Russian Speakers In Post Soviet Latvia

Author : Ammon Cheskin
Publisher : Edinburgh University Press
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2016-01-18
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781474409995

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Russian-Speakers in Post-Soviet Latvia by Ammon Cheskin Pdf

The political shocks of the 2014 Ukrainian crisis have been felt in many former Soviet countries, not least Latvia, where over 35 per cent of the population are native Russian speakers. At a time when analysts and commentators are unsure about Russia's future plans to intervene on behalf of their 'compatriots', this study provides a detailed political and cultural analysis of Russian-speaking identity in Latvia. By using Russian-speakers in Latvia as a specific case study, this volume also offers a fresh methodological approach to the study of discourses and discursive strategies. It outlines a coherent methodology to study the evolution of discourses over time, rather than a single de-contextualised and static time period. Drawing on media analysis, elite interviews, focus groups and survey data, this volume situates the identity strategies of Russian speakers within the transformations of the post-Soviet era. By assessing political, cultural and economic links with their home state (Latvia) and their potential kin-state (Russia), it offers important insights into the complex identity positions of Latvia's Russian speakers, and how these positions have evolved in Latvia since the late Soviet period. At a historical moment when many will question the loyalty of Russian speakers to their various 'host states', this book provides a timely, scholarly account of ethnic politics in Latvia. It also offers a methodological framework that allows for the mapping of trends in discursive strategies, exploring how they evolve through time.

Author : Ammon Cheskin,Angela Kachuyevski
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2021-05-13
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781000330809

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The Russian-speaking Populations in the Post-Soviet Space by Ammon Cheskin,Angela Kachuyevski Pdf

In the wake of Russia’s annexation of Crimea, this volume examines the relationship Russia has with its so-called ‘compatriots abroad’. Based on research from Belarus, Estonia, Kazakhstan, Latvia and Ukraine, the authors examine complex relationships between these individuals, their home states, and the Russian Federation. Russia stands out globally as a leading sponsor of kin-state nationalism, vociferously claiming to defend the interests of its so-called diaspora, especially the tens of millions of ethnic Russians and Russian speakers who reside in the countries that were once part of the Soviet Union. However, this volume shifts focus away from the assertive diaspora politics of the Russian state, towards the actual groups of Russian speakers in the post-Soviet space themselves. In a series of empirically grounded studies, the authors examine complex relationships between ‘Russians’, their home-states and the Russian Federation. Using evidence from Belarus, Estonia, Kazakhstan, Latvia, and Ukraine, the findings demonstrate multifaceted levels of belonging and estrangement with spaces associated with Russia and the new, independent states in which Russian speakers live. By focusing on language, media, politics, identity and quotidian interactions, this collection provides a wealth of material to help understand contemporary kin-state policies and their impact on group identities and behaviour. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of Europe-Asia Studies.

Author : Kevin M. F. Platt
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 341 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2024-02-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9781501773723

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Border Conditions by Kevin M. F. Platt Pdf

Border Conditions combines history and memory studies with literary and cultural studies to examine lives at the limits of contemporary Europe: Russian speakers living in Latvia. Since the fall of the USSR in 1991, Latvia's Russian speakers have balanced between Russia and Europe as well as a socialist past, a capitalist and liberal present, and an illiberal regime rising in the Russian Federation. Kevin M. F. Platt describes how members of this population have defined themselves through art, literature, cultural institutions, film, and music—and how others have sought to define them. At the end of the Cold War, many anticipated that societies globally could agree on the meaning of past history and a just politics in the present. The view from the borders of Europe demonstrates the contradictions pertaining to terms like empire, state socialism, liberalism, and nation that have made it impossible to achieve a consensus. In refocusing the examination of state socialism's aftermath around questions of empire and postcolonialism, Border Conditions helps us understand the distinctions between Russian and Western worldviews driving military confrontation to this day.

Author : David D. Laitin
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 436 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Foreign Language Study
ISBN : 0801484952

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Identity in Formation by David D. Laitin Pdf

Laitin portrays these Russian-speakers as a "beached diaspora" since the populations did not cross international borders; the borders themselves receded. He asks what will become of these populations. Will they learn the languages of the republics in which they live and prepare their children for assimilation? Will they return to a homeland many have never seen? Or will they become loyal citizens of the new republics while maintaining a Russian identity?

Author : Jennie L. Schulze
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2018-03-16
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780822983095

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Strategic Frames by Jennie L. Schulze Pdf

Strategic Frames analyzes minority policies in Estonia and Latvia following their independence from the Soviet Union. It weighs the powerful influence of both Europe and Russia on their policy choices, and how this intersected with the costs and benefits of policy changes for the politicians in each state. Prior to EU accession, policymakers were slow to adopt minority-friendly policies for ethnic Russians despite mandates from the European Union. These initiatives faced majority opposition, and politicians sought to maintain the status quo and their positions. As Jennie L. Schulze reveals, despite the credit given to the democratizing influence of European institutions, they have rarely produced significant policy changes alone, and then only when domestic constraints were low. Whenever domestic opposition was high, Russian frames were crucial for the passage of reforms. In these cases, Russia’s activism on behalf of Russian speakers reinforced European frames, providing powerful justifications for reform. Schulze’s attention to both the strategic framing and counter framing of external actors explains the controversies, delays, and suboptimal outcomes surrounding the passage of “conditional” amendments in both cases, as well as the local political climate postaccession. Strategic Frames offers a significant reference on recent developments in two former Soviet states and the rapidly evolving spheres of political influence in the postindependence era that will serve students, scholars, and policymakers alike.

Author : Aneta Pavlenko
Publisher : Multilingual Matters
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781847690876

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Multilingualism in Post-Soviet Countries by Aneta Pavlenko Pdf

In the past two decades, post-Soviet countries have emerged as a contested linguistic space, where disagreements over language and education policies have led to demonstrations, military conflicts and even secession. This collection offers an up-to-date comparative analysis of language and education policies and practices in post-Soviet countries.

Author : Jorn Holm-hansen
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 311 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2019-04-16
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780429721502

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Nation Building And Ethnic Integration In Post-soviet Societies by Jorn Holm-hansen Pdf

Of all the states of the former Soviet Union, it is in Latvia and in Kazakstan that the titular nation represents the lowest share of the total population: as of 1997, approximately 57 per cent in Latvia and 50 per cent in Kazakstan. In such a situation it is difficult to see how the titular (Latvian, Kazak) culture can serve as a consolidating ele

Author : Arto Mustajoki,Ekaterina Protassova,Maria Yelenevskaya
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 262 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2019-06-12
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780429592294

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The Soft Power of the Russian Language by Arto Mustajoki,Ekaterina Protassova,Maria Yelenevskaya Pdf

Exploring Russian as a pluricentric language, this book provides a panoramic view of its use within and outside the nation and discusses the connections between language, politics, ideologies, and cultural contacts. Russian is widely used across the former Soviet republics and in the diaspora, but speakers outside Russia deviate from the metropolis in their use of the language and their attitudes towards it. Using country case studies from across the former Soviet Union and beyond, the contributors analyze the unifying role of the Russian language for developing transnational connections and show its value in the knowledge economy. They demonstrate that centrifugal developments of Russian and its pluricentricity are grounded in the language and education policies of their host countries, as well as the goals and functions of cultural institutions, such as schools, media, travel agencies, and others created by émigrés for their co-ethnics. This book also reveals the tensions between Russia’s attempts to homogenize the 'Russian world' and the divergence of regional versions of Russian reflecting cultural hybridity of the diaspora. Interdisciplinary in its approach, this book will prove useful to researchers of Russian and post-Soviet politics, Russian studies, Russian language and culture, linguistics, and immigration studies. Those studying multilingualism and heritage language teaching may also find it interesting.

Author : Rita Kaša,Inta Mieriņa
Publisher : Springer
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2019-05-08
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9783030120924

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The Emigrant Communities of Latvia by Rita Kaša,Inta Mieriņa Pdf

This open access volume examines experiences of contemporary Latvian migrants, thereby focusing on reasons for emigration, processes of integration in their host countries, and – in the case of return migration - re-integration in their home country. In the context of European migration, the book describes the case of Latvia, which is interesting due to the multiple waves of excessive emigration, continuously high migration potential among European Union member states, and diverse migrant characteristics. It provides a fascinating insight into the social and psychological aspects linked to migration in a comparative context. The data in this volume is rich in providing individual level perspectives of contemporary Latvian migrants by addressing issues such as emigrants’ economic, social and cultural inclusion in the host country, ties with the home country and culture, interaction with public authorities both in the host and home country, political views, and perspectives on the permanent settlement in migration or return. Through topics such as assimilation of children, relationships between emigrants representing different emigration waves, the complex identities and attachments of minority emigrants, and the role of culture and media in identity formation and presentation, this book addresses topics that any contemporary emigrant community is faced with.

Author : Michele E. Commercio
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2011-06-06
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780812204704

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Russian Minority Politics in Post-Soviet Latvia and Kyrgyzstan by Michele E. Commercio Pdf

The collapse of the Soviet Union suddenly rendered ethnic Russians living in non-Russian successor states like Latvia and Kyrgyzstan new minorities subject to dramatic political, economic, and social upheaval. As elites in these new states implemented formal policies and condoned informal practices that privileged non-Russians, ethnic Russians had to react. In Russian Minority Politics in Post-Soviet Latvia and Kyrgyzstan, Michele E. Commercio draws on extensive field research, including hundreds of personal interviews, to analyze the responses of minority Russians to such policies and practices. In particular, she focuses on the role played by formal and informal institutions in the crystallization of Russian attitudes, preferences, and behaviors in these states. Commercio asks why there is more out-migration and less political mobilization among Russians in Kyrgyzstan, a state that adopts policies that placate both Kyrgyz and Russians, and less out-migration and more political mobilization among Russians in Latvia, a state that adopts policies that favor Latvians at the expense of Russians. Challenging current thinking, she suggests that the answer to this question lies in the power of informal networks. After the fall of the Soviet Union, the Communist party, Komsomol youth organization, and KGB networks were transformed into informal networks. Russians in Kyrgyzstan were for various reasons isolated from such networks, and this isolation restricted their access to the country's private sector, making it difficult for them to create effective associations capable of representing their interests. This resulted in a high level of Russian exit and the silencing of Russian voices. In contrast, Russians in Latvia were well connected to such networks, which provided them with access to the country's private sector and facilitated the establishment of political parties and nongovernmental organizations that represented their interests. This led to a low level of Russian exit and high level of Russian voice. Commercio concludes that informal networks have a stronger influence on minority politics than formal institutions.

Author : Pål Kolstø,Andrei Edemsky
Publisher : Indiana University Press
Page : 362 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : History
ISBN : 0253329175

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Russians in the Former Soviet Republics by Pål Kolstø,Andrei Edemsky Pdf

The break-up of the Soviet Union in 1989 left 25 million Russians living in the 'near abroad', outside the borders of Russia proper. They have become the subjects of independent nation-states where the majority population is ethnically, linguistically, and often denominationally different. The creation of this 'new Russian diaspora' may well be the most significant minority problem created by the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Paul Kolstoe traces the growth and role of the Russian population in non-Russian areas of the Russian empire and then in the non-Russian Soviet republics. In the post-Soviet period special attention is devoted to the situation of Russians in the Baltic countries, Moldova, Belarus, Ukraine and the former Central Asian and Caucasian republics. A chapter written jointly by Paul Kolstoe and Andrei Edemsky of the Institute of Slavonic and Balkan Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, delineates present Russian policy toward the diaspora. Finally, Kolstoe suggests strategies for averting the repetition of the Yugoslav scenario on post-Soviet soil.

Author : Gabrielle Hogan-Brun
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 168 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Baltic States
ISBN : IND:30000126766884

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Language Politics and Practices in the Baltic States by Gabrielle Hogan-Brun Pdf

Author : Sue Wright
Publisher : Multilingual Matters
Page : 100 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Foreign Language Study
ISBN : 1853594636

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Language Policy and Language Issues in the Successor States of the Former USSR by Sue Wright Pdf

This book looks at the question of language rights: the rights of minorities to remain monolingual if they so wish and the rights of governments to promote the language of the majority as the language of the state. The central question is once again the thorny problem of whether linguistic rights are fundamental human rights, and therefore inalienable and individual, or whether they are group rights, since communication necessarily involves more than one individual. The context of this discussion is the situation of the Russian speakers in Latvia and Kyrgyzstan.

Author : Ksenia Maksimovtsova
Publisher : Ibidem Press
Page : 514 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2019-05-28
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 3838212827

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Language Conflicts in Contemporary Estonia, Latvia, and Ukraine by Ksenia Maksimovtsova Pdf

How are language policy and usage politicized in contemporary Estonia, Latvia, and Ukraine? This study presents a cross-cultural qualitative and quantitative analysis of publications in leading Russian-language blogs and news websites of these three post-Soviet states during the period of 2004-2017.

Author : Ksenia Maksimovtsova
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 507 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDY
ISBN : 383827282X

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Language Conflicts in Contemporary Estonia, Latvia, and Ukraine by Ksenia Maksimovtsova Pdf

Language policy and usage in the post-communist region have continually attracted wide political, media, and expert attention since the disintegration of the USSR in 1991. How are these issues politicized in contemporary Estonia, Latvia, and Ukraine? This study presents a cross-cultural qualitative and quantitative analysis of publications in leading Russian-language blogs and news websites of these three post-Soviet states during the period of 2004-2017. The most notable difference observed between Ukraine and the two Baltic countries is that many Russian-writing users in Ukraine's internet tend to support the position that the state language, i.e. Ukrainian, is discriminated against and needs special protection by the state, whereas the majority of the Russian-speaking commentators on selected Estonian and Latvian news websites advocate for introducing Russian as a second state language. Despite attempts of Ukraine's government to Ukrainize public space, the position of Ukrainian is still perceived, even by many Russian-writing commentators and bloggers, as being "precarious" and "vulnerable". This became especially visible in debates after the Revolution of Dignity, when the number of supporters of the introduction of Russian as second state language significantly decreased. In the Russian-language sector of Estonian and Latvian news websites and blogs, in contrast, the majority of online users continually reproduce the image of "victims" of nation-building. They often claim that their political, as well as economic rights, are significantly limited in comparison to ethnic Estonians and Latvians.