Phase Transitions

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Quantum Phase Transitions

Subir Sachdev
Quantum Phase Transitions Book PDF

Author : Subir Sachdev
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 521 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2011-04-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781139500210

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Quantum Phase Transitions by Subir Sachdev Pdf

Describing the physical properties of quantum materials near critical points with long-range many-body quantum entanglement, this book introduces readers to the basic theory of quantum phases, their phase transitions and their observable properties. This second edition begins with a new section suitable for an introductory course on quantum phase transitions, assuming no prior knowledge of quantum field theory. It also contains several new chapters to cover important recent advances, such as the Fermi gas near unitarity, Dirac fermions, Fermi liquids and their phase transitions, quantum magnetism, and solvable models obtained from string theory. After introducing the basic theory, it moves on to a detailed description of the canonical quantum-critical phase diagram at non-zero temperatures. Finally, a variety of more complex models are explored. This book is ideal for graduate students and researchers in condensed matter physics and particle and string theory.

The Physics of Phase Transitions

Pierre Papon,Jacques Leblond,Paul H.E. Meijer
The Physics of Phase Transitions Book PDF

Author : Pierre Papon,Jacques Leblond,Paul H.E. Meijer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 410 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783662049891

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The Physics of Phase Transitions by Pierre Papon,Jacques Leblond,Paul H.E. Meijer Pdf

The Physics of Phase Transitions occupies an important place at the crossroads of several fields central to materials sciences. This second edition incorporates new developments in the states of matter physics, in particular in the domain of nanomaterials and atomic Bose-Einstein condensates where progress is accelerating. New information and application examples are included. This work deals with all classes of phase transitions in fluids and solids, containing chapters on evaporation, melting, solidification, magnetic transitions, critical phenomena, superconductivity, and more. End-of-chapter problems and complete answers are included.

Phase Transitions

Moshe Gitterman
Phase Transitions Book PDF

Author : Moshe Gitterman
Publisher : World Scientific Publishing Company
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2013-09-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789814520621

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Phase Transitions by Moshe Gitterman Pdf

This book provides a comprehensive review of the theory of phase transitions and its modern applications, based on the five pillars of the modern theory of phase transitions: the Ising model, mean field, scaling, renormalization group and universality. This expanded second edition includes, along with a description of vortices and high temperature superconductivity, a discussion of phase transitions in chemical reactions and moving systems. The book covers the close connection between phase transitions and small world phenomena as well as scale-free systems such as the stock market and the Internet.

Phase Transitions in Materials

Brent Fultz
Phase Transitions in Materials Book PDF

Author : Brent Fultz
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 589 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2014-08-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781107067240

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Phase Transitions in Materials by Brent Fultz Pdf

A clear, concise and rigorous textbook covering phase transitions in the context of advances in electronic structure and statistical mechanics.

Phase Transitions in Cell Biology

Gerald H. Pollack,Wei-Chun Chin
Phase Transitions in Cell Biology Book PDF

Author : Gerald H. Pollack,Wei-Chun Chin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 187 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2008-08-15
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781402086519

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Phase Transitions in Cell Biology by Gerald H. Pollack,Wei-Chun Chin Pdf

Phase transitions occur throughout nature. The most familiar example is the one that occurs in water – the abrupt, discontinuous transition from a liquid to a gas or a solid, induced by a subtle environmental change. Practically magical, the ever-so-slight shift of temperature or pressure can induce an astonishing transition from one entity to another entity that bears little resemblance to the first. So "convenient" a feature is seen throughout the domains of physics and chemistry, and one is therefore led to wonder whether it might also be common to biology. Indeed, many of the most fundamental cellular processes are arguably attributable to radical structural shifts triggered by subtle changes that cross a critical threshold. These processes include transport, motion, signaling, division, and other fundamental aspects of cellular function. Largely on the basis of this radical concept, a symposium was organized in Poitiers, France, to bring together people who have additional evidence for the role of phase transitions in biology, and this book is a compendium of some of the more far-reaching of those presentations, as well as several others that seemed to the editors to be compelling. The book should be suitable for anyone interested in the nature of biological function, particularly those who tire of lumbering along well trodden pathways of pursuit, and are eager to hear something fresh. The book is replete with fresh interpretations of familiar phenomena, and should serve as an excellent gateway to deeper understanding.

Hysteresis and Phase Transitions

Martin Brokate,Jürgen Sprekels
Hysteresis and Phase Transitions Book PDF

Author : Martin Brokate,Jürgen Sprekels
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781461240488

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Hysteresis and Phase Transitions by Martin Brokate,Jürgen Sprekels Pdf

Hysteresis is an exciting and mathematically challenging phenomenon that oc curs in rather different situations: jt, can be a byproduct offundamental physical mechanisms (such as phase transitions) or the consequence of a degradation or imperfection (like the play in a mechanical system), or it is built deliberately into a system in order to monitor its behaviour, as in the case of the heat control via thermostats. The delicate interplay between memory effects and the occurrence of hys teresis loops has the effect that hysteresis is a genuinely nonlinear phenomenon which is usually non-smooth and thus not easy to treat mathematically. Hence it was only in the early seventies that the group of Russian scientists around M. A. Krasnoselskii initiated a systematic mathematical investigation of the phenomenon of hysteresis which culminated in the fundamental monograph Krasnoselskii-Pokrovskii (1983). In the meantime, many mathematicians have contributed to the mathematical theory, and the important monographs of 1. Mayergoyz (1991) and A. Visintin (1994a) have appeared. We came into contact with the notion of hysteresis around the year 1980.

Phase Transitions in Polymers: The Role of Metastable States

Stephen Z.D. Cheng
Phase Transitions in Polymers The Role of Metastable States Book PDF

Author : Stephen Z.D. Cheng
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 324 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2008-09-10
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0080558208

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Phase Transitions in Polymers: The Role of Metastable States by Stephen Z.D. Cheng Pdf

A classical metastable state possesses a local free energy minimum at infinite sizes, but not a global one. This concept is phase size independent. We have studied a number of experimental results and proposed a new concept that there exists a wide range of metastable states in polymers on different length scales where their metastability is critically determined by the phase size and dimensionality. Metastable states are also observed in phase transformations that are kinetically impeded on the pathway to thermodynamic equilibrium. This was illustrated in structural and morphological investigations of crystallization and mesophase transitions, liquid-liquid phase separation, vitrification and gel formation, as well as combinations of these transformation processes. The phase behaviours in polymers are thus dominated by interlinks of metastable states on different length scales. This concept successfully explains many experimental observations and provides a new way to connect different aspects of polymer physics. * Written by a leading scholar and industry expert * Presents new and cutting edge material encouraging innovation and future research * Connects hot topics and leading research in one concise volume

Reconstructive Phase Transitions

Pierre Tol‚dano,Vladimir Dmitriev
Reconstructive Phase Transitions Book PDF

Author : Pierre Tol‚dano,Vladimir Dmitriev
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 424 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Science
ISBN : 9810223641

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Reconstructive Phase Transitions by Pierre Tol‚dano,Vladimir Dmitriev Pdf

This book deals with the phenomenological theory of first-order structural phase transitions, with a special emphasis on reconstructive transformations in which a group-subgroup relationship between the symmetries of the phases is absent. It starts with a unified presentation of the current approach to first-order phase transitions, using the more recent results of the Landau theory of phase transitions and of the theory of singularities. A general theory of reconstructive phase transitions is then formulated, in which the structures surrounding a transition are expressed in terms of density-waves, providing a natural definition of the transition order-parameters, and a description of the corresponding phase diagrams and relevant physical properties. The applicability of the theory is illustrated by a large number of concrete examples pertaining to the various classes of reconstructive transitions: allotropic transformations of the elements, displacive and order-disorder transformations in metals, alloys and related structures, crystal-quasicrystal transformations.

Statistical Mechanics of Phase Transitions

J. M. Yeomans
Statistical Mechanics of Phase Transitions Book PDF

Author : J. M. Yeomans
Publisher : Clarendon Press
Page : 165 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1992-05-07
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9780191589706

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Statistical Mechanics of Phase Transitions by J. M. Yeomans Pdf

The book provides an introduction to the physics which underlies phase transitions and to the theoretical techniques currently at our disposal for understanding them. It will be useful for advanced undergraduates, for post-graduate students undertaking research in related fields, and for established researchers in experimental physics, chemistry, and metallurgy as an exposition of current theoretical understanding. - ;Recent developments have led to a good understanding of universality; why phase transitions in systems as diverse as magnets, fluids, liquid crystals, and superconductors can be brought under the same theoretical umbrella and well described by simple models. This book describes the physics underlying universality and then lays out the theoretical approaches now available for studying phase transitions. Traditional techniques, mean-field theory, series expansions, and the transfer matrix, are described; the Monte Carlo method is covered, and two chapters are devoted to the renormalization group, which led to a break-through in the field. The book will be useful as a textbook for a course in `Phase Transitions', as an introduction for graduate students undertaking research in related fields, and as an overview for scientists in other disciplines who work with phase transitions but who are not aware of the current tools in the armoury of the theoretical physicist. - ;Introduction; Statistical mechanics and thermodynamics; Models; Mean-field theories; The transfer matrix; Series expansions; Monte Carlo simulations; The renormalization group; Implementations of the renormalization group. -

Phase Transitions and Crystal Symmetry

Yurii Aleksandrovich Izyumov,V.N. Syromyatnikov
Phase Transitions and Crystal Symmetry Book PDF

Author : Yurii Aleksandrovich Izyumov,V.N. Syromyatnikov
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 462 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400919204

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Phase Transitions and Crystal Symmetry by Yurii Aleksandrovich Izyumov,V.N. Syromyatnikov Pdf

About half a century ago Landau formulated the central principles of the phe nomenological second-order phase transition theory which is based on the idea of spontaneous symmetry breaking at phase transition. By means of this ap proach it has been possible to treat phase transitions of different nature in altogether distinct systems from a unified viewpoint, to embrace the aforemen tioned transitions by a unified body of mathematics and to show that, in a certain sense, physical systems in the vicinity of second-order phase transitions exhibit universal behavior. For several decades the Landau method has been extensively used to an alyze specific phase transitions in systems and has been providing a basis for interpreting experimental data on the behavior of physical characteristics near the phase transition, including the behavior of these characteristics in systems subject to various external effects such as pressure, electric and magnetic fields, deformation, etc. The symmetry aspects of Landau's theory are perhaps most effective in analyzing phase transitions in crystals because the relevant body of mathemat ics for this symmetry, namely, the crystal space group representation, has been worked out in great detail. Since particular phase transitions in crystals often call for a subtle symmetry analysis, the Landau method has been continually refined and developed over the past ten or fifteen years.

Photoinduced Phase Transitions

K. Nasu
Photoinduced Phase Transitions Book PDF

Author : K. Nasu
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Science
ISBN : 9812565728

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Photoinduced Phase Transitions by K. Nasu Pdf

A new class of insulating solids was recently discovered. Whenirradiated by a few visible photons, these solids give rise to amacroscopic excited domain that has new structural and electronicorders quite different from the starting ground state. This occurrenceis called photoinduced phase transition, and this multi-authoredbook reviews recent theoretical and experimental studies of this newphenomenon.

Lectures On Phase Transitions And The Renormalization Group

Nigel Goldenfeld
Lectures On Phase Transitions And The Renormalization Group Book PDF

Author : Nigel Goldenfeld
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 417 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2018-03-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780429962042

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Lectures On Phase Transitions And The Renormalization Group by Nigel Goldenfeld Pdf

Covering the elementary aspects of the physics of phases transitions and the renormalization group, this popular book is widely used both for core graduate statistical mechanics courses as well as for more specialized courses. Emphasizing understanding and clarity rather than technical manipulation, these lectures de-mystify the subject and show precisely "how things work." Goldenfeld keeps in mind a reader who wants to understand why things are done, what the results are, and what in principle can go wrong. The book reaches both experimentalists and theorists, students and even active researchers, and assumes only a prior knowledge of statistical mechanics at the introductory graduate level.Advanced, never-before-printed topics on the applications of renormalization group far from equilibrium and to partial differential equations add to the uniqueness of this book.

Phase Transitions in Ferroelastic and Co-elastic Crystals

E. K. Salje
Phase Transitions in Ferroelastic and Co elastic Crystals Book PDF

Author : E. K. Salje
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 1993-04-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521429366

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Phase Transitions in Ferroelastic and Co-elastic Crystals by E. K. Salje Pdf

This textbook describes the fundamental principles of structural phase transitions in materials in an easily understandable form, suitable for both undergraduate and graduate students.

Understanding Quantum Phase Transitions

Lincoln Carr
Understanding Quantum Phase Transitions Book PDF

Author : Lincoln Carr
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 756 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2010-11-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781439802618

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Understanding Quantum Phase Transitions by Lincoln Carr Pdf

Quantum phase transitions (QPTs) offer wonderful examples of the radical macroscopic effects inherent in quantum physics: phase changes between different forms of matter driven by quantum rather than thermal fluctuations, typically at very low temperatures. QPTs provide new insight into outstanding problems such as high-temperature superconductivit

Theory of Phase Transitions

Ya. G. Sinai
Theory of Phase Transitions Book PDF

Author : Ya. G. Sinai
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 163 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2014-05-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781483158495

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Theory of Phase Transitions by Ya. G. Sinai Pdf

Theory of Phase Transitions: Rigorous Results is inspired by lectures on mathematical problems of statistical physics presented in the Mathematical Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest. The aim of the book is to expound a series of rigorous results about the theory of phase transitions. The book consists of four chapters, wherein the first chapter discusses the Hamiltonian, its symmetry group, and the limit Gibbs distributions corresponding to a given Hamiltonian. The second chapter studies the phase diagrams of lattice models that are considered at low temperatures. The notions of a ground state of a Hamiltonian and the stability of the set of the ground states of a Hamiltonian are also introduced. Chapter 3 presents the basic theorems about lattice models with continuous symmetry, and Chapter 4 focuses on the second-order phase transitions and on the theory of scaling probability distributions, connected to these phase transitions. Specialists in statistical physics and other related fields will greatly benefit from this publication.