Sex And Gender Differences In Cardiovascular Renal Diseases And Hypertension

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Sex and Gender Differences in Cardiovascular-Renal Diseases and Hypertension

Author : Jane Reckelhoff
Publisher : Biota Publishing
Page : 99 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2014-11-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781615045792

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Sex and Gender Differences in Cardiovascular-Renal Diseases and Hypertension by Jane Reckelhoff Pdf

Many of the mechanisms responsible for cardiovascular disease and hypertension are well known, and gender is an independent risk factor in many cohorts. How gender contributes to cardiovascular disease has not been completely elucidated. Even in normotensive populations, blood pressure is higher in men than women, although why this occurs is unclear. While both men and women suffer from high incidences of cardiovascular disease, women are typically protected against cardiovascular disease until after menopause, so that on average they are about 10 years older than men when these diseases develop, making aging a confounding problem contributing to increased morbidity. Because hypertension is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular disease in both men and women, this review will focus on hypertension, and the mechanisms that have been found to play a role in mediating blood pressure control and how they differ in men and women.

Sex and Gender Differences in Cardiovascular-Renal-Metabolic Physiology and Pathophysiology

Author : Jane Reckelhoff,Licy Yanes Cardozo,Noha Shawky
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2024-09-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 0443222665

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Sex and Gender Differences in Cardiovascular-Renal-Metabolic Physiology and Pathophysiology by Jane Reckelhoff,Licy Yanes Cardozo,Noha Shawky Pdf

Sex and Gender Differences in Cardiovascular-Renal-Metabolic Physiology and Pathophysiology: Sex, Gender and Function provides a fundamental overview on sex and gender differences in all aspects of physiology. The book shares information on sex and gender differences in a variety of topics in a single comprehensive volume. This book, published as part of the Fundamentals of Physiology series in association with the International Union of Physiological Sciences acts as a primer of information scientists can build upon with their own research in sex and gender-based research.

Gender Differences in the Pathogenesis and Management of Heart Disease

Author : Jawahar L. Mehta,Jean McSweeney
Publisher : Springer
Page : 361 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2018-03-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319711355

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Gender Differences in the Pathogenesis and Management of Heart Disease by Jawahar L. Mehta,Jean McSweeney Pdf

This book reviews all aspects of the diagnosis and management of heart disease in women, covering areas such as gender differences in metabolic syndrome, hypertension and atherogenesis. Gender differences in cardiovascular diseases are widespread, but while gender medicine takes into account the effects of sex and gender on the health of women and men, traditionally, women have been underrepresented in cardiovascular clinical trials, in management of different cardiac diseases and drug use. Gender Differences in the Pathogenesis and Management of Heart Disease deals with the gender-specific differences in cardiac physiology and diseases and brings into perspective the critical significance of gender in management of cardiovascular disease presentations and management. As such it is of enormous use to all clinical staff who manage women with cardiovascular disease.

Sex Differences in Heart Disease

Author : Bohuslav Ostadal,Naranjan S. Dhalla
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2020-11-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030586775

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Sex Differences in Heart Disease by Bohuslav Ostadal,Naranjan S. Dhalla Pdf

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality in men and women. Unfortunately, women have traditionally been excluded from clinical trials, and female animals have been used less or sex was not reported in basic research studies. Until recently, consideration of both sexes was not required in clinical and preclinical studies focusing on cardiovascular diseases. However, the number of clinical and experimental papers dealing with sex differences and heart disease significantly increases during the last years. This trend is obviously the result of at least two facts: the number of examples of different behavior of the male and female heart under physiological and pathological conditions is steadily increasing and there were controversial reports on the beneficial and adverse effect of hormonal replacement therapy. Detailed molecular and cellular mechanisms of these differences are still unknown but one is clear already today: sex differences are so important that they should be considered by the selection of optimum diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in clinical practice. The book presents 16 manuscripts on sex differences of heart disease, as developed by several investigators; the volume is organized in four parts. Part I, dealing with sex differences in cardiac ischemic injury, includes 5 chapters on experimental aspects of cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury, the role of testosterone, and clinical aspects of ischemic heart disease. Part II is devoted to sex differences in heart failure and includes four chapters. Discussion in this part of the book is centered around the sex differences in heart failure due to volume overload. Part III of this volume includes four papers on risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, namely hypertension and obesity, and, finally, three chapters in part IV deal with sex differences of cardiac mitochondria under different pathological conditions. We believe this book will be very useful for cardiovascular scientists, graduate students, postdoctoral fellows and other health professionals.

Sex and Gender Aspects in Clinical Medicine

Author : Sabine Oertelt-Prigione,Vera Regitz-Zagrosek
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2011-11-15
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0857298321

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Sex and Gender Aspects in Clinical Medicine by Sabine Oertelt-Prigione,Vera Regitz-Zagrosek Pdf

This book is a concise, easy to read professional text with a focus on practical aspects. All chapters include tables on sex/gender differences in symptoms and management and a series of suggestions to the novice in the field. Chapters are specialty-specific. The focus is not on women’s health, but the presentation of differences in clinical symptoms, management and outcomes in women and men. Gender Medicine strives to employ the knowledge about these differences to improve diagnosis, better understand pathogenesis and advance patient-oriented therapy.

Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Understanding the Biology of Sex and Gender Differences
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2001-07-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0309132975

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Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Understanding the Biology of Sex and Gender Differences Pdf

It's obvious why only men develop prostate cancer and why only women get ovarian cancer. But it is not obvious why women are more likely to recover language ability after a stroke than men or why women are more apt to develop autoimmune diseases such as lupus. Sex differences in health throughout the lifespan have been documented. Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health begins to snap the pieces of the puzzle into place so that this knowledge can be used to improve health for both sexes. From behavior and cognition to metabolism and response to chemicals and infectious organisms, this book explores the health impact of sex (being male or female, according to reproductive organs and chromosomes) and gender (one's sense of self as male or female in society). Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health discusses basic biochemical differences in the cells of males and females and health variability between the sexes from conception throughout life. The book identifies key research needs and opportunities and addresses barriers to research. Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health will be important to health policy makers, basic, applied, and clinical researchers, educators, providers, and journalists-while being very accessible to interested lay readers.

Management of Cardiovascular Disease in Women

Author : Hanna Z. Mieszczanska,Gladys P. Velarde
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 462 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2014-03-24
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781447155171

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Management of Cardiovascular Disease in Women by Hanna Z. Mieszczanska,Gladys P. Velarde Pdf

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in women in the US, with more women dying from heart disease than men. Women may have different presentation from men and often need a different approach to diagnosis and treatment. There are also unique topics of management of heart disease in women, including issues during pregnancy, lactation, and menopause. Many different health care providers, as well as cardiologists are involved in treating these patients. A manual reviewing diagnosis and treatment of cardiac disease in women would help providers without specific cardiology training to deliver care with greater efficiency. A practical and comprehensive guide geared towards these providers would be a highly practical and valuable resource that would be utilized in everyday practice in offices that include urban clinics, general medicine offices, obstetrics and gynecology offices, as well as in the surgical subspecialties. This book will be a highly practical resource that can be directly applied to the issues that arise in everyday practice. There is no available book on the market that focuses on a broader approach to cardiac disease in women or focuses on non-cardiology providers (and their trainees) who have the need to know more about treatment of cardiovascular disease in women.​

Sex Differences in Physiology

Author : Gretchen Neigh,Megan Mitzelfelt
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2016-05-10
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128026083

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Sex Differences in Physiology by Gretchen Neigh,Megan Mitzelfelt Pdf

Sex Differences in Physiology is an all-encompassing reference that details basic science research into sex differences in all physiological fields. It includes scientific discoveries concerning sex differences in cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal physiology. In addition, coverage of the development, endocrinology, neurophysiology, immunity, and metabolism is included, making this important reference a resource that will meet the needs of investigators interested in incorporating sex differences into their research programs, while also providing clinicians with the basis for providing the best sex-based medical treatment options available. Provides a sweeping, organ-by-organ review of currently observed sex differences in animal models and human disease Explains how sex differences influence physiology and disease Provides the critical knowledge on sex differences for better understanding of prevention and treatment of diseases

Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology

Author : Babbette LaMarca, Ph.D.,Barbara T. Alexander, PhD, FAHA, FAPS
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2019-06-15
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128131978

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Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology by Babbette LaMarca, Ph.D.,Barbara T. Alexander, PhD, FAHA, FAPS Pdf

Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology is a comprehensive look into the often overlooked and underappreciated fundamental sex differences between men and women and how those differences affect the cardiovascular system. It covers cardiovascular function, anatomy, cell signaling and the development of pathology. With contributions from world-renowned research investigators, this up-to-date reference compiles critical knowledge on cardiovascular sex differences, providing researchers and clinicians with a better understanding of the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in both men and women. Identifies the fundamental sex differences in the physiology and pathophysiology of the cardiovascular system Describes cell signaling pathways involved in sex-associated cardiovascular function and diseases Puts the sex differences in cardiovascular diseases in the forefront to improve cardiovascular prognoses

Sex-Specific Reporting of Scientific Research

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 72 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2012-01-13
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309225274

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Sex-Specific Reporting of Scientific Research by Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice Pdf

The number of women participating in clinical trials has increased during the last two decades, but women are still underrepresented in clinical trials in general. Some of the overall increase can be attributed to the greater number of women-only trials (of therapies for diseases that affect only women). Even when women are included in clinical trials, the results are often not analyzed separately by sex. On August 30, 2011, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice hosted the workshop Sex-Specific Reporting of Scientific Research. The workshop explored the need for sex-specific reporting of scientific results; potential barriers and unintended consequences of sex-specific reporting of scientific results; experiences of journals that have implemented sex-specific requirements, including the challenges and benefits of such editorial policies; and steps to facilitate the reporting of sex-specific results. Presenters and participants included current and former editors of scientific journals, researchers, and scientists and policymakers from government, industry, and nonprofit organizations. Presentations and discussions highlighted the importance to both women and men of having sex-specific data, the problems with sample size and financial constraints for conducting the research, the appropriateness of sex-specific analyses, and the limitations of journal policies to change experimental designs. Sex-Specific Reporting of Scientific Research summarizes the presentations and discussions by the expert panelists during the IOM workshop. The workshop's first session focused on why sex-specific reporting is important. Panelists highlighted historical and current events that have hindered or helped to advance the study of women. In the next session, panelists in academe discussed the challenges of collecting, analyzing, and reporting sex-specific data from the researcher's perspective. That was followed by two panels of leading journal editors who shared their experiences in developing and implementing editorial policies and the implications of sex-specific reporting policies for journals.

Sex and Gender Differences in Pharmacology

Author : Vera Regitz-Zagrosek
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 599 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2012-10-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783642307263

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Sex and Gender Differences in Pharmacology by Vera Regitz-Zagrosek Pdf

This is the very first book to deal with sex and gender differences in drug therapy - an increasingly recognized medical need. It starts with an overview on S/G in clinical syndromes and a documentation of the medical and socioeconomic damage caused by gender specific adverse drug effects. Part I covers S/G differences in pharmacokinetics. Researchers will be satisfied by the detailed discussion of the mechanisms of S/G differences in drug effects that represents cutting edge science and includes interaction of drugs with sex hormones, genomic and epigenetic mechanisms. It also covers S/G in drug development, in animal models and clinical development and S/G in drug prescriptions. Part II targets S/G differences in drug effects in cardiovascular, pulmonary, CNS, neuromuscular, neuropsychiatric and metabolic diseases, in cancer, inflammation, and rheumatic diseases, in bacterial and retroviral infections, thrombosis, embolism. New drugs will be discussed.

Stress and the Heart

Author : Stephen Stansfeld,Mchael Marmot
Publisher : BMJ Books
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2001-11-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0727912771

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Stress and the Heart by Stephen Stansfeld,Mchael Marmot Pdf

This book brings together the evidence on psychosocial factors that influence the causation and progression of coronary heart disease. These include macrosocial factors such as social class, broad social influences such as the impact of work and social support and personal aspects such as depression and hostility. An important part of the book is the description of psychological and social influences on diet, smoking and physical activity all of which may be implicated in the causation of heart disease.These psychosocial factors are linked to the metabolic and physiological pathways involved in the development of coronary heart disease and their links with genetic characteristics are explored. Finally recent psychosocial intervention studies are reviewed.

Sex and Gender Differences in Infection and Treatments for Infectious Diseases

Author : Sabra L. Klein,Craig W. Roberts
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2023-09-11
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783031351396

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Sex and Gender Differences in Infection and Treatments for Infectious Diseases by Sabra L. Klein,Craig W. Roberts Pdf

This fully revised and significantly expanded second edition examines sex and gender differences in the immune system's response to bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections. The volume discusses both common and distinct molecular mechanisms that mediate these differences and illustrates how responses to vaccines may differ between the sexes and in pregnant individuals. Special emphasis is placed on the interplay between hormones and the immune system in the pathogenesis of HIV, SARS-CoV-2, influenza, malaria, tuberculosis, and amebiasis. This second edition includes completely rewritten chapters as well as all new contents. This book is intended for researchers in academia and industry as well as clinicians in the fields of microbiology, immunology, and pharmacology. By expanding knowledge in sex and gender medicine as a basis for developing personalized treatment strategies, the book contributes to UN Sustainable Development Goals 3 (health and well-being) and 5 (gender equality).

Homeostasis

Author : Fernanda Lasakosvitsch Castanho,Sergio Dos Anjos Garnes
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 174 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2019-01-30
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781789850772

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Homeostasis by Fernanda Lasakosvitsch Castanho,Sergio Dos Anjos Garnes Pdf

The human body is composed of several systems and organs, consisting of millions of cells that need relatively stable conditions to function and contribute to the survival of the body as a whole. The maintenance of stable conditions for the cells against the variations of the external environment is an essential function of the body and is called homeostasis. As a consequence of the loss of homeostasis, a disease is manifested. This book aims to provide the reader with an up-to-date view of the self-regulatory mechanisms that are activated to achieve homeostasis, the pathways that are altered during the disease process, and how medicine can intervene to restore balance in critical patients.

Coronary Vasomotion Abnormalities

Author : Hiroaki Shimokawa
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 155 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2020-12-08
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789811575945

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Coronary Vasomotion Abnormalities by Hiroaki Shimokawa Pdf

This book reviews the latest findings on epicardial coronary spasm and coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD), important diseases for understanding coronary artery vasomotion abnormalities. The book chiefly consists of two major parts, each of which explores the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of the diseases. The chapters present a range of experimental and clinical studies, including the editor’s life’s work on coronary spasm; how Rho-kinase activation plays an important role in connection with the disease; how chronic adventitial inflammation is a central pathophysiology of the spasm; the importance of Rho-kinase activation in the pathogenesis of CMD; how epicardial spasm and CMD frequently co-exist; and much more. Coronary Vasomotion Abnormalities will help practicing cardiologists, cardiac surgeons, vascular biologists and radiologists understand the latest issues concerning the clinical, interventional, and surgical management of these conditions, and offer these readers valuable insights into the effective treatment of microvascular angina.