Studies In Lexical Relations

Author : Herbert Reichl
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 18 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2003-04-08
Category : Literary Collections
ISBN : 9783638182416

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Lexical Relations by Herbert Reichl Pdf

Seminar paper from the year 1999 in the subject American Studies - Linguistics, grade: Good, University of Salzburg (Anglistics/ American Studies), course: The Vocabulary of English: Lexical and Morphological Issues, 5 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: There is no doubt, also - and especially - among experts, that our mental vocabulary is highly organised. There are a lot of relations between the single words of a language and the meanings of these words, respectively. Among linguists, these relations are called “semantic relations”, “sense relations” or “lexical relations”. These semantic relations can be analysed and described for the most part, and in the following, the most important ones of these relations are to be presented. In order to give a short, critical description of the state of the art, it must be said that there are lots of research projects on this topic. However, this paper can only include some of them. Literature which was used can be found under point six, “List Of Works Cited”. Project delimitations have only been made as far as detail is concerned. Since this paper is only a very short piece of research, the authors have confined themselves not to go into too much detail, but rather try to give a good survey of the topic. Lexical relations can be roughly divided into: · Types of ambiguity (polysemy, homonymy) · Types of congruence (synonymy, hyponymy, meronymy, relations of contrast) · Lexical fields

Author : Jeffrey S. Gruber
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 1970
Category : English language
ISBN : STANFORD:36105036797293

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Studies in Lexical Relations by Jeffrey S. Gruber Pdf

Author : Petra Storjohann
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 198 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2010-06-23
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027288165

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Lexical-Semantic Relations by Petra Storjohann Pdf

This collection of articles sketches the complexity of the subject of lexical-semantic relations and addresses semantic, lexicographic and computational issues on an array of meaning relations in different languages. It brings together a variety of linguistic studies on the contextualised construction of synonymy and antonymy in discourse. It shows that research on language and cognition calls for empirical evidence from different sources. This volume demonstrates how the internet, corpus data, as well as psycholinguistic methods contribute profitably to gain insights into the nature of the paradigmatics in actual language use. Furthermore, the volume is concerned with practical and application-oriented research on lexical databases, and it includes explorations of sense-related items in dictionaries from both a text-technological and lexicographic perspective.

Author : E. Viegas
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2013-04-18
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789401709521

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Breadth and Depth of Semantic Lexicons by E. Viegas Pdf

Most of the books about computational (lexical) semantic lexicons deal with the depth (or content) aspect of lexicons, ignoring the breadth (or coverage) aspect. This book presents a first attempt in the community to address both issues: content and coverage of computational semantic lexicons, in a thorough manner. Moreover, it addresses issues which have not yet been tackled in implemented systems such as the application time of lexical rules. Lexical rules and lexical underspecification are also contrasted in implemented systems. The main approaches in the field of computational (lexical) semantics are represented in the present book (including Wordnet, CyC, Mikrokosmos, Generative Lexicon). This book embraces several fields (and subfields) as different as: linguistics (theoretical, computational, semantics, pragmatics), psycholinguistics, cognitive science, computer science, artificial intelligence, knowledge representation, statistics and natural language processing. The book also constitutes a very good introduction to the state of the art in computational semantic lexicons of the late 1990s.

Author : M. Lynne Murphy
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2003-10-02
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781139437455

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Semantic Relations and the Lexicon by M. Lynne Murphy Pdf

Semantic Relations and the Lexicon explores the many paradigmatic semantic relations between words, such as synonymy, antonymy and hyponymy, and their relevance to the mental organization of our vocabularies. Drawing on a century's research in linguistics, psychology, philosophy, anthropology and computer science, M. Lynne Murphy proposes a pragmatic approach to these relations. Whereas traditional approaches have claimed that paradigmatic relations are part of our lexical knowledge, Dr Murphy argues that they constitute metalinguistic knowledge, which can be derived through a single relational principle, and may also be stored as part of our extra-lexical, conceptual representations of a word. Part I shows how this approach can account for the properties of lexical relations in ways that traditional approaches cannot, and Part II examines particular relations in detail. This book will serve as an informative handbook for all linguists and cognitive scientists interested in the mental representation of vocabulary.

Author : Ulf Magnusson,Gunnar Persson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : English language
ISBN : UIUC:30112124484020

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Facets, Phases, and Foci by Ulf Magnusson,Gunnar Persson Pdf

Author : Jeffrey S. Gruber
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 375 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 1976
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0720461804

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Lexical Structures in Syntax and Semantics by Jeffrey S. Gruber Pdf

Author : Katharina Baron
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 24 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2005-06-19
Category : Literary Collections
ISBN : 9783638388559

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Lexical Relations: Homonymy by Katharina Baron Pdf

Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,3, http://www.uni-jena.de/ (Institut für Anglistik/Amerikanistik), course: Proseminar: Lexical Relations, 9 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: Comunicating via language is a significant property of human beings. The Oxford English Dictionary contains about 400 000 lexemes and the vocabulary of an average English speaker covers 250 000 words. During normal conversations about 4,000 or 5,000 words are used per hour and while reading a person reaches an amount of 14,000 or 15,000 words in an hour.1 Usually one does not think about any relations between the words, the words we need in a particular situation come to our mind and we use them because they fulfill the function of communicating with others. When communicating via language we do not think about where the words historically come from or how they are related to each other. From the linguistic point of view the words are not single units for themselves they are linked to each other by semantic (paradigmatic and syntagmatic) and formal relations. Syntagmatic relations are explained on the basis of meaning of words and paradigmatic relations deal with semantic and grammatical features. Formal relations are based on the form of lexemes. The focus of this paper will be on homonymy, which is a formal relationship between lexemes. In the first part the phenomenon will be explained in regard to its types, development and problems which can arise from homonymy. In the second part examples of homonymous lexemes will be analysed. It will be explained which type of homonymy they belong to, why they are homonyms and which problems can arise in written and spoken language when those homonymous lexemes are used. 1 See: Aitchison, Jean, Linguistics (London: Hodder Headline Plc, 1999) 3.

Author : Alexander Gelbukh,Olga Kolesnikova
Publisher : Springer
Page : 148 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2012-08-09
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783642287718

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Semantic Analysis of Verbal Collocations with Lexical Functions by Alexander Gelbukh,Olga Kolesnikova Pdf

This book is written for both linguists and computer scientists working in the field of artificial intelligence as well as to anyone interested in intelligent text processing. Lexical function is a concept that formalizes semantic and syntactic relations between lexical units. Collocational relation is a type of institutionalized lexical relations which holds between the base and its partner in a collocation. Knowledge of collocation is important for natural language processing because collocation comprises the restrictions on how words can be used together. The book shows how collocations can be annotated with lexical functions in a computer readable dictionary - allowing their precise semantic analysis in texts and their effective use in natural language applications including parsers, high quality machine translation, periphrasis system and computer-aided learning of lexica. The books shows how to extract collocations from corpora and annotate them with lexical functions automatically. To train algorithms, the authors created a dictionary of lexical functions containing more than 900 Spanish disambiguated and annotated examples which is a part of this book. The obtained results show that machine learning is feasible to achieve the task of automatic detection of lexical functions.

Author : Irina Giertz
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 8 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2014-12-01
Category : Foreign Language Study
ISBN : 9783656851165

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Lexical Relations - Lexical Ambiguity by Irina Giertz Pdf

Essay from the year 2005 in the subject English - Grammar, Style, Working Technique, grade: 1,1, University of Cologne (Institut für Englische Philologie), course: Semantics, language: English, abstract: Lexical ambiguity appears at the interface between form and meaning of lexical items. Ambiguity is triggered by the assumption that the similarity of form is also reflected in the similarity of meaning. Whereas ambiguities violate the maxim of manner in the co-operative principles postulated by Grice, they are highly acclaimed in poetic language where they originate not in lack of specification or the complexity of the discourse, but in the complexity of the reader’s presuppositions. In this sense, it depends on the reader’s expertise, reading experience and profundity in determining the number of noted ambiguities. Linguistic ambiguity is a rich source of various word plays mostly known as punning. It reveals and emphasises linguistic peculiarities like homonymy and polysemy in a self-referential play of language with itself in a kind of mirroring.

Author : D. A. Cruse
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 1986-09-18
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0521276438

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Lexical Semantics by D. A. Cruse Pdf

Lexical Semantics is about the meaning of words. Although obviously a central concern of linguistics, the semantic behaviour of words has been unduly neglected in the current literature, which has tended to emphasize sentential semantics and its relation to formal systems of logic. In this textbook D. A. Cruse establishes in a principled and disciplined way the descriptive and generalizable facts about lexical relations that any formal theory of semantics will have to encompass. Among the topics covered in depth are idiomaticity, lexical ambiguity, synonymy, hierarchical relations such as hyponymy and meronymy, and various types of oppositeness. Syntagmatic relations are also treated in some detail. The discussions are richly illustrated by examples drawn almost entirely from English. Although a familiarity with traditional grammar is assumed, readers with no technical linguistic background will find the exposition always accessible. All readers with an interest in semantics will find in this original text not only essential background but a stimulating new perspective on the field.

Author : Leo Wanner
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 377 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 1996-01-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027230348

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Lexical Functions in Lexicography and Natural Language Processing by Leo Wanner Pdf

Lexical Functions in Lexicography and Natural Language Processing is entirely devoted to the topic of Lexical Functions, which have been introduced in the framework of the Meaning-Text Theory (MTT) as a means for describing restricted lexical co-occurrence and derivational relations. It provides detailed background information, comparative studies of other known proposals for the representation of relations covered by Lexical Functions, as well as a selection of most important works done on and with Lexical Functions in lexicography and computational linguistics. This volume provides excellent course material while it also reports on the state-of-the-art in the field.

Author : Jean-Pierre Koenig
Publisher : Stanford Univ Center for the Study
Page : 213 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 1999-01-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 1575861771

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Lexical Relations by Jean-Pierre Koenig Pdf

A model of lexical relations which reconciles the lexicon's idiosyncratic and productive aspects.

Author : M. Lynne Murphy
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 275 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2010-10-28
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781139493376

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Lexical Meaning by M. Lynne Murphy Pdf

The ideal introduction for students of semantics, Lexical Meaning fills the gap left by more general semantics textbooks, providing the teacher and the student with insights into word meaning beyond the traditional overviews of lexical relations. The book explores the relationship between word meanings and syntax and semantics more generally. It provides a balanced overview of the main theoretical approaches, along with a lucid explanation of their relative strengths and weaknesses. After covering the main topics in lexical meaning, such as polysemy and sense relations, the textbook surveys the types of meanings represented by different word classes. It explains abstract concepts in clear language, using a wide range of examples, and includes linguistic puzzles in each chapter to encourage the student to practise using the concepts. 'Adopt-a-Word' exercises give students the chance to research a particular word, building a portfolio of specialist work on a single word.

Author : Leo Wanner
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 397 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2007-02-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027292773

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Selected Lexical and Grammatical Issues in the Meaning–Text Theory by Leo Wanner Pdf

The Meaning Text Theory (MTT) is a lexicon-centred and dependency-based theory for the description of language using a holistic model that incorporates semantics, syntax, morphology and lexis. This volume, prepared on the occasion of Igor Mel'čuk’s 70th birthday, offers a cross-section of the current advances in MTT and its applications. The first part of the book focuses on lexical phenomena that are still largely neglected in mainstream linguistics: sound symbolism as manifested by ideophones, and idiosyncratic lexical relations as manifested by lexical functions (LFs). In particular, LFs are addressed from different angles (including the introduction of new “standard” LFs, the argument structure and semantic decomposition of lexical relations captured by LFs, automatic recognition of LF-instances in corpora, and the use of LFs in terminology and natural language processing). The second part of the book deals with such prominent model-oriented issues as semantic paraphrasing in MTT, the role of phrase structure in MTT and syntactic analysis within MTT.