Political Islam In Syria

Author : Line Khatib
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2012-05-23
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781136661778

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Islamic Revivalism in Syria by Line Khatib Pdf

Contemporary studies on Syria assume that the country’s Ba’thist regime has been effective in subduing its Islamic opposition, placing Syria at odds with the Middle East’s larger trends of rising Islamic activism and the eclipse of secular ideologies as the primary source of political activism. Yet this assumption founders when confronted with the clear resurgence in Islamic militantism in the country since 2004. This book examines Syria’s current political reality as regards its Islamic movement, describing the country’s present day Islamic groups – particularly their social profile and ideology – and offering an explanation of their resurgence. The analysis focuses on: Who are today’s Syrian Islamic groups? Why and how are they re-emerging after 22 years of relative silence as an important socio-economic and political force? How is the Syrian state dealing with their re-emergence in light of Syria’s secularism and ideologically diverse society? Bridging area studies, Islamic studies, and political science, this book will be an important reference for those working within the fields of Comparative Politics, Political Economy, and Middle Eastern Studies.

Author : Salām Kawākibī
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 9 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : European Union countries
ISBN : 9290797231

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Political Islam in Syria by Salām Kawākibī Pdf

Author : Naomí Ramírez Díaz
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2017-09-06
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781351789479

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The Muslim Brotherhood in Syria by Naomí Ramírez Díaz Pdf

Anyone who follows world events has heard of the Muslim Brotherhood. Usually considered a fundamentalist religious organisation opposed to secular regimes, the so-called Arab Spring began to challenge this conception, and showed the MB’s commitment to democratic principles and elections, albeit with certain difficulties. Until now though, most analysis has focused on the Egyptian branch – the group that gave spiritual birth to the local branches in other countries – with very little having been studied about the Syrian Muslim Brotherhood, especially since the Hama massacre of 1982 and the formal disappearance of the group from Syria. This book provides a deep insight into the Syrian Muslim Brotherhood’s ideological evolution from its inception until present-day. Since Syria has unfortunately become the place where all forms of Islamism converge, understanding the SMB, their ideological evolution, and their potential role as moderating forces, is essential in order to debunk some clichés on the MB in general. Each chapter corresponds to a specific period in the SMB’s timeline, while the final chapter discusses how the endemic gerontocracy of the group calls for an urgent renovation of structures, and stresses the importance of younger generations in renovating the ideology of the SMB. Through the examination of original primary sources written by the SMB themselves, and relevant groups related to them, this book challenges the traditional categories applied to Islamist movements. It will therefore be a key resource for anyone studying Islamist movements, as well as for students and scholars of Middle East and North African Politics.

Author : Kumai Kokash
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 20 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2020-11-23
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783346300638

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Secularism and Political Islam in Syria. Does (Political) Islam constitute an obstacle to the secularization process of Syria? by Kumai Kokash Pdf

Seminar paper from the year 2018 in the subject Politics - Region: Near East, Near Orient, grade: 1,0, Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, course: Modernity and Islam - Status of Relationship: "It's Complicated", language: English, abstract: In this paper it will be examined that Islam is a stumbling block in the way of the secularization process in Syria. Syria is choosen firsty, because many scholars and writers actually claim that Syria is already a secularist country which is a highly controversial and debatable claim. Secondly, because the (political) Islam in Syria does not have the same power it has in other Muslim Arabic countries and this makes Syria a somehow good candidate for becoming a secularist country. This paper contains four main chapters and it is structured as follows: After the introduction, in the first chapter secularism and secularization is briefly defined and then it will explained why the religion Islam and the (political) Islam cannot be separated. In the second chapter it is presented the point of view which says that Islam is deep inside incompatible with secularism. On the contrary side, namely in the third chapter, it is presented the other point of view which claims that Islam can very well come along with secularism. The fourth chapter will be the conclusion. Furthermore, a connection with Syria based on the content of the chapters will be made at the end of the first and the last chapter.

Author : Salam Kawakibi
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1376492580

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Political Islam in Syria by Salam Kawakibi Pdf

Syria is almost unique among Arab states in that the only variant of political Islam to be found here is state-sanctioned. This paper observes how the trends, tendencies and central figures of political Islam in Syria have positioned themselves with regard to relations with Europe, the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership and European Neighbourhood Policy. Based on a series of (anonymous) interviews with both 'independent' and more government-linked sources, Salam Kawakibi traces the evolution of political Islam in Syria, the growth of civil society agitation and the revival of practices of faith in this country. No party, no organization and no individual within the country can claim to be both a representative of political Islam and independent, states this author in exile.

Author : Umar F. Abd-Allah
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 1983
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015008557160

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The Islamic Struggle in Syria by Umar F. Abd-Allah Pdf

Syria has always played a pivotal role in Middle Eastern affairs, but most Westerners have never had a very clear understanding of the prevailing conditions there. The Islamic Struggle in Syria is a pioneering work that seeks to illuminate some important aspects on contemporary Syrian reality. It focuses on the bitter struggle between the Syrian Islamic Front and the repressive Ba'thist regime of Late Hafiz Asad. Dr. Abd-Allah provides valuable information on the leaders, ideology, and program of the Syrian Islamic Front as well as a history of the Muslim Brotherhood in Syria and sketches of some its leaders, including Mustafa as-Sibai, Isam al-Attar, and Marwan Hadid. At the same time, he touches on a number of important topics: the continuing nature of superpower intrigue and intervention in the Middle East, the importance of the sectarian factor in Syrina politics, the origins and antecedents of the Ba'thist regime, the ambiguous role played by Hafiz Asad vis-a-vis Israel and the Palestinian cause, the role Syrian has played in Lebanese affairs, and Syria's relations with other countries in the region.

Author : John Haldon
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 227 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2016-04-22
Category : History
ISBN : 9781317094241

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Money, Power and Politics in Early Islamic Syria by John Haldon Pdf

The transformation of the eastern provinces of the Roman empire from the middle of the seventh century CE under the impact of Islam has attracted a good deal of scholarly attention in recent years, and as more archaeological material becomes available, has been subject to revision and rethinking in ways that radically affect what we know or understand about the area, about state-building and the economy and society of the early Islamic world, and about issues such as urbanisation, town-country relations, the ways in which a different religious culture impacted on the built environment, and about politics. This volume represents the fruits of a workshop held at Princeton University in May 2007 to discuss the ways in which recent work has affected our understanding of the nature of economic and exchange activity in particular, and the broader implications of these advances for the history of the region.

Author : Raphael Lefevre
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2013-10-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780199365456

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Ashes of Hama by Raphael Lefevre Pdf

When the convulsions of the Arab Spring first became manifest in Syria in March 2011, the Ba'athist regime was quick to blame the protests on the "Syrian Muslim Brotherhood" and its "al-Qaeda affiliates." But who are these Islamists so determined to rule a post-Assad Syria? Little has been published on militant Islam in Syria since Hafez Assad's regime destroyed the Islamist movement in its stronghold of Hama in February 1982. This book bridges that gap by providing readers with the first comprehensive account of the Syrian Muslim Brotherhood's history to date. In this ground-breaking account of Syria's most prominent, yet highly secretive, Islamist organisation, the author draws on previously untapped sources: the memoirs of former Syrian jihadists; British and American archives; and also a series of wide-ranging interviews with the Syrian Muslim Brotherhood's historical leaders as well as those who battled against them--many speaking on the record for the first time. Ashes of Hama uncovers the major aspects of the Islamist struggle: from the Brotherhood's radicalisation and its "jihad" against the Ba'athist regime and subsequent exile, to a spectacular comeback at the forefront of the Syrian revolution in 2011--a remarkable turnaround for an Islamist movement which all analysts had pronounced dead amid the ruins of Hama in 1982.

Author : Shadi Hamid,William McCants
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2017-07-17
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780190649227

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Rethinking Political Islam by Shadi Hamid,William McCants Pdf

For years, scholars hypothesized about what Islamists might do if they ever came to power. Now, they have answers: confusing ones. In the Levant, ISIS established a government by brute force, implementing an extreme interpretation of Islamic law. On the opposite end of the spectrum, Tunisia's Ennahda Party governed in coalition with two secular parties, ratified a liberal constitution, and voluntarily stepped down from power. In Egypt, the Muslim Brotherhood, the world's oldest Islamist movement, won power through free elections only to be ousted by a military coup. The strikingly disparate results of Islamist movements have challenged conventional wisdom on political Islam, forcing experts and Islamists to rethink some of their most basic assumptions. In Rethinking Political Islam, two of the leading scholars on Islamism, Shadi Hamid and William McCants, have gathered a group of leading specialists in the field to explain how an array of Islamist movements across the Middle East and Asia have responded. Unlike ISIS and other jihadist groups that garner the most media attention, these movements have largely opted for gradual change. Their choices, however, have been reshaped by the revolutionary politics of the region. The groups depicted in the volume capture the contradictions, successes, and failures of Islamism, providing a fascinating window into a rapidly changing Middle East. It is the first book to systematically assess the evolution of mainstream Islamist groups since the Arab uprisings and the rise of ISIS, covering 12 country cases. In each instance, contributors address key questions, including: gradual versus revolutionary approaches to change; the use of tactical or situational violence; attitudes toward the nation-state; and how ideology, religion, and political variables interact. For the first time in book form, readers will also hear directly from Islamist activists and leaders themselves, as they offer their own perspectives on the future of their movements. Islamists will have the opportunity to challenge the assumptions and arguments of some of the leading scholars of Islamism, in the spirit of constructive dialogue. Rethinking Political Islam includes three of the most important country cases outside the Middle East-Indonesia, Malaysia, and Pakistan-allowing readers to consider a greater diversity of Islamist experiences. The book's contributors have immersed themselves in the world of political Islam and conducted original research in the field, resulting in rich accounts of what animates Islamist behavior.

Author : Thomas Pierret
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 293 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2013-03-25
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781139620062

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Religion and State in Syria by Thomas Pierret Pdf

While Syria has been dominated since the 1960s by a determinedly secular regime, the 2011 uprising has raised many questions about the role of Islam in the country's politics. This book demonstrates that with the eradication of the Muslim Brothers after the failed insurrection of 1982, Sunni men of religion became the only voice of the Islamic trend in the country. Through educational programs, charitable foundations and their deft handling of tribal and merchant networks, they took advantage of popular disaffection with secular ideologies to increase their influence over society. In recent years, with the Islamic resurgence, the Alawi-dominated Ba'thist regime was compelled to bring the clergy into the political fold. This relationship was exposed in 2011 by the division of the Sunni clergy between regime supporters, bystanders and opponents. This book affords a new perspective on Syrian society as it stands at the crossroads of political and social fragmentation.

Author : Andrew W. H. Ashdown
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2020-11-25
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781000244793

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Christian–Muslim Relations in Syria by Andrew W. H. Ashdown Pdf

Offering an authoritative study of the plural religious landscape in modern Syria and of the diverse Christian and Muslim communities that have cohabited the country for centuries, this volume considers a wide range of cultural, religious and political issues that have impacted the interreligious dynamic, putting them in their local and wider context. Combining fieldwork undertaken within government-held areas during the Syrian conflict with critical historical and Christian theological reflection, this research makes a significant contribution to understanding Syria’s diverse religious landscape and the multi-layered expressions of Christian-Muslim relations. It discusses the concept of sectarianism and how communal dynamics are crucial to understanding Syrian society. The complex wider issues that underlie the relationship are examined, including the roles of culture and religious leadership; and it questions whether the analytical concept of sectarianism is adequate to describe the complex communal frameworks in the Middle Eastern context. Finally, the study examines the contributions of contemporary Eastern Christian leaders to interreligious discourse, concluding that the theology and spirituality of Eastern Christianity, inhabiting the same cultural environment as Islam, is uniquely placed to play a major role in interreligious dialogue and in peace-making. The book offers an original contribution to knowledge and understanding of the changing Christian-Muslim dynamic in Syria and the region. It should be a key resource to students, scholars and readers interested in religion, current affairs and the Middle East.

Author : David Dean Commins
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Islam
ISBN : 9780195061031

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Islamic Reform by David Dean Commins Pdf

This book examines Syria's religious, intellectual, and political history during the period of transformation before World War I. Focusing on an attempt to reform Islamic belief and practice at the turn of the century, Commins shows how the reformers used debates over the religious law of Islam to advance their visions of a progressive Islamic state. Based on a wide variety of previously unpublished sources, the book will shed new light on a period that is of considerable importance for the modern history of the Middle East. -- Publisher description.

Author : Michael Kerr,Craig Larkin
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 404 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780190458119

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The Alawis of Syria by Michael Kerr,Craig Larkin Pdf

Throughout the turbulent history of the Levant the 'Alawis - a secretive, resilient and ancient Muslim sect - have aroused suspicion and animosity, including accusations of religious heresy. More recently they have been tarred with the brush of political separatism and complicity in the excesses of the Assad regime, claims that have gained greater traction since the onset of the Syrian uprising and subsequent devastating civil war. The contributors to this book provide a complex and nuanced reading of Syria's 'Alawi communities -from loyalist gangs (Shabiha) to outspoken critics of the regime. Drawing upon wide-ranging research that examines the historic, political and social dynamics of the 'Alawi and the Syrian state, the current tensions are scrutinised and fresh insights offered. Among the themes addressed are religious practice, social identities, and relations to the Ba'ath party, the Syrian state and the military apparatus. The analysis also extends to Lebanon with a focus on the embattled 'Alawi community of Jabal Mohsen in Tripoli and state relations with Hizballah amid the current crisis.

Author : Ferran Izquierdo Brichs,John Etherington,Laura Feliu
Publisher : Springer
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2017-07-31
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9783319528335

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Political Islam in a Time of Revolt by Ferran Izquierdo Brichs,John Etherington,Laura Feliu Pdf

This book explores the increasing political and social prominence of Islamist groups across the Middle East in recent years. The aftermath of the 2011 uprisings saw some groups access or even control political institutions through success at the ballot box, while there has also been a marked resurgence of armed Islamist groups that have had profound effects at both the national and regional level. This volume helps us to understand the nature and development of organised political Islam over recent decades in several key Arab and Mediterranean countries: Mauritania, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Syria, Lebanon, the Palestinian Territories, and Turkey. The book identifies the central social and political Islamist actors, traces their ideological differences and similarities, and analyses power relations both within and between these organizations in the context of political instability and uncertainty. It will be of interest to students and scholars across a broad range of disciplines including political science, sociology, and international relations.

Author : Carsten Wieland
Publisher : C. HURST & CO. PUBLISHERS
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : History
ISBN : 1850658013

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Syria at Bay by Carsten Wieland Pdf

Immediately after the US-led invasion of Iraq, which was opposed by the Syrian government of Bashar al-Asad, there were real fears that Damascus would be next in line for regime change. This perception was reinforced by Washingtons rhetoric and its claims that the post-invasion Iraqi insurgency was being assisted by the Syrian intelligence service. Wieland argues that the West must not ignore Syrias robust tradition of secularism, and cautions that US attempts to undermine the current regime may, paradoxically, embolden the Islamists and help the regime to maintain its authoritarian grip on power.