Photo Oxidants Acidification And Tools Policy Applications Of Eurotrac Results

Author : Peter Borrell,Peter Builtjes,Peringe Grennfelt,Oystein Hov
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642591037

Get Book

Photo-oxidants, Acidification and Tools: Policy Applications of EUROTRAC Results by Peter Borrell,Peter Builtjes,Peringe Grennfelt,Oystein Hov Pdf

EUROTRAC is the EUREKA environmental project studying the transport and chemical transformation of pollutants in the troposphere over Europe. At its inception in 1988 it had three aims: * to increase the basic understanding of atmospheric science; * to promote the technological development of sensitive, specific, fast-response instrumentation for environmental research and monitoring; and * to improve the scientific basis for taking future political decisions on environmental management within Europe. It was clear at an early stage, as the fourteen subprojects were formed and more than two hundred research groups in twenty-four countries were incorporated, that the first aim would readily be achieved. An ample demonstration that the early indications were correct is provided in the other volumes in this series which describe the scientific progress made. Substantial progress was also made towards achieving the second aim although some problems were encountered, mainly due to the high cost of the technological development required.

Author : P. Borrell
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:843183822

Get Book

Photo-oxidants, Acidification and Tools : Policy Applications of the EUROTRAC Results by P. Borrell Pdf

Author : Costas Varotsos
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2013-11-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642607974

Get Book

Atmospheric Ozone Dynamics by Costas Varotsos Pdf

An increasing allllo~/allce because of the anthropogenically induced ozone depletion and relevant illcrca5e of the surface ultraviolet (UV) radiation (including erythemal part of the UV spectrum) has resulted in the growth of interest to total ozone (TOZ) surface and satellite observations, surface UV measurements (with an emphasis on UV -B) and. the interpretation of observation results to assess potential impacts of the UV radiation enhancement on man and biosphere. The significance of this phenomenon is diJIcrent in various cowltries. Special attention has been paid, for instance, to ozone depletion and UV radiation increase at high latitudes (this problem has also been discussed during the Workshop). It is equally clear, however, that low and mid-latitude environmental dynamics requires carefuU monitoring and assessment of environm(:ntal trends as well. Such a conclusion is especially true for the Mediterranean Region where numerous resort places are located and subject to excessive levels of Solar Ultraviolet Radiation. This is why the NATO Advanced Rcsearch Workshop "Ground-Level and Satellite Ozone Observations: Changes in the Mediterranean Region" was organized and took place in Athens (Grcccc) during the Lime period 31 October -4 November 1995. It should be pointed out, however, that presentations discussed during the Workshop went far beyond the regional scale of consideration. This has been very important, because it opened an opportwlity to analyse the Mediterrane:an environmental situation in the broader contcx1 of the European global changes.

Author : Elke Kurz-Milcke,Gerd Gigerenzer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 309 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2007-05-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780306479649

Get Book

Experts in Science and Society by Elke Kurz-Milcke,Gerd Gigerenzer Pdf

Taking the viewpoint that experts are consulted when there is something important at stake for an individual, a group, or society at large, this volume explores expertise as a relational concept. In order to be culturally comparative, this volume includes examples and discussions of experts in different countries and even in different time periods. The topics include the roles of political experts, scientific experts, medical experts, and legal experts.

Author : Sven-Erik Gryning,Francis A. Schiermeier
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 737 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2007-05-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780306474606

Get Book

Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XIV by Sven-Erik Gryning,Francis A. Schiermeier Pdf

Proceedings of the Millennium NATO/CCMS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and its Application, held May 15-19 in Boulder, Colorado. This volume is the latest in a series of proceedings dating back to 1971. The book addresses the problem of air pollution and reports the latest findings and developments in air pollution modeling, from a truly international list of contributors.

Author : 0ystein Hov
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 515 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642587290

Get Book

Tropospheric Ozone Research by 0ystein Hov Pdf

One of the principal concerns in recent years regarding the atmospheric environment has been the formation of ozone and other photo-oxidants over much of Europe in the summer. Ozone is formed in the atmosphere by a complex series of chemical reactions in the presence of sunlight from volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides. As the reactions take place in air flows determined by the detailed meteorological situation, the measurement, interpretation, understanding and modelling of the levels, fluxes and origins of the ozone are extremely difficult. The present volume reviews several of the currently important questions and presents detailed reports from investigators all over the continent. As such, it provides insight into the current scientific views about ozone in Europe.

Author : Peter Warneck
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642614453

Get Book

Heterogeneous and Liquid Phase Processes by Peter Warneck Pdf

The "European Experiment on the Transport and Transformation of Environmentally Relevant Trace Constituents over Europe" (EUROTRAC) was established in 1986 to tackle the scientific problem and combine the expertise, knowledge and resources in Europe, in order to apply them over a large region covering the greater part of the continent. EUROTRAC is a coordinated multidisciplinary scientific research project involving field measurements, laboratory studies, instrument development and development of comprehensive computer models for the simulation of the physical and chemical processes in the lower atmosphere.

Author : Sjaak Slanina
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 562 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Nature
ISBN : 3540617116

Get Book

Biosphere-Atmosphere Exchange of Pollutants and Trace Substances by Sjaak Slanina Pdf

The biosphere is the ultimate sink for air pollutants and is also the source of many precursors for the formation of photo-oxidants. In any analysis of air pollution and for determining source-receptor relationships, reliable emission and pollutant concentrations or depositions must be taken into account, together with their interactions between the atmosphere and the biosphere. This book presents a number of authoritative review articles covering topics which include biosphere-atmosphere exchange of ammonia, nitrogen oxides, ozone and sulfur-containing gases, the biological mechanisms involved in the exchange of trace gases, as well as generalizations of deposition over Europe. There are also 37 short contributions that show the diversity of the research in Europe and provide the additional detail necessary for a proper appreciation of the field. This book is volume 4 of the series on Transport and Chemical Transformation of Pollutants in the Troposphere.

Author : Sandro Fuzzi,Dietmar Wagenbach
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 1997-04-18
Category : Nature
ISBN : 3540624961

Get Book

Cloud Multi-phase Processes and High Alpine Air and Snow Chemistry by Sandro Fuzzi,Dietmar Wagenbach Pdf

Among the chemical and physical processes involved in the transformation of pollutants between their sources and their ultimate deposition, those associated with clouds, aerosols and precipitation must be rated as the most difficult both to study and to understand. This book presents a variety of recent advances in this field, including the properties and composition of aerosol particles, chemical transformation and scavenging processes, the relationship between liquid-phase chemistry and cloud micro-physics, entrainment, evaporation and deposition, trends in high Alpine pollution, transport processes, and developments in instrumentation. This book is Volume 5 in the ten-volume series on Transport and Chemical Transformation of Pollutants in the Troposphere.

Author : Adolf Ebel,Rainer Friedrich,Henning Rodhe
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 449 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783662034705

Get Book

Tropospheric Modelling and Emission Estimation by Adolf Ebel,Rainer Friedrich,Henning Rodhe Pdf

The end result of policy-related experimental and theoretical scientific work on the abatement of atmospheric emissions is a hierarchy of computer models that can be used to analyse and predict the behaviour of pollutants on urban, local regional and global scales. Such models are required to simulate an extremely complex natural situation in which a non-linear chemistry must be included together with the vagaries of the meteorology and the terrain. This book describes recent advances in the development and application of models on all scales, and in the techniques for the estimation and verification of emissions. It includes reviews of recent work together with detailed results and provides a useful picture of the field in a European context.

Author : Jens Bösenberg,David J. Brassington
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 420 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 1997-05-23
Category : Nature
ISBN : 354062516X

Get Book

Instrument Development for Atmospheric Research and Monitoring by Jens Bösenberg,David J. Brassington Pdf

This book contains computer-ready algorithms for many standard methods of numerical mathematics, describes the principles of the various methods, and offers support in choosing the appropriate method for a given task. Topics given special emphasis include: converging methods for solving nonlinear equations, methods for solving systems of linear equations for many special matrix structures, and the Shepard method for multidimensional interpolation. The CD contains C-programs for almost all the algorithms given in the book and variants of the algorithms.

Author : Nordic Council Of Ministers Staff
Publisher : Nordic Council of Ministers
Page : 132 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Atmospheric ozone
ISBN : 929120921X

Get Book

Critical Levels for Ozone Experiments with Crops, Wild Plants and Forest Tree Species in the Nordic Countries by Nordic Council Of Ministers Staff Pdf

Author : James Abello,Panos M. Pardalos,Mauricio G.C. Resende
Publisher : Springer
Page : 1209 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2013-12-21
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781461500056

Get Book

Handbook of Massive Data Sets by James Abello,Panos M. Pardalos,Mauricio G.C. Resende Pdf

The proliferation of massive data sets brings with it a series of special computational challenges. This "data avalanche" arises in a wide range of scientific and commercial applications. With advances in computer and information technologies, many of these challenges are beginning to be addressed by diverse inter-disciplinary groups, that indude computer scientists, mathematicians, statisticians and engineers, working in dose cooperation with application domain experts. High profile applications indude astrophysics, bio-technology, demographics, finance, geographi cal information systems, government, medicine, telecommunications, the environment and the internet. John R. Tucker of the Board on Mathe matical Seiences has stated: "My interest in this problern (Massive Data Sets) isthat I see it as the rnost irnportant cross-cutting problern for the rnathernatical sciences in practical problern solving for the next decade, because it is so pervasive. " The Handbook of Massive Data Sets is comprised of articles writ ten by experts on selected topics that deal with some major aspect of massive data sets. It contains chapters on information retrieval both in the internet and in the traditional sense, web crawlers, massive graphs, string processing, data compression, dustering methods, wavelets, op timization, external memory algorithms and data structures, the US national duster project, high performance computing, data warehouses, data cubes, semi-structured data, data squashing, data quality, billing in the large, fraud detection, and data processing in astrophysics, air pollution, biomolecular data, earth observation and the environment.

Author : Zahari Zlatev,Ivan Dimov
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2006-05-02
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 0080462480

Get Book

Computational and Numerical Challenges in Environmental Modelling by Zahari Zlatev,Ivan Dimov Pdf

Many large mathematical models, not only models arising and used in environmental studies, are described by systems of partial differential equations. The discretization of the spatial derivatives in such models leads to the solution of very large systems of ordinary differential equations. These systems contain many millions of equations and have to be handled over large time intervals by applying many time-steps (up to several hundred thousand time-steps). Furthermore, many scenarios are as a rule to be run. This explains the fact that the computational tasks in this situation are enormous. Therefore, it is necessary to select fast numerical methods; to develop parallel codes and, what is most important when the problems solved are very large to organize the computational process in a proper way. The last item (which is very often underestimated but, let us re-iterate, which is very important) is the major topic of this book. In fact, the proper organization of the computational process can be viewed as a preparation of templates which can be used with different numerical methods and different parallel devices. The development of such templates is described in the book. It is also demonstrated that many comprehensive environmental studies can successfully be carried out when the computations are correctly organized. Thus, this book will help the reader to understand better that, while (a) it is very important to select fast numerical methods as well as (b) it is very important to develop parallel codes, this will not be sufficient when the problems solved are really very large. In the latter case, it is also crucial to exploit better the computer architecture by organizing properly the computational process. Use of templates in connection with the treatment of very large models Performance of comprehensive environmental studies Obtaining reliable and robust information about pollution levels Studying the impact of future climatic changes on high pollution levels Investigating trends related to critical levels of pollution

Author : D.F. Karnosky,K.E. Percy,A.H. Chappelka,C. Simpson,J. Pikkarainen
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 492 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2003-12-18
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780080526911

Get Book

Air Pollution, Global Change and Forests in the New Millennium by D.F. Karnosky,K.E. Percy,A.H. Chappelka,C. Simpson,J. Pikkarainen Pdf

The chapters in this book present a snapshot of the state of knowledge of air pollution effects at the beginning of the 21st century. From their different disciplines, a distinguished collection of authors document their understanding of how leaves, trees, and forests respond to air pollutants and climate change. Scenarios of global change and air pollution are described. The authors describe responses of forests to climate variability, tropospheric ozone, rising atmospheric CO2, the combination of CO2 and ozone, and deposition of acidic compounds and heavy metals. The responses to ozone receive particular attention because of increasing concern about its damaging effects and increasing concentrations in rural areas. Scaling issues are addressed - from leaves to trees, from juvenile trees to mature trees, from short-term responses to long-term responses, and from small-scale experiments and observations to large-scale forest ecosystems. This book is one major product of a conference sponsored by the International Union of Forestry Research Organizations, the USDA Forest Service Global Change Northern Stations Program, the Arthur Ross Foundation, NCASI, the Canadian Forest Service, and Michigan Technological University. The conference, held in May 2000 in Houghton, Michigan, USA, was appropriately titled "Air Pollution, Global Change, and Forests in the New Millennium". The Editors, David Karnosky, Kevin Percy, Art Chappelka, Caroline Simpson, and Janet Pikkarainen organized the conference and edited this book.