabbit. Conditioning is analyzed within a broad experimental and theoretical context. This book should be of interest to biologists, psychologists, and physiologists.

Author : Robert Isaacson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2013-04-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781475767551

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The Limbic System by Robert Isaacson Pdf

107 with treatments that affect the arousal of the animals is also implied on the basis of the behavioral changes induced in the lesioned animals by amphetamine administration and by changes in the motivational circumstances under which the animals are tested. Studies of the effects of cingulate lesions in the rat have involved the production of midline cortical damage. Unfortunately, as reported in the previous chapter, the midline cortex of the rat is not comparable to the midline cortex of other animals as defined on the basis of the fibers it receives from the thalamus. In addition, lesions of the midline cortex, whether in the rat or in other species, are likely to interfere with fibers of the neural systems in or near it. These include the cingulum bundle and the supracallosal fibers of the fornix. Norepi nephrine-containing fibers also pass through this region in or near the cingulum bundle. These fibers ascend through the anterior dor solateral septal area and turn up and back to pass through the midline regions and innervate the entire medial cortex (Morrison, Molliver, & Grzanna, 1979). Lesions in this area reduce the norepinephrine distribution throughout the rostrocaudal extent of the medial cortex. A similar problem results from destruction to the anterior cortical regions. Lesions in that region could reduce the norepinephrine sup plies of the entire dorsolateral cortex.

Author : Joseph E. Steinmetz,Mark A. Gluck,Paul R. Solomon
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 439 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2013-09-05
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781134810185

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Model Systems and the Neurobiology of Associative Learning by Joseph E. Steinmetz,Mark A. Gluck,Paul R. Solomon Pdf

This volume contains a collection of papers written by former students, postdoctoral fellows, and colleagues of Richard Thompson and represent written versions of papers presented at the Festschrift symposium. The Festschrift provided an excellent opportunity for the participants to recount their memories and experiences of working with one of the leading figures in behavioral neuroscience, and to place their current research in the context of earlier research conducted in the Thompson laboratory. As a Festschrift volume, the various chapters contain numerous and sometimes very personal references to Richard Thompson's influence on the careers of the authors, as well as summaries of past and present work being conducted in the authors' laboratories. Part I includes studies of spinal cord plasticity and the involvement of the hippocampus and related structure in classical eyeblink conditioning. Part II explores the critical role of the cerebellum and associated areas in classical eyeblink conditioning. Part III focuses on a continued exploration of the involvement of the cerebellum in classical eyeblink conditioning using standard procedures as well as innovative molecular biology and genetic techniques. It also includes studies aimed at delineating modulatory influences on learning such as stress and hormonal factors. The incredible influence that Richard Thompson has had on the fields of experimental psychology and neuroscience should be evident on reading the contributions made by the various authors to this volume. The research conducted in Thompson's laboratory over the years has been cutting-edge, comprehensive, and influential. Therefore, this volume is dedicated to Richard F. Thompson a productive, innovative scientist and outstanding mentor.

Author : JOHN
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 614 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 1990-01-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0817634614

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Machinery of the Mind by JOHN Pdf

In the spring of 1987, I was in Havana, Cuba, where I was participating in planning a large-scale longitudinal study of the neurophysiological, neurochemical, and behavioral characteristics of cohorts of patients with cerebrovascular disease, depression, senile dementia, schizophrenia, or learning disabilities; and also part of this study were their first-degree blood relatives. This study was the outgrowth of a long-term project on the practical application of computer methods for the evaluation of brain electrical activity related to anatomical integrity, maturational development, and sensory, perceptual;·-and cognitive processes, especially in chil dren. For many years, that project had been supported by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), the National Scientific Research Center of Cuba (CNIC), and the Ministries of Public Health and of Education of Cuba. Since its inception, I had served as a technical advisor to the UNDP project. When the project began, I became acquainted with Dr. Jose M. Miyar Barrueco, who was at that time the Rector of the Medical School of the University of Havana. Because of his keen interest in the new computer technology and its potential utility in developing countries, we met from time to time during my visits. These occasional meetings continued after he became Secretary of the Cuban Council of State, so that he could remain apprised of progress and problems with which he might help.

Author : G. Ádám,I. Mészáros,É. I. Bányai
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 555 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781483190129

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Brain and Behaviour by G. Ádám,I. Mészáros,É. I. Bányai Pdf

Advances in Physiological Sciences, Volume 17: Brain and Behaviour documents the proceedings of the 28th International Congress of Physiological Sciences, held in Budapest 1980. This volume begins by discussing learning in isolated neuronal structures, and then explains the developmental plasticity of central nervous system. The mechanisms of conditioning, learning, and memory are then examined, which is followed by a topic on visceral learning. This book then introduces cortical sensory-motor integration, and then elaborates on this subject by explaining related topics such as caudato-cortical interrelations and functional organization of conditioned placing reaction. This text concludes with three parts examining the functions of mammalian associative cortex; psychophysiology of motivation; and electrophysiological basis of verbal and cognitive behavior. This book will be invaluable to students and experts in the fields of physiology and medicine.

Author : Todd S. Braver
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 388 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2015-12-22
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781317326366

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Motivation and Cognitive Control by Todd S. Braver Pdf

Individuals do not always perform to their full capability on cognitive tasks. When this occurs, the usual explanation is that the individual was not properly motivated. But this begs the important question: How and why does motivation interact with and influence cognitive processing and the control processes that regulate it? What are the underlying mechanisms that govern such interactions? Motivation has been an important component of psychology and neuroscience throughout the history of the field, but has recently been rejuvenated by rapidly accelerating research interest in the nature of motivation-cognition interactions, particularly as they impact control processes and goal-directed behavior. This volume provides an up-to-date snapshot of the state of research in this exciting, expanding area. The contributors to the volume are internationally-renowned researchers that lead the field in conducting groundbreaking studies. Moreover, they represent a variety of research perspectives and traditions: cognitive psychology and neuroscience, animal learning, social, affective, and personality psychology, and development, lifespan, and aging studies. This book summarizes our current state of understanding of the relationship between motivation and cognitive control, and serves as an essential reference for both students and researchers.