Parasitoid Community Ecology

Author : Bradford A. Hawkins,William Sheehan
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 540 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Science
ISBN : MINN:31951D009068927

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Parasitoid Community Ecology by Bradford A. Hawkins,William Sheehan Pdf

The study of parasitoid communities has direct relevance to general ecological theory and to the applied practice of biological control. Yet, despite the existence of a large and active international research community involved in the study of parasitoids, until now no books devoted to the theme of parasitoid community ecology have been available. Here, with a healthy mix of general discussions and specific examples such as tortricids and weevils, the authors constructively review and evaluate our understanding of these often very complex systems. The book emphasizes basic science, linking the discussion to wider areas such as population dynamics, food webs, competition, and community structure. The more applied end of the subject is covered in a section exclusively devoted to biological control. This book, the first to deal entirely with ecological aspects of parasitoid biology, offers summaries of the state of the field by leading researchers and identifies critical areas in need of further investigation. Students, researchers, and teachers in the field of ecology, animal behavior, entomology, forestry, and agriculture will all want to have a copy of the book on their shelves.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 516 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:709430264

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Parasitoid Community Ecology by Anonim Pdf

Determinants of species richness and composition in egg parasitoid assemblages of Lepidoptera; Parasitoid guilds: a comparative analysis of the parasitoid communities of tortricids and weevils; The diversity of fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidade) parasitoids; Parasitoid community structure: effects of host abundance, phylogeny, and ecology; Parasitoid host ranges; Life history characteristics of Tachinidae (Dipetera) and their effect on polyphagy; Mutualistic viruses and the evolution of host ranges in endoparasitoid Hymenoptera;; Parasitoids of leaf-mining Lepidoptera: what determines their host ranges; Effects of intraspecific plant variation on parasitoid communities; The window of parasitoid complex structure; Induced plant responses: effects on parasitoids and other natural enemies of phytophagous insects; Is the evolution of herbivore resistence influenced by parasitoids; The taste of enemy-free space: parasitoids and nasty hosts; The use and construction of parasitoids webs; Parasitoids communities associated with west African seed-feeding beetles; Africab fig wasp parasitoid communities; Population dynamics of host-parasitoid interaction; The structure and complexity of parasitoid communities in relation to biological control; Parasitoid communities, parasitoid guilds, and biological control; Building parasitoid communities: the complementary role of two introduced parasitoid species in a case of successful biological control; The implications of population dynamics theory to parasitoid diversity and biological control; Evolution of parasitoid communities; Parasitoids as model communities in ecological theory.

Author : H. Charles J. Godfray
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 484 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2019-12-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780691207025

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Parasitoids by H. Charles J. Godfray Pdf

Parasitoids lay their eggs on or in the bodies of other species of insect, and the parasitoid larvae develop by feeding on the host, causing its eventual death. Known for a long time to applied biologists for their importance in regulating the population densities of economic pests, parasitoids have recently proven to be valuable tools in testing many aspects of evolutionary theory. This book synthesizes the work of both schools of parasitoid biology and asks how a consideration of evolutionary biology can help us understand the behavior, ecology, and diversity of the approximately one to two million species of parasitoid found on earth. After a general introduction to parasitoid natural history and taxonomy, the first part of the book treats the different components of the reproductive strategy of parasitoids: searching for a host, host selection, clutch size, and the sex ratio. Subsequent chapters discuss pathogens and non-Mendelian genetic elements that affect sexual reproduction; evolutionary aspects of the physiological interactions between parasitoid and host; mating strategies; life history theory and community ecology. A special effort is made to discuss the theoretical background to the subject, but without the use of mathematics.

Author : Melanie J. Hatcher,Alison M. Dunn
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 463 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2011-06-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781139496988

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Parasites in Ecological Communities by Melanie J. Hatcher,Alison M. Dunn Pdf

Interactions between competitors, predators and their prey have traditionally been viewed as the foundation of community structure. Parasites – long ignored in community ecology – are now recognized as playing an important part in influencing species interactions and consequently affecting ecosystem function. Parasitism can interact with other ecological drivers, resulting in both detrimental and beneficial effects on biodiversity and ecosystem health. Species interactions involving parasites are also key to understanding many biological invasions and emerging infectious diseases. This book bridges the gap between community ecology and epidemiology to create a wide-ranging examination of how parasites and pathogens affect all aspects of ecological communities, enabling the new generation of ecologists to include parasites as a key consideration in their studies. This comprehensive guide to a newly emerging field is of relevance to academics, practitioners and graduates in biodiversity, conservation and population management, and animal and human health.

Author : Frédéric Thomas,Jean-Francois Guegan,François Renaud,Jean-François Guegan
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2005-01-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780198529873

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Parasitism and Ecosystems by Frédéric Thomas,Jean-Francois Guegan,François Renaud,Jean-François Guegan Pdf

"Ecologists, epidemiologists, evolutionary biologists, and other scientists are increasingly coming to realize that parasites must be taken into account when studying ecosystems. 'Parasitism and Ecosystems' summarizes current knowledge on this topic. It represents the synthesis of both the roles and the consequences of pathogens in ecosystems" --Provided by publisher.

Author : Paul-andré Calatayud,Catherine Wanjiru Clarke,René F. H. Sforza,Rose Ngeh Ndemah,Casper Nyamukondiwa
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 100 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2020-02-24
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9782889634804

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Parasitoids’ Ecology and Evolution by Paul-andré Calatayud,Catherine Wanjiru Clarke,René F. H. Sforza,Rose Ngeh Ndemah,Casper Nyamukondiwa Pdf

Author : Johann Baumgartner,Pietro Brandmayr,Bryan F.J. Manly
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2020-03-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000673654

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Population and Community Ecology for Insect Management and Conservation by Johann Baumgartner,Pietro Brandmayr,Bryan F.J. Manly Pdf

One of the themes of the 20th International Congress of Entomology held in Florence in August 1996 was Ecology and Population Dynamics, with papers presented on single species dynamics, population interactions, and community ecology. This book contains a selection of the papers that were presented, and gives a late-1990s picture of the latest research in this fast developing area.

Author : Emily Donnelly
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 135 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : Science
ISBN : 153615198X

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Parasitoids by Emily Donnelly Pdf

Most insect parasitoids are related to two insect orders, Diptera and Hymenoptera, some having a specific host while others have a vast host range. As such, the opening chapter of Parasitoids: Biology, Behavior and Ecology discusses the influence of host preference and host specificity in biological control programs and their role in different biological control methods.The behavioral responses of parasitoids can determine the efficiency of a parasitoid species to control host pests. The functional response is one of the most important behavioral responses. The authors show that type II functional response is more common than the other types (I, III, IV and V) of functional response for most parasitoid species. In some research, type III functional response was also reported for parasitoids.The closing study hypothesized that conditioned parasitoids will parasitize more target hosts compared with individuals without prior conditioning. In conditioning experiments, females of the wasp Trichogramma cacoeciae, a generalist egg parasitoid, oviposited in Lobesia botrana eggs while exposed to L. botrana's synthetic sex pheromone. Contrary to the hypothesis, this treatment failed to increase the parasitism rate in a subsequent exposure to the conditioned olfactory cue.

Author : Michael E. Hochberg,Anthony R. Ives
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 381 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2021-05-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780691230894

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Parasitoid Population Biology by Michael E. Hochberg,Anthony R. Ives Pdf

Extraordinary in the diversity of their lifestyles, insect parasitoids have become extremely important study organisms in the field of population biology, and they are the most frequently used agents in the biological control of insect pests. This book presents the ideas of seventeen international specialists, providing the reader not only with an overview but also with lively discussions of the most salient questions pertaining to the field today and prescriptions for avenues of future research. After a general introduction, the book divides into three main sections: population dynamics, population diversity, and population applications. The first section covers gaps in our knowledge in parasitoid behavior, parasitoid persistence, and how space and landscape affect dynamics. The contributions on population diversity consider how evolution has molded parasitoid populations and communities. The final section calls for novel approaches toward resolving the enigma of success in biological control and questions why parasitoids have been largely neglected in conservation biology. Parasitoid Population Biology will likely be an important influence on research well into the twenty-first century and will provoke discussion amongst parasitoid biologists and population biologists. In addition to the editors, the contributors are Carlos Bernstein, Jacques Brodeur, Jerome Casas, H.C.J. Godfray, Susan Harrison, Alan Hastings, Bradford A. Hawkins, George E. Heimpel, Marcel Holyoak, Nick Mills, Bernard D. Roitberg, Jens Roland, Michael R. Strand, Teja Tscharntke, and Minus van Baalen.

Author : Peter Price
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461587323

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Evolutionary Strategies of Parasitic Insects and Mites by Peter Price Pdf

This volume contains the invited lectures presented in a symposium entitled "Evolutionary strategies of parasitic insects and mites" at the national meeting of the Entomological Society of America in Minneapolis, Minnesota, 2-5 December, 1974. The intent was to bring together biologists who have worked on arthropods that are either plant or animal parasites in order to foster consideration of general aspects of the parasitic way of life. There seems to be a deficiency of ecological and evolutionary concepts relating to parasitism, in contrast to the burgeoning literature on predation, and it appeared that an amalgamation of studies on plant and animal parasites might help development of some generalities. Since parasities are far more numerous than predators in the world fauna, or in any particular community, emphasis on their study is justified. I freely admit that para sitoids have been usefully regarded as predators by ecologists, and many concepts on predation have been derived from their study. Also, in whichever category one places the parasitoids, that is the one which contains the most species. However, from an evolu tionary point of view they show many characteristics that must be regarded as those of a parasite. Notably, they are small, highly specific to their host, highly coevolved with it, as a result many species can coexist, and their adaptive radiation has produced the majority of the species diversity seen on Earth today.

Author : Gerald W. Esch
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 335 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400908376

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Parasite Communities: Patterns and Processes by Gerald W. Esch Pdf

We first discussed the possibility of organizing a symposium on helminth communities in June, 1986. At that time, we were engaged in writing a joint paper on potential structuring mechanisms in helminth communities; we disagreed on a number of issues. We felt the reason for such debate was because the discipline was in a great state of flux, with many new concepts and approaches being introduced with increasing frequency. After consider able discussion about the need, scope and the inevitable limitations of such a symposium, we decided that the time was ripe to bring other ecologists, engaged in similar research, face-to-face. There were many individuals from whom to choose; we selected those who were actively publishing on helminth communities or those who had expertise in areas which we felt were particularly appropriate. We compiled a list of potential participants, contacted them and received unanimous support to organize such a symposium. Our intent was to cover several broad areas, fully recognizing that breadth negates depth (at least with a publisher's limitation on the number of pages). We felt it important to consider patterns amongst different kinds of hosts because this is where we had disagreed among ourselves.

Author : British Ecological Society. Symposium
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 454 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2000-08
Category : Nature
ISBN : 0521549353

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The Ecological Consequences of Environmental Heterogeneity by British Ecological Society. Symposium Pdf

A wide-ranging review of the effects of heterogeneity on individuals, populations, communities and biodiversity.

Author : Robert Poulin
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2011-06-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 1400840805

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Evolutionary Ecology of Parasites by Robert Poulin Pdf

Parasites have evolved independently in numerous animal lineages, and they now make up a considerable proportion of the biodiversity of life. Not only do they impact humans and other animals in fundamental ways, but in recent years they have become a powerful model system for the study of ecology and evolution, with practical applications in disease prevention. Here, in a thoroughly revised and updated edition of his influential earlier work, Robert Poulin provides an evolutionary ecologist's view of the biology of parasites. He sets forth a comprehensive synthesis of parasite evolutionary ecology, integrating information across scales from the features of individual parasites to the dynamics of parasite populations and the structuring of parasite communities. Evolutionary Ecology of Parasites presents an evolutionary framework for the study of parasite biology, combining theory with empirical examples for a broader understanding of why parasites are as they are and do what they do. An up-to-date synthesis of the field, the book is an ideal teaching tool for advanced courses on the subject. Pointing toward promising directions and setting a research agenda, it will also be an invaluable reference for researchers who seek to extend our knowledge of parasite ecology and evolution.

Author : Timothy M. Goater,Cameron P. Goater,Gerald W. Esch
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 515 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780521190282

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Parasitism by Timothy M. Goater,Cameron P. Goater,Gerald W. Esch Pdf

Synthesizes the latest developments in the ecology and evolution of animal parasites for a new generation of parasitologists.

Author : Claude Combes
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 743 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780226114460

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Parasitism by Claude Combes Pdf

In Parasitism, Claude Combes explores the fascinating adaptations parasites have developed through their intimate interactions with their hosts. He begins with the biology of parasites—their life cycles, habitats, and different types of associations with their hosts. Next he discusses genetic interactions between hosts and parasites, and he ends with a section on the community ecology of parasites and their role in the evolution of their hosts. Throughout the book Combes enlivens his discussion with a wealth of concrete examples of host-parasite interactions.