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Author : Douglas C. Hansen,Hugh Solomon Isaacs
Publisher : The Electrochemical Society
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Science
ISBN : 1566773024
Author : Paula M. Vilarinho,Yossi Rosenwaks,Angus Kingon
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 503 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2006-06-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402030192
As the characteristic dimensions of electronic devices continue to shrink, the ability to characterize their electronic properties at the nanometer scale has come to be of outstanding importance. In this sense, Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM) is becoming an indispensable tool, playing a key role in nanoscience and nanotechnology. SPM is opening new opportunities to measure semiconductor electronic properties with unprecedented spatial resolution. SPM is being successfully applied for nanoscale characterization of ferroelectric thin films. In the area of functional molecular materials it is being used as a probe to contact molecular structures in order to characterize their electrical properties, as a manipulator to assemble nanoparticles and nanotubes into simple devices, and as a tool to pattern molecular nanostructures. This book provides in-depth information on new and emerging applications of SPM to the field of materials science, namely in the areas of characterisation, device application and nanofabrication of functional materials. Starting with the general properties of functional materials the authors present an updated overview of the fundamentals of Scanning Probe Techniques and the application of SPM techniques to the characterization of specified functional materials such as piezoelectric and ferroelectric and to the fabrication of some nano electronic devices. Its uniqueness is in the combination of the fundamental nanoscale research with the progress in fabrication of realistic nanodevices. By bringing together the contribution of leading researchers from the materials science and SPM communities, relevant information is conveyed that allows researchers to learn more about the actual developments in SPM applied to functional materials. This book will contribute to the continuous education and development in the field of nanotechnology.
Author : Vijay Nalladega
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2012-04-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789535105763
Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) is one of the key enabling tools for the advancement for nanotechnology with applications in many interdisciplinary research areas. This book presents selected original research works on the application of scanning probe microscopy techniques for the characterization of physical properties of different materials at the nanoscale. The topics in the book range from surface morphology analysis of thin film structures, oxide thin layers and superconducting structures, novel scanning probe microscopy techniques for characterization of mechanical and electrical properties, evaluation of mechanical and tribological properties of hybrid coatings and thin films. The variety of topics chosen for the book underlines the strong interdisciplinary nature of the research work in the field of scanning probe microscopy.
Author : Sergei V. Kalinin,Alexei Gruverman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 563 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2010-12-13
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781441971678
The goal of this book is to provide a general overview of the rapidly developing field of novel scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques for characterization of a wide range of functional materials, including complex oxides, biopolymers, and semiconductors. Many recent advances in condensed matter physics and materials science, including transport mechanisms in carbon nanostructures and the role of disorder on high temperature superconductivity, would have been impossible without SPM. The unique aspect of SPM is its potential for imaging functional properties of materials as opposed to structural characterization by electron microscopy. Examples include electrical transport and magnetic, optical, and electromechanical properties. By bringing together critical reviews by leading researchers on the application of SPM to to the nanoscale characterization of functional materials properties, this book provides insight into fundamental and technological advances and future trends in key areas of nanoscience and nanotechnology.
Author : Bharat Bhushan,Harald Fuchs
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 271 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2008-10-24
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783540850397
Crack initiation and growth are key issues when it comes to the mechanical reliab- ity of microelectronic devices and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). Es- cially in organic electronics where exible substrates will play a major role these issues will become of utmost importance. It is therefore necessary to develop me- ods which in situ allow the experimental investigation of surface deformation and fracture processes in thin layers at a micro and nanometer scale. While scanning electron microscopy (SEM) might be used it is also associated with some major experimental drawbacks. First of all if polymers are investigated they usually have to be coated with a metal layer due to their commonly non-conductive nature. Additi- ally they might be damaged by the electron beam of the microscope or the vacuum might cause outgasing of solvents or evaporation of water and thus change material properties. Furthermore, for all kinds of materials a considerable amount of expe- mental effort is necessary to build a tensile testing machine that ts into the chamber. Therefore, a very promising alternative to SEM is based on the use of an atomic force microscope (AFM) to observe in situ surface deformation processes during straining of a specimen. First steps towards this goal were shown in the 1990s in [1–4] but none of these approaches truly was a microtensile test with sample thicknesses in the range of micrometers. To the authors’ knowledge, this was shown for the rst time by Hild et al. in [5]. 16.
Author : Sergei V. Kalinin,Alexei Gruverman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 1002 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2007-04-03
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780387286686
This volume will be devoted to the technical aspects of electrical and electromechanical SPM probes and SPM imaging on the limits of resolution, thus providing technical introduction into the field. This volume will also address the fundamental physical phenomena underpinning the imaging mechanism of SPMs.
Author : Bharat Bhushan
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 823 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2010-12-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783642104978
This book presents the physical and technical foundation of the state of the art in applied scanning probe techniques. It constitutes a timely and comprehensive overview of SPM applications. The chapters in this volume relate to scanning probe microscopy techniques, characterization of various materials and structures and typical industrial applications, including topographic and dynamical surface studies of thin-film semiconductors, polymers, paper, ceramics, and magnetic and biological materials. The chapters are written by leading researchers and application scientists from all over the world and from various industries to provide a broader perspective.
Author : Marin Alexe,Alexei Gruverman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783662089019
This book presents recent advances in the field of nanoscale characterization of ferroelectric materials using scanning probe microscopy (SPM). It addresses various imaging mechanisms of ferroelectric domains in SPM, quantitative analysis of the piezoresponse signals as well as basic physics of ferroelectrics at the nanoscale level, such as nanoscale switching, scaling effects, and transport behavior. This state-of-the-art review of theory and experiments on nanoscale polarization phenomena will be a useful reference for advanced readers as well for newcomers and graduate students interested in the SPM techniques. The non-specialists will obtain valuable information about different approaches to electrical characterization by SPM, while researchers in the ferroelectric field will be provided with details of SPM-based measurements of ferroelectrics.
Author : Alexander Ziegler,Heinz Graafsma,Xiao Feng Zhang,Joost W.M. Frenken
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 265 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2014-04-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642451522
The behavior of nanoscale materials can change rapidly with time either because the environment changes rapidly or because the influence of the environment propagates quickly across the intrinsically small dimensions of nanoscale materials. Extremely fast time resolution studies using X-rays, electrons and neutrons are of very high interest to many researchers and is a fast-evolving and interesting field for the study of dynamic processes. Therefore, in situ structural characterization and measurements of structure-property relationships covering several decades of length and time scales (from atoms to millimeters and femtoseconds to hours) with high spatial and temporal resolutions are crucially important to understand the synthesis and behavior of multidimensional materials. The techniques described in this book will permit access to the real-time dynamics of materials, surface processes and chemical and biological reactions at various time scales. This book provides an interdisciplinary reference for research using in situ techniques to capture the real-time structural and property responses of materials to surrounding fields using electron, optical and x-ray microscopies (e.g. scanning, transmission and low-energy electron microscopy and scanning probe microscopy) or in the scattering realm with x-ray, neutron and electron diffraction.
Author : Sergei V Kalinin,Alexei Gruverman
Publisher : Springer
Page : 576 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2016-04-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1493939475
Here is a much-needed general overview of a rapidly developing field. It covers novel scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques that are used to characterize a wide range of functional materials, including complex oxides, biopolymers, and semiconductors.
Author : Bharat Bhushan,Harald Fuchs
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 414 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2006-04-28
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783540269106
The Nobel Prize of 1986 on Sc- ning Tunneling Microscopy sig- led a new era in imaging. The sc- ning probes emerged as a new i- trument for imaging with a pre- sion suf?cient to delineate single atoms. At ?rst there were two – the Scanning Tunneling Microscope, or STM, and the Atomic Force Mic- scope, or AFM. The STM relies on electrons tunneling between tip and sample whereas the AFM depends on the force acting on the tip when it was placed near the sample. These were quickly followed by the - gneticForceMicroscope,MFM,and the Electrostatic Force Microscope, EFM. The MFM will image a single magnetic bit with features as small as 10nm. With the EFM one can monitor the charge of a single electron. Prof. Paul Hansma at Santa Barbara opened the door even wider when he was able to image biological objects in aqueous environments. At this point the sluice gates were opened and a multitude of different instruments appeared. There are signi?cant differences between the Scanning Probe Microscopes or SPM, and others such as the Scanning Electron Microscope or SEM. The probe microscopes do not require preparation of the sample and they operate in ambient atmosphere, whereas, the SEM must operate in a vacuum environment and the sample must be cross-sectioned to expose the proper surface. However, the SEM can record 3D image and movies, features that are not available with the scanning probes.
Author : Roland Wiesendanger
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 238 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2013-03-14
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783662036068
Scanning Probe Microscopy - Analytical Methods provides a comprehensive overview of the analytical methods on the nanometer scale based on scanning probe microscopy and spectroscopy. Numerous examples of applications of the chemical contrast mechanism down to the atomic scale in surface physics and chemistry are discussed with extensive references to original work in the recent literature.
Author : Bharat Bhushan
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 634 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2012-10-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642254147
This book presents the physical and technical foundation of the state of the art in applied scanning probe techniques. It constitutes a timely and comprehensive overview of SPM applications. The chapters in this volume relate to scanning probe microscopy techniques, characterization of various materials and structures and typical industrial applications, including topographic and dynamical surface studies of thin-film semiconductors, polymers, paper, ceramics, and magnetic and biological materials. The chapters are written by leading researchers and application scientists from all over the world and from various industries to provide a broader perspective.
Author : Sergei V. Kalinin,Alexei Gruverman
Publisher : Springer
Page : 555 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2010-12-10
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 144196567X
The goal of this book is to provide a general overview of the rapidly developing field of novel scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques for characterization of a wide range of functional materials, including complex oxides, biopolymers, and semiconductors. Many recent advances in condensed matter physics and materials science, including transport mechanisms in carbon nanostructures and the role of disorder on high temperature superconductivity, would have been impossible without SPM. The unique aspect of SPM is its potential for imaging functional properties of materials as opposed to structural characterization by electron microscopy. Examples include electrical transport and magnetic, optical, and electromechanical properties. By bringing together critical reviews by leading researchers on the application of SPM to to the nanoscale characterization of functional materials properties, this book provides insight into fundamental and technological advances and future trends in key areas of nanoscience and nanotechnology.
Author : Adam Foster,Werner A. Hofer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2006-10-14
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780387372310
Scanning Probe Microscopy provides a comprehensive source of information for researchers, teachers, and graduate students about the rapidly expanding field of scanning probe theory. Written in the style of a textbook, it explains from scratch the theory behind today’s simulation techniques and gives examples of theoretical concepts through state-of-the-art simulations, including the means to compare these results with experimental data. The book provides the first comprehensive framework for electron transport theory with its various degrees of approximations used in today’s research, thus allowing extensive insight into the physics of scanning probes. Experimentalists will appreciate how the instrument's operation is changed by materials properties; theorists will understand how simulations can be directly compared to experimental data.