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Author : Vladimir Belinski,Marc Henneaux
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 279 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2017-10-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781107047471
This book mathematically derives the theory underlying the Belinski-Khalatnikov-Lifshitz conjecture on the general solution of the Einstein equations with a cosmological singularity.
Author : Pankaj S. Joshi
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2007-12-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521871042
Physical phenomena in astrophysics and cosmology involve gravitational collapse in a fundamental way. The final fate of a massive star when it collapses under its own gravity at the end of its life cycle is one of the most important questions in gravitation theory and relativistic astrophysics, and is the foundation of black hole physics. General relativity predicts that continual gravitational collapse gives rise to a space-time singularity. Quantum gravity may take over in such regimes to resolve the classical space-time singularity. This book, first published in 2007, investigates these issues, and shows how the visible ultra-dense regions arise naturally and generically as an outcome of dynamical gravitational collapse. It will be of interest to graduate students and academic researchers in gravitation physics, fundamental physics, astrophysics, and cosmology. It includes a detailed review of research into gravitational collapse, and several examples of collapse models are investigated in detail.
Author : Menas Kafatos
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401708494
Bell's Theorem and its associated implications for the nature of the physical world remain topics of great interest. For this reason many meetings have been recently held on the interpretation of quantum theory and the implications of Bell's Theorem. Generally these meetings have been held primarily for quantum physicists and philosophers of science who have been or are actively working on the topic. Nevertheless, other philosophers of science, mathematicians, engineers as well as members of the general public have increasingly taken interest in Bell's Theorem and its implications. The Fall Workshop held at George Mason University on October 21 and 22, 1988 and titled "Bell's Theorem, Quantum Theory and Conceptions of the Universe" was of a more general scope. Not only it attracted experts in the field, it also covered other topics such as the implications of quantum non-locality for the nature of consciousness, cosmology, the anthropic principle, etc. topics usually not covered in previous meetings of this kind. The meeting was attended by more than one hundred ten specialists and other interested people from all over the world. The purpose of the meeting was not to provide a definitive answer to the general questions raised by Bell's Theorem. It is likely that the debate will go on for quite a long time. Rather, it was meant to contribute to the important dialogue between different disciplines.
Author : C. J. S. Clarke
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 196 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521437962
The different possible singularities are defined and the mathematical methods needed to extend the space-time are described in detail in this book. Results obtained (many appearing here for the first time) show that singularities are associated with a lack of smoothness in the Riemann tensor.
Author : Nicolae Sfetcu
Publisher : Nicolae Sfetcu
Page : 33 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2019-01-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
ESSAYS Collection The singularities from the general relativity resulting by solving Einstein's equations were and still are the subject of many scientific debates: Are there singularities in spacetime, or not? Big Bang was an initial singularity? If singularities exist, what is their ontology? Is the general theory of relativity a theory that has shown its limits in this case? In this essay I argue that there are singularities, and the general theory of relativity, as any other scientific theory at present, is not valid for singularities. But that does not mean, as some scientists think, that it must be regarded as being obsolete. After a brief presentation of the specific aspects of Newtonian classical theory and the special theory of relativity, and a brief presentation of the general theory of relativity, the chapter Ontology of General Relativity presents the ontological aspects of general relativity. The next chapter, Singularities, is dedicated to the presentation of the singularities resulting in general relativity, the specific aspects of the black holes and the event horizon, including the Big Bang debate as original singularity, and arguments for the existence of the singularities. In Singularity Ontology, I am talking about the possibilities of ontological framing of singularities in general and black holes in particular, about the hole argument highlighted by Einstein, and the arguments presented by scientists that there are no singularities and therefore that the general theory of relativity is in deadlock. In Conclusions I outline and summarize briefly the arguments that support my above views. CONTENTS Abstract Introduction Classical Theory and Special Relativity General Relativity (GR) 1 Ontology of General Relativity 2 Singularities Black Holes Event Horizon Big Bang Are there Singularities? 3 Ontology of Singularities Ontology of black holes The hole argument There are no singularities Conclusions Notes Bibliography
Author : Nathalie Deruelle
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 1989
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1352662549
We study the Kasner-type solutions of the vacuum field equations of D. dimensional theories of gravity which derive from Langrangians that are non-linear in the curvature. We treat both the generic quadratic case which yields field equations of fourth order in the metric and the Lovelock theory whose field equations remain second order. We show that in four-dimensional space-times the standard Kasner solution is always a solution (and often the only one) whereas in D > 4 all spatial dimensions can always contract as one goes backward in time, contrary to what happens in Einsteinian gravity. The bearing of these results on the conjecture that the chaotic approach to the Big Bang singularity is specific to four-dimensional space-time is briefly discussed.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2024-05-17
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789814468336
Author : Carlos Martins
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401732727
The workshop on The Cosmology of Extra Dimensions and Varying Fundamental Constants, which was part of JENAM 2002, was held at the Physics Department of the University of Porto (FCUP) from the 3rd to the 5th of September 2002. It was regularly attended by about 110 participants, of which 65 were officially registered in the VFC workshop, while the others came from the rest of the JENAM workshops. There were also a few science correspondents from the national and international press. During the 3 days of the scientific programme, 8 Invited Reviews and 30 Oral Communications were presented. The speakers came from 11 different European countries, and also from Argentina, Australia, Canada, Japan and the U.S.A. There were also speakers from six Portuguese research institutions, and nine of the speak ers were Ph.D. students. The contributions are presented in these proceedings in chronological order. The workshop brought together string theorists, particle physicists, theoretical and observational cosmologists, relativists and observational astrophysicists. It was generally agreed that this inter-disciplinarity was the greatest strength of the work shop, since it provided people coming into this very recent topic from the various different backgrounds with an opportunity to understand each other's language and thereby gain a more solid understanding of the overall picture.
Author : Giovanni Montani
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 617 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789814271004
Primordial Cosmology deals with one of the most puzzling and fascinating topics debated in modern physics - the nature of the Big Bang singularity. The authors provide a self-consistent and complete treatment of the very early Universe dynamics, passing through a concise discussion of the Standard Cosmological Model, a precise characterization of the role played by the theory of inflation, up to a detailed analysis of the anisotropic and inhomogeneous cosmological models. The most peculiar feature of this book is its uniqueness in treating advanced topics of quantum cosmology with a well-traced link to more canonical and pedagogical notions of fundamental cosmology. This book traces clearly the backward temporal evolution of the Universe, starting with the Robertsonndash;Walker geometry and ending with the recent results of loop quantum cosmology in view of the Big Bounce. The reader is accompanied in this journey by an initial technical presentation which, thanks to the fundamental tools given earlier in the book, never seems heavy or obscure.
Author : Pankaj S. Joshi
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780199686766
This book journeys into one of the most fascinating intellectual adventures of recent decades - understanding and exploring the final fate of massive collapsing stars in the universe. The issue is of great interest in fundamental physics and cosmology today, from both the perspective of gravitation theory and of modern astrophysical observations. This is a revolution in the making and may be intimately connected to our search for a unified understanding of the basic forces of nature, namely gravity that governs the cosmological universe, and the microscopic forces that include quantum phenomena. According to the general theory of relativity, a massive star that collapses catastrophically under its own gravity when it runs out of its internal nuclear fuel must give rise to a space-time singularity. Such singularities are regions in the universe where all physical quantities take their extreme values and become arbitrarily large. The singularities may be covered within a black hole, or visible to faraway observers in the universe. Thus, the final fate of a collapsing massive star is either a black hole or a visible naked singularity. We discuss here recent results and developments on the gravitational collapse of massive stars and possible observational implications when naked singularities happen in the universe. Large collapsing massive stars and the resulting space-time singularities may even provide a laboratory in the cosmos where one could test the unification possibilities of basic forces of nature.
Author : Arlie O. Petters,Harold Levine,Joachim Wambsganss
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 616 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461201458
This monograph is the first to develop a mathematical theory of gravitational lensing. The theory applies to any finite number of deflector planes and highlights the distinctions between single and multiple plane lensing. Introductory material in Parts I and II present historical highlights and the astrophysical aspects of the subject. Part III employs the ideas and results of singularity theory to put gravitational lensing on a rigorous mathematical foundation.
Author : Giovanni Montani,Massimiliano Lattanzi,Riccardo Benini,Francesco Cianfrani
Publisher : World Scientific Publishing Company Incorporated
Page : 450 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2014-05-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9814518662
This volumes gives a complete description of the Universe's birth and evolution, based on the implementation of General Relativity and Quantum Field Theory. The presentation has a pedagogical profile and aims to make accessible, at a Master's Degree level, a wide number of subtle topics concerning the thermal history of the Universe. This also includes the discussion of themes still open to the scientific debate, such as the quantum nature of the cosmological singularity and the nature of the dark components of the Universe. To this aim, this volume is divided into three parts, the first two being dedicated to introducing the paradigms of Einsteinian gravitation and quantum physics. These are necessary for a self-consistent presentation of the third part which fully develops the analysis of the cosmological framework. The first two parts have their own independent value as compact, pedagogical introductions to the corresponding areas, and are completed by relevant monographic appendices. In this respect, the picture outlined in the two chapters devoted to quantum physics of gravitation is distinguished by the clear and complete synthesis it offers to the reader. The main targets of this volume are Master's Degree students; however, because of the advanced character of some selected topics, it can also be fruitfully adopted by PhD students and even researchers wishing to obtain an up-to-date knowledge of some of the topics addressed in the book.
Author : U Danielsson,A Goobar,B Nilsson
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 108 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2005-08-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789814479660
The Nobel Symposium in 2003 on String Theory and Cosmology was a gathering of many of the most active and distinguished scientists in the world, including Stephen Hawking, 2004 Nobel Prize winner David Gross, and Andrei Linde. The experts, comprising both theoreticians and experimentalists, were given the opportunity to discuss the present status of their respective subjects. Throughout the symposium, special attention was given to the connections between the fields: the questions posed ranged from ”Can cosmology be used to test string theory?” to ”Can string theory answer deep questions about cosmology?” The symposium marked a new era in the understanding of the science of the very small and the very large. This book is a unique document that reflects upon the state of fundamental physics at a historically important moment in time. Contents:Supernovae and Dark Energy (J L Tonry)Studying Dark Energy with Supernovae: Now, Soon, and the Not-Too-Distant Future (S Perlmutter)What Have We Learned from Cosmic Microwave Background Fluctuations? (D N Spergel)Quintessential Ideas (P J Steinhardt)Prospects of Inflation (A Linde)A Non Singular Universe (S Hawking)Unconventional Scenarios and Perturbations Therein (G Veneziano)Holographic Cosmology 3.0 (T Banks & W Fischler)Bouncing Universes in String Theory? (J Polchinski)Remarks on Tachyon Driven Cosmology (A Sen)Beyond Inflation: A Cyclic Universe Scenario (N Turok & P J Steinhardt)Creating Naked Singularities and Negative Energy (G T Horowitz)Filtering Gravity: Modification at Large Distances? (G Dvali)Cosmological Singularities in String Theory (D Kutasov)Where Do We Stand in Fundamental (String) Theory (D J Gross) Readership: Scientists in the fields of particle physics, string theory, cosmology and astronomy. Keywords:String Theory;Cosmology;Inflation;Dark Matter;Dark Energy;Big BangKey Features:A unique synthesis of the way cosmologists and string theorists view the origins of our universeA historical document representing a decisive moment in the history of cosmologyIncludes contributions from many of the most prominent astronomers and physicists in the world
Author : Laurent Baulieu,Jan de Boer,Boris Pioline,Eliezer Rabinovici
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 395 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2006-06-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402037337
String Theory is our current best candidate for the unification of all fundamental forces, including gravity, in a consistent quantum framework. In this collection of lectures delivered at the Cargèse Summer School "String Theory: from Gauge Interactions to Cosmology'', world leading experts provide an up-to-date survey of the latest developments in this topic, including the gauge/gravity correspondence, superstring cosmology and cosmic strings, topological string theory and matrix models, physics beyond the standard model and the landscape of vacua of string theory, conformal field theory and critical phenomena in statistical mechanics. Many more topics are also discussed in shorter contributions by School participants. Written with an emphasis on pedagogy, this volume will be a invaluable resource to students and experts alike.
Author : Antonio Gonzalez-arroyo,Carmen Arago Lopez
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1994-02-04
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789814552301
This meeting gathered nine of the world's leading experts in high energy physics and cosmology. The speakers put forward their ideas about the present status and future of some important aspect of their field of research. Some of the talks are sufficiently general and free of technicality to be accessible to a wide audience.