The Context Of Redd In The Democratic Republic Of Congo Drivers Agents And Institutions

Author : Kengoum, F.,Pham, T.T.,Moeliono, M.,Dwisatrio, B.,Sonwa, D.J.
Publisher : CIFOR
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2020-10-20
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9786023871377

Get Book

The context of REDD+ in the Democratic Republic of Congo by Kengoum, F.,Pham, T.T.,Moeliono, M.,Dwisatrio, B.,Sonwa, D.J. Pdf

DRC has committed to reduce its emissions effectively, efficiently, and equitably from deforestation and degradation (REDD+). The country experiences complex relationships between drivers, agents, and institutions of deforestation nationally. The REDD+ policy arena is influenced by both governmental and non-governmental actors whose number have increased in the policy arena over the years; however, weak coordination among these actors remains an issue. Since 2009, the DRC has announced several reforms relating to land tenure, land-use planning and agricultural policy, to create an institutional environment that motivates the implementation of REDD+ in the DRC. By 2019, none of these reforms had materialized, due to both political changes and a lack of finance, capacity, and political will. Between 2013 and 2019, little progress has been made on REDD+ in the DRC, as a result of conflicting interests among actors both at national and decentralized levels; information asymmetry; elite capture and corruption; and the pre- and post-election situation. To date, the effectiveness of REDD+ activities in the DRC remain unclear, due to the absence of rigorous impact assessment. However, efforts can be observed on the field where there is increased number of participants to forest policy process compared to REDD+ early years; and several ongoing projects are testing policy options within and across levels. If these efforts are sustained, they can contribute in putting in place conditions to achieve REDD+ objectives.

Author : Augustin M. Mpoyi
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2024-06-18
Category : Electronic book
ISBN : OCLC:1066603053

Get Book

Context of REDD+ in the Democratic Republic of Congo by Augustin M. Mpoyi Pdf

Author : Augustin M. Mpoyi,Floribert B. Nyamwoga,Felicien M. Kabamba,Samuel Assembe-Mvondo
Publisher : CIFOR
Page : 69 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2024-06-18
Category : Electronic book
ISBN : 9786021504130

Get Book

The context of REDD+ in the Democratic Republic of Congo: Drivers, agents and institutions by Augustin M. Mpoyi,Floribert B. Nyamwoga,Felicien M. Kabamba,Samuel Assembe-Mvondo Pdf

Reviewing the conditions in which the Reduction of Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) mechanism is being established in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is part of Component 1 of the Global Comparative Study on REDD+ (GCS-REDD) being conducted by the Center for International Forestry Research. The overall aim of this global study is to provide decision-makers, practitioners, donors and the scientific community with reliable information on the dynamics of national actions related to the REDD+ mechanism. Discussions on REDD originally seemed to focus on the construction of a global structure and the establishment of a multilateral instrument to replace the Kyoto Protocol. But at the 14th Conference of Parties (CoP 14), held in Poznan in 2008, discussions on the reliability of REDD+ focused more on the dynamics of national- and local-level actions and brought out the need to better understand, analyze and explain the national institutional context of REDD+ development. Subsequently, this review used the extractive approaches. The first inputs were reports, articles, books and documents on the DRC that were directly related to forest management, socioeconomic and political institutions, etc., whether published or not. Because of the diversity of sources, the quantitative data sometimes seem contradictory and conflictual. In the next step, semi-structured interviews were held with experts working in the forestry sector and data were obtained from the participants’ observations. Since this analysis covers the period between May 2011 and June 2012 actions in the field and the institutions after those dates were not included.

Author : Guillaume Lestrelin,Michael Trockenbrodt,Khamla Phanvilay,Sithong Thongmanivong,Thoumthone Vongvisouk,Pham Thu Thuy,Jean-Christophe Castella
Publisher : CIFOR
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2013-01-01
Category : Deforestation
ISBN : 9786021504123

Get Book

The context of REDD+ in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic: Drivers, agents and institutions by Guillaume Lestrelin,Michael Trockenbrodt,Khamla Phanvilay,Sithong Thongmanivong,Thoumthone Vongvisouk,Pham Thu Thuy,Jean-Christophe Castella Pdf

This report explores the drivers (both direct and indirect) of deforestation and forest degradation and discusses the political, economic and social opportunities and constraints that will influence the design and implementation of REDD+ in Laos. The government of Laos has long sought to curb deforestation and forest degradation, and the country is receiving considerable international attention and support to implement REDD+. However, agricultural expansion, the development of industrial tree plantations, and large hydropower, mining and infrastructure projects continue to result in deforestation, with shifting cultivation and selective logging (legal and illegal) largely blamed for forest degradation. At the same time, indirect drivers of deforestation and forest degradation are rooted in a national agenda of economic growth, characterized by incentives for foreign and domestic investment in forest management and timber harvesting. As a result, Laos is becoming an important resource frontier for transnational capital and large-scale land and natural resource investments. The consequent intensification of competition for resources poses a challenge not only for forest governance, but also for the development of REDD+ policies and initiatives. In an examination of the institutions and policies defining Laos’ forestry sector and REDD+, the report reflects on lessons to be learned from past forestry and economic development policies. The government of Laos has demonstrated strong political interest in REDD+, but REDD+ implementation faces major obstacles, particularly unclear carbon rights and weak governance, with the latter attributable to poor local capacity, weak coordination among stakeholders, and minimal involvement by local communities and civil society. The report makes several recommendations for achieving effective, efficient and equitable outcomes of REDD+ in Laos: capacity building of administrative and technical staff, especially at the subnational level; clarification and harmonization of land-use planning and land allocation processes; and stronger monitoring and law enforcement in areas under high threat of deforestation and forest degradation. Furthermore, an accountable and transparent mechanism for sharing the benefits of REDD+ across levels and fully accountable consultation processes must be implemented, with the participation of not only elite and powerful actors such as domestic and foreign businesses but also local groups and civil society.

Author : CIFOR,
Publisher : CIFOR
Page : 48 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2023-09-05
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

Get Book

Governing peatlands in the Democratic Republic of Congo: Context, agents of change and policy making by CIFOR, Pdf

Author : Kengoum Djiegni, F.,Pham, T.T.,Sonwa, D.J.
Publisher : CIFOR
Page : 8 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2020-12-31
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

Get Book

A decade of REDD+ in a changing political environment in the Democratic Republic of Congo by Kengoum Djiegni, F.,Pham, T.T.,Sonwa, D.J. Pdf

Key messages The REDD+ policy process in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) over the past decade has diverged from the initial government planning due to political changes at the international and national levels. While participation is perceived by government and international actors as one of the biggest achievements of REDD+ in the DRC, non-state actors – particularly civil society organizations and Indigenous groups – are skeptical about inclusiveness within the decision-making process. Social inequalities and local power relations may hinder the implementation of participation instruments and the involvement of local and Indigenous communities, impeding their ability to achieve reduced deforestation and poverty alleviation. The political economy and the lack of data on deforestation and forest degradation – and on the recently discovered large swamp in the DRC – make it challenging to monitor, report and verify a reduction in forest emissions within a multilevel setting. The experience of REDD+ tested at scale in the DRC through the Mai-Ndombe jurisdictional project highlights the cost challenges of generating timely and accurate data. Supporting REDD+ finance in the DRC is difficult since the country relies entirely on international funding to fight climate change. A benefits-sharing mechanism remains unclear. Consequently, there is a lack of flexibility in addressing unanticipated costs that may result from the implementation of the process. This jeopardizes the success of the process and raises uncertainty about the expected results. Emerging issues, such as community forestry and the discovery of large swamp areas, make the DRC more attractive for the REDD+ program. The first issue offers a workaround to the problem of securing communal rights, while the second issue provides additional opportunities for REDD+ activities.

Author : Andrea Babon,Gae Yansom Gowae
Publisher : CIFOR
Page : 62 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2013-07-06
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9786021504055

Get Book

The Context of REDD+ in Papua New Guinea: Drivers, agents, and institutions by Andrea Babon,Gae Yansom Gowae Pdf

This report provides an overview of the context for REDD+ in Papua New Guinea. It describes the main drivers of deforestation and degradation, the institutional and political economic context within which REDD+ is being developed, and maps the evolution of a national REDD+ strategy and associated policy and legislation during 2008–2012. It highlights the opportunities and challenges of developing policies that can provide climate-effective, cost-efficient and equitable REDD+ outcomes for Papua New Guinea. Papua New Guinea’s system of customary land tenure provides both enormous opportunities and challenges for REDD+. Gaining the free, prior and informed consent of customary landowners who own the forests that REDD+ initiatives are designed to protect and developing equitable benefit-sharing mechanisms will be a key challenge. Corruption and a lack of transparency and accountability within the government are significant problems for the country to overcome. Political instability and capacity constraints within the public service also pose challenges to the smooth and steady development and implementation of REDD+ policies. While there appears to be a growing national discourse around good governance and anti-corruption, a complex political economy has thwarted many previous attempts at forest policy reform in the country and REDD+ is likely to face significant opposition from those who currently benefit from the unsustainable exploitation of the country’s forests. But the outlook for REDD+ in Papua New Guinea need not be pessimistic. Many different stakeholder groups including government agencies, civil society organisations, donors, private sector actors and research institutes support the concept of REDD+ in Papua New Guinea. Despite some early missteps in terms of broad stakeholder engagement and national ownership over the policy process, the government has shown genuine progress in developing a transparent and accountable governance structure that can, and is, incorporating the perspectives of multiple stakeholders. Occasional Papers contain research results that are significant to tropical forest issues. This content has been peer reviewed internally and externally. Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) CIFOR advances human well-being, environmental conservation and equity by conducting research to help shape policies and practices that affect forests in developing countries. CIFOR is a member of the CGIAR Consortium. Our headquarters are in Bogor, Indonesia, with offices in Asia, Africa and South America.

Author : Demetrius Kweka,Rachel Carmenta,Maija Hyle,Irmeli Mustalahti,Therese Dokken,Maria Brockhaus
Publisher : CIFOR
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2015-10-30
Category : Electronic book
ISBN : 9786023870141

Get Book

The context of REDD+ in Tanzania: Drivers, agents and institutions by Demetrius Kweka,Rachel Carmenta,Maija Hyle,Irmeli Mustalahti,Therese Dokken,Maria Brockhaus Pdf

This country profile for Tanzania provides an overview on the socioeconomic and political context within which REDD+ policies and processes emerge. It explores the Tanzanian REDD+ policy processes and strategies at the national level, identifying barriers, limits and opportunities in national REDD+ arenas to inform future REDD+ design by providing research-based options for achieving efficient, effective and equitable REDD+ (i.e. the 3Es of REDD+). Both direct and indirect drivers of deforestation and forest degradation are at work, including forest conversion to small-scale agriculture, timber extraction driven by demand from national and international markets, fuelwood and charcoal, and population growth. The prospects for REDD+ rest on improving a number of issues: tenure arrangements, forest governance, reliability of long-term funding, benefit-sharing mechanisms, and technical, human and financial capacity. We recommend the continuation of support towards decentralized sustainable forest management and utilization of the participatory forest management model as an entry point for REDD+ initiatives. Participatory land-use planning practices coupled with improved spatial planning and strengthening mechanisms against illegal activities entrenched in driving forest degradation are needed. In addition, for REDD+ to succeed it will need to challenge and overcome the powerful actors invested in and driving the business-as-usual model.

Author : Hugo Che Piu,Mary Menton
Publisher : CIFOR
Page : 70 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2014-09-09
Category : Electronic book
ISBN : 9786021504376

Get Book

The context of REDD+ in Peru: Drivers, agents and institutions by Hugo Che Piu,Mary Menton Pdf

This country profile contains an analysis of the causes of deforestation and forest degradation in Peru, and the economic, institutional and political context in which REDD is emerging in the country. Peru has a total forest area of approximately 73 million hectares, almost 60% of national territory. In the past few years, deforestation decreased from 150,000 ha/year to 106,000 ha/year but it still represents one of the biggest sources of greenhouse gas emissions in the country. While it has decreased recently, an increase is expected during coming years due to development policies that support the expansion of road infrastructure in the Amazon, an increase in agricultural production and support for the extractive sectors. The government has declared a goal of reducing to zero the deforestation rate across 54 million hectares of primary forest by 2021, and has initiated the preparation process for REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation Plus) at a national and subnational level. While the pilot projects are already underway, with international and national funding, and even certification according to international standards, the national government is still in the process of developing REDD+ and MRV (Measuring, Reporting and Verification) strategies under the leadership of MINAM. Even if REDD has solid support within certain sectors of the government and civil society, it will face big challenges during the implementation phase due to a lack of intersectoral coordination and support to a socioeconomic development that would stimulate conservation and stop deforestation and degradation. In the process of preparation for REDD+, the country has advanced with the processes of safeguarding the participation of the civil society and the protection of native and local communities’ rights. At the same time, the challenges concerning weak governance at a national and regional level and conflicts of interest are threats to the effective, efficient and equitable implementation in the long-term.

Author : Bas Arts,Verina Ingram,Maria Brockhaus
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 188 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2021-09-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783039288991

Get Book

The Performance of REDD+ by Bas Arts,Verina Ingram,Maria Brockhaus Pdf

REDD+ represents countries’ efforts to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, and foster conservation, the sustainable management of forests, and the enhancement of forest carbon stocks. The basic idea is that more carbon can be sequestrated and stocked in tropical forests by improving their conservation, management, and sustainable use, thus contributing to mitigating climate change. The developing countries and relevant stakeholders concerned will be financially compensated for these endeavors, either through public funds or private carbon markets. Given this context, this book will address the need to assess the political and socio–economic dimensions of the performance of REDD+, which is relevant to policy-makers, practitioners, and scholars. This implies taking into account the various levels (from global to local) and dimensions (e.g., results-based payments, MRV, co-benefits, and community engagement), as well as divergent (disciplinary) connotations, of performance. We, therefore, pose the following question: What does performance mean? In answering this question, we provide examples of assessments of performance. We present 9 cases of how REDD has performed on local, national and international scales, and reflect on the representativeness of these examples and their limitations when looking at the current range of REDD initiatives, along with what is missing in terms of evaluating the performance of REDD+. We conclude by establishing why performance assessment remains so relevant today.

Author : Melaku Bekele,Yemiru Tesfaye,Zerihun Mohammed,Solomon Zewdie,Yibeltal Tebikew,Maria Brockhaus,Habtemariam Kassa
Publisher : CIFOR
Page : 78 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2015-06-23
Category : Electronic book
ISBN : 9786023870035

Get Book

The context of REDD+ in Ethiopia by Melaku Bekele,Yemiru Tesfaye,Zerihun Mohammed,Solomon Zewdie,Yibeltal Tebikew,Maria Brockhaus,Habtemariam Kassa Pdf

Specifically, the paper identifies and analyzes several direct drivers of deforestation and forest degradation in Ethiopia including: forest clearance for both subsistence and large-scale agriculture; illegal and unsustainable extraction of wood mainly for charcoal and firewood; overgrazing; and recurrent forest fires. It also reviews underlying drivers including: rapid population increase and the associated growing demand for land and energy; extensive legal and institutional gaps including lack of stable and equitable forest tenure; lack of stakeholder participation in forest management and benefit-sharing schemes; and weak law enforcement. These drivers and the dominant actors behind them – ranging from small-scale subsistence farmers to national and global investors – are discussed in the context of the political economy, including the policy and institutional framework of the country. The implications of the overall forest condition to the objectives and requirements of REDD+ are evaluated, and key issues that need to be addressed for efficient, effective and equitable implementation of REDD+ are discussed. These key issues include: reconciling the apparently contradictory policies and programs, particularly those that negatively affect the forestry sector; improving the forest tenure and governance system; augmenting economic return from forests to communities and individuals; creating more efficient and effective forest institutions at all levels; and enhancing sectoral and regional coordination among implementing agencies.

Author : Félicien Kengoum,Félicien M. Kabamba,Angelique Mbelu
Publisher : CIFOR
Page : 46 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2014-10-30
Category : Electronic book
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

Get Book

REDD+ policies in the media by Félicien Kengoum,Félicien M. Kabamba,Angelique Mbelu Pdf

CIFOR’s multiyear Global Comparative Study on REDD aims to inform policy-makers, practitioners and donors about what works in reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries (REDD+). The project is composed of a multidisciplinary research team of different nationalities, and covers three major forest basins. The REDD+ GCS project is funded by the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation, the Australian Agency for International Development, the UK Department for International Development and the European Commission.

Author : Giorgio Budi Indrarto,Prayekti Murharjanti,Josi Khatarina,Irvan Pulungan,Feby Ivalerina,Justitia Rahman,Muhar Nala Prana,Ida Aju Pradnja Resosudarmo,Efrian Muharrom
Publisher : CIFOR
Page : 116 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2012-01-01
Category : Electronic book
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

Get Book

The context of REDD+ in Indonesia: Drivers, agents and institutions by Giorgio Budi Indrarto,Prayekti Murharjanti,Josi Khatarina,Irvan Pulungan,Feby Ivalerina,Justitia Rahman,Muhar Nala Prana,Ida Aju Pradnja Resosudarmo,Efrian Muharrom Pdf

This country profile reviews the drivers of deforestation and forest degradation in Indonesia, sets out the institutional, political and economic environment within which REDD+ is being implemented in Indonesia, and documents the process of national REDD+ policy development during the period 2007 – early 2012. While Indonesia is committed at the national and international level to addressing climate change through the forestry sector, there are clearly contextual challenges that need to be addressed to create the enabling conditions for REDD+. Some of the major issues include inconsistent legal frameworks, sectoral focus, unclear tenure, consequences of decentralisation, and weak local governance. Despite these challenges, however, REDD+ opens up an opportunity for improvements in forest governance and, more broadly, in land use governance. More democratic political-economic processes in general, greater freedom of civil society and the press, and heightened awareness of environmental issues can help build support and solidify policies in this direction.

Author : Emmanuel O. Nuesiri
Publisher : Springer
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2018-03-07
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783319719467

Get Book

Global Forest Governance and Climate Change by Emmanuel O. Nuesiri Pdf

This edited collection assesses governance in forestry programmes and projects, including REDD+ governance. It examines political representation, participation and decentralisation in forest governance, providing insight as to how forest governance arrangements can be responsive to the socio-economic interests of local people and communities who live adjacent to and depend on forests. Global Forest Governance and Climate Change argues that inclusive complementary representation of local communities is required for strong participatory processes and democratic decentralisation of forest governance. Responsiveness to local people’s socio-economic interests in forestry initiatives require paying attention to not just the hosting of participatory meetings and activities, but also to the full cast of appointed, self-authorized, and elected representative agents that stand, speak, and act for local people. This book will be of interest to students and academics across the fields of climate change governance, forestry, development studies, and political economy. It will also be a useful resource for policy makers and practitioners responsible for forestry and climate change initiatives.

Author : Arild Angelsen
Publisher : CIFOR
Page : 390 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2009-01-01
Category : Climatic changes
ISBN : 9786028693035

Get Book

Realising REDD+ by Arild Angelsen Pdf

REDD+ must be transformational. REDD+ requires broad institutional and governance reforms, such as tenure, decentralisation, and corruption control. These reforms will enable departures from business as usual, and involve communities and forest users in making and implementing policies that a ect them. Policies must go beyond forestry. REDD+ strategies must include policies outside the forestry sector narrowly de ned, such as agriculture and energy, and better coordinate across sectors to deal with non-forest drivers of deforestation and degradation. Performance-based payments are key, yet limited. Payments based on performance directly incentivise and compensate forest owners and users. But schemes such as payments for environmental services (PES) depend on conditions, such as secure tenure, solid carbon data and transparent governance, that are often lacking and take time to change. This constraint reinforces the need for broad institutional and policy reforms. We must learn from the past. Many approaches to REDD+ now being considered are similar to previous e orts to conserve and better manage forests, often with limited success. Taking on board lessons learned from past experience will improve the prospects of REDD+ e ectiveness. National circumstances and uncertainty must be factored in. Di erent country contexts will create a variety of REDD+ models with di erent institutional and policy mixes. Uncertainties about the shape of the future global REDD+ system, national readiness and political consensus require  exibility and a phased approach to REDD+ implementation.