Polar Icebreakers In A Changing World

Author : National Research Council,Transportation Research Board,Marine Board,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Polar Research Board,Committee on the Assessment of U.S. Coast Guard Polar Icebreaker Roles and Future Needs
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 135 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2007-03-14
Category : Transportation
ISBN : 9780309103213

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Polar Icebreakers in a Changing World by National Research Council,Transportation Research Board,Marine Board,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Polar Research Board,Committee on the Assessment of U.S. Coast Guard Polar Icebreaker Roles and Future Needs Pdf

The United States has enduring national and strategic interests in the polar regions, including citizens living above the Arctic circle and three year-round scientific stations in the Antarctic. Polar icebreaking ships are needed to access both regions. Over the past several decades, the U.S. government has supported a fleet of four icebreakersâ€"three multi-mission U.S. Coast Guard ships (the POLAR SEA, POLAR STAR, and HEALY) and the National Science Foundation's PALMER, which is dedicated solely to scientific research. Today, the POLAR STAR and the POLAR SEA are at the end of their service lives, and a lack of funds and no plans for an extension of the program has put U.S. icebreaking capability at risk. This report concludes that the United States should continue to support its interests in the Arctic and Antarctic for multiple missions, including maintaining leadership in polar science. The report recommends that the United States immediately program, budget, design, and construct two new polar icebreakers to be operated by the U.S. Coast Guard. The POLAR SEA should remain mission capable and the POLAR STAR should remain available for reactivation until the new polar icebreakers enter service. The U.S. Coast Guard should be provided sufficient operations and maintenance budget to support an increased, regular, and influential presence in the Arctic, with support from other agencies. The report also calls for a Presidential Decision Directive to clearly align agency responsibilities and budgetary authorities.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 126 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2024-06-30
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1422322432

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National Academy of Science [sic] icebreaker report : hearing by Anonim Pdf

Author : Ronald O'Rourke
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2010-03
Category : History
ISBN : 9781437919608

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Coast Guard Polar Icebreaker Modernization by Ronald O'Rourke Pdf

Of the Coast Guard¿s (CG) 3 polar icebreakers, 2 ¿ Polar Star and Polar Sea ¿ have exceeded their intended 30-year service lives. Potential policy issues for Congress regarding CG polar icebreaker modernization include: the numbers and capabilities of polar icebreakers the CG will need in the future; whether to provide these icebreakers through construction of new ships or service life extensions of Polar Start and/or Polar Sea; whether new ships should be funded entirely in the Coast Guard budget, or partly or entirely in some other part of the fed. budget; and whether the Polar Star should be repaired and placed back into service. Charts and tables.

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. Subcommittee on Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : History
ISBN : PSU:000058938430

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The National Academy of Science [sic] Icebreaker Report by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. Subcommittee on Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation Pdf

Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Naval Studies Board,Committee on National Security Implications of Climate Change for U.S. Naval Forces
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 190 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2011-05-26
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780309215916

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National Security Implications of Climate Change for U.S. Naval Forces by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Naval Studies Board,Committee on National Security Implications of Climate Change for U.S. Naval Forces Pdf

In response to the Chief of Naval Operations (CNO), the National Research Council appointed a committee operating under the auspices of the Naval Studies Board to study the national security implications of climate change for U.S. naval forces. In conducting this study, the committee found that even the most moderate current trends in climate, if continued, will present new national security challenges for the U.S. Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard. While the timing, degree, and consequences of future climate change impacts remain uncertain, many changes are already underway in regions around the world, such as in the Arctic, and call for action by U.S. naval leadership in response. The terms of reference (TOR) directed that the study be based on Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) scenarios and other peer-reviewed assessment. Therefore, the committee did not address the science of climate change or challenge the scenarios on which the committee's findings and recommendations are based. National Security Implications of Climate Change for U.S. Naval Forces addresses both the near- and long-term implications for U.S. naval forces in each of the four areas of the TOR, and provides corresponding findings and recommendations. This report and its conclusions are organized around six discussion areas--all presented within the context of a changing climate.

Author : Franklyn Griffiths,Rob Huebert,P. Whitney Lackenbauer
Publisher : Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2011-11-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781554584130

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Canada and the Changing Arctic by Franklyn Griffiths,Rob Huebert,P. Whitney Lackenbauer Pdf

Global warming has had a dramatic impact on the Arctic environment, including the ice melt that has opened previously ice-covered waterways. State and non-state actors who look to the region and its resources with varied agendas have started to pay attention. Do new geopolitical dynamics point to a competitive and inherently conflictual “race for resources”? Or will the Arctic become a region governed by mutual benefit, international law, and the achievement of a widening array of cooperative arrangements among interested states and Indigenous peoples? As an Arctic nation Canada is not immune to the consequences of these transformations. In Canada and the Changing Arctic: Sovereignty, Security, and Stewardship, the authors, all leading commentators on Arctic affairs, grapple with fundamental questions about how Canada should craft a responsible and effective Northern strategy. They outline diverse paths to achieving sovereignty, security, and stewardship in Canada’s Arctic and in the broader circumpolar world. The changing Arctic region presents Canadians with daunting challenges and tremendous opportunities. This book will inspire continued debate on what Canada must do to protect its interests, project its values, and play a leadership role in the twenty-first-century Arctic. Forewords by Senator Hugh Segal and former Minister of Foreign Affairs and of National Defence Bill Graham.

Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 96 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Nature
ISBN : UCSD:31822038357620

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International Polar Year by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation Pdf

Author : Doaa Abdel-Motaal
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 333 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2016-09-28
Category : History
ISBN : 9781440848049

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Antarctica by Doaa Abdel-Motaal Pdf

The thawing Antarctic continent offers living space and marine and mineral resources that were previously inaccessible. This book discusses how revisiting the Antarctic Treaty System and dividing up the continent preemptively could spare the world serious conflict. The Antarctic Treaty and related agreements—collectively known as the Antarctic Treaty System (ATS)—regulate the seventh continent, which is the only continent without a native human population. The main treaty within the ATS came into force in 1961 and suspended all territorial claims in Antarctica. The Antarctic Environmental Protocol followed in 1998 and prohibited any minerals exploitation in the continent. With this prohibition up for review in 2048, this book asks whether the Antarctic Treaty can continue to protect Antarctica. Doaa Abdel-Motaal—an expert on environmental issues who has traveled through the Arctic and Antarctic—explains that the international community must urgently turn its attention to examining how to divide up the thawing continent in a peaceful manner. She discusses why the Antarctic Treaty is unlikely to be an adequate measure in the face of international competition for invaluable resources in the 21st century. She argues that factors such as global warming, the growth in climate refugees that the world is about to witness, and the increasingly critical quest for energy resources will make the Antarctic continent a highly sought-after objective. Readers will come to appreciate that what has likely protected Antarctica so far was not the Antarctic Treaty but the continent's harsh climate and isolation. With Antarctica potentially becoming habitable only a few decades from now, revisiting the Antarctic Treaty in favor of an orderly division of the continent is likely to be the best plan for avoiding costly conflict.

Author : National Research Council,Transportation Research Board,Marine Board,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Polar Research Board,Committee on the Assessment of U.S. Coast Guard Polar Icebreaker Roles and Future Needs
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 53 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2006-01-08
Category : Transportation
ISBN : 9780309100694

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Polar Icebreaker Roles and U.S. Future Needs by National Research Council,Transportation Research Board,Marine Board,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Polar Research Board,Committee on the Assessment of U.S. Coast Guard Polar Icebreaker Roles and Future Needs Pdf

The age and condition of the U.S. Coast Guard's polar icebreakers are jeopardizing national security and scientific research in the Arctic and Antarctic, according to an interim report from the National Academies. Because of a shortfall in funding for U.S. polar icebreaking activities, long-term maintenance on these icebreakers has been deferred over the past several years, making the ships inefficient to operate and their technological systems outdated. Congress asked the National Academies to provide a comprehensive assessment of the current and future roles of U.S. Coast Guard polar icebreakers in supporting U.S. operations in the Antarctic and the Arctic, including scenarios for continuing those operations and alternative approaches, the changes in roles and missions of polar icebreakers in the support of all national priorities in the polar regions, and potential changes in the roles of U.S Coast Guard icebreakers in the Arctic that may develop due to environmental change. This brief interim report highlights the most urgent and time-dependent issues, and a final report, expected to be released next summer, will examine the type and number of icebreaking ships that the U.S. requires in the long term and other issues.

Author : Michael Byers,James Baker (Arctic scholar)
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 341 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2013-08
Category : History
ISBN : 9781107042759

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International Law and the Arctic by Michael Byers,James Baker (Arctic scholar) Pdf

Sets out the international law relevant to the Arctic, from indigenous peoples to environmental protection to oil and gas exploration.

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. Subcommittee on Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : PSU:000066769330

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Coast Guard Icebreaking by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. Subcommittee on Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation Pdf

Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 140 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Air
ISBN : MINN:31951D03670064T

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Climate Change Impacts on the Transportation Sector by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation Pdf

Author : Guillermo Auad,Marcel Babin,David A. Balton,Eddy C. Carmack,Robert W. Corell,Dorthe Dahl-Jensen,Andrey V. Dolgov,Edel O. Elvevoll,Elizaveta Ershova,Brian D. Fath,Andrea M. Fisher,Matthias Forwick,Sam Herreid,Alf Håkon Hoel,Grete K. Hovelsrud,Henry P. Huntington,Anne Husebekk,Brendan P. Kelly,Malinda Labriola,Rolf Mjelde,Lars-Otto Reiersen,Kenneth Ruud,Gunnar Sand,Asgeir J. Sørensen,Shirley Tagalik,Andrea Tilche,Frances Ulmer,Francis K. Wiese,Eduard Zdor
Publisher : Fundacion BBVA
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2021-05-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9788492937820

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Whither the Arctic Ocean? by Guillermo Auad,Marcel Babin,David A. Balton,Eddy C. Carmack,Robert W. Corell,Dorthe Dahl-Jensen,Andrey V. Dolgov,Edel O. Elvevoll,Elizaveta Ershova,Brian D. Fath,Andrea M. Fisher,Matthias Forwick,Sam Herreid,Alf Håkon Hoel,Grete K. Hovelsrud,Henry P. Huntington,Anne Husebekk,Brendan P. Kelly,Malinda Labriola,Rolf Mjelde,Lars-Otto Reiersen,Kenneth Ruud,Gunnar Sand,Asgeir J. Sørensen,Shirley Tagalik,Andrea Tilche,Frances Ulmer,Francis K. Wiese,Eduard Zdor Pdf

Climate change in the Arctic Ocean has stirred a remarkable surge of interest and concern. Study after study has revealed the astonishing speed of physical, chemical, ecological, and economic change throughout the expanse of the Arctic. What is more, the consequences of the changing Arctic are not restricted to the Arctic itself, but affect everyone in the Northern Hemisphere, ranging as they do from extreme weather to resource availability and food security, with implications for politics, economics, and sociology. The challenge is to comprehend the full extent and variety of these consequences, and meeting this challenge will demand a multi- and transdisciplinary understanding. Only by this means can we hope to map out a knowledge-based ecosystem and move toward knowledge-based resource management—the essential precondition for any sustainable future. In this book, leading international experts, from many felds of science and across the entire pan-Arctic region, give their specifc takes on where the Arctic Ocean is heading. All have taken care in their writing not to exclude non-experts, in the conviction that multi- and transdisciplinarity can only be achieved when communication and outreach are not tribal in nature. The recurrent guiding theme throughout these pages is “Whith -er the Arctic Ocean?” Taken in concert, the essays synthesize the current state of scientifc knowledge to project how climate change may impact on the Arctic Ocean and the continents around it. How can and how should we prepare for the imminent future that is already lapping at the threshold of the commons? What readers will hopefully take from this multi- and transdisciplinary endeavor is not the individual perspective of each contribution, but the picture that emerges across the entire suite of essays. As we move into a near future that will encompass both the probable and surprises, this book attempts to conjure the multi-dimensional space in which a sustainable future must be brought into being.

Author : Harry N. Scheiber,Jin-Hyun Paik
Publisher : Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
Page : 569 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2013-05-01
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789004220218

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Regions, Institutions, and Law of the Sea by Harry N. Scheiber,Jin-Hyun Paik Pdf

Regions, Institutions, and Law of the Sea: Studies in Ocean Governance offers fresh perspectives both on issues specific to major ocean regions, and on the nature and functions of institutions that implement the legal order of the oceans. Of special interest is a set of chapters by distinguished scholars and jurists providing nuanced analysis of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea as a key actor in the institutional and regime structure. Other expert authors contribute timely analysis of specific ocean uses in the context of implementation of "soft" and "hard" law. Piracy, global warming and ecosystem challenges, geo-engineering, control of pollution in shipping operations, Seabed Authority policy, and performance of the UN Regional Seas Programme are among key issues presented in both their regional and legal dimensions. Also considered in depth are law, ocean policy, and the operation of international organizations in Northeast Asia, Latin America, the Indian Ocean region, the African coastal areas, and the Arctic. The accessibility of subject matter and the readability of the text's 26 chapters enhance the value of this book as an important addition to the literature. Regions, Institutions, and Law of the Sea is the latest publication of the Law of the Sea Institute at UC Berkeley, a major voice in the global debates of contemporary ocean law and policy. Inha University-Incheon was a major co-sponsor of the project.

Author : Nick Veronica
Publisher : Gareth Stevens Publishing LLLP
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2016-12-15
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 9781482457827

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Icebreakers by Nick Veronica Pdf

Traveling by boat in cold climates would be extremely difficult without icebreakers. These special boats help create paths in ice that allow other vessels to travel frigid, ice-filled waters to deliver people and supplies to places often inaccessible without their hard work. Readers will dive in to explore how icebreakers work and what special tools they have to keep other boats safe in the water. Full-color photographs show icebreakers leading ships to Antarctica and other ice breaking projects while exploring the other places these boats work around the world.