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Author : Wulfram Gerstner,Werner M. Kistler,Richard Naud,Liam Paninski
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 591 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2014-07-24
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781107060838
This solid introduction uses the principles of physics and the tools of mathematics to approach fundamental questions of neuroscience.
Author : John Smythies
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 174 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2002-05-17
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0262264676
A comprehensive review of current research on synaptic plasticity. The traditional model of synapses as fixed structures has been replaced by a dynamic one in which synapses are constantly being deleted and replaced. This book, written by a leading researcher on the neurochemistry of schizophrenia, integrates material from neuroscience and cell biology to provide a comprehensive account of our current knowledge of the neurochemical basis of synaptic plasticity. The book presents the evidence for synaptic plasticity, an account of the dendritic spine and the glutamate synapse with a focus on redox mechanisms, and the biochemical basis of the Hebbian synapse. It discusses the role of endocytosis, special proteins, and local protein synthesis. Additional topics include volume transmission, arachidonic acid signaling, hormonal modulation, and psychological stress. Finally, the book considers pharmacological and clinical implications of current research, particularly with reference to schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease.
Author : Christoph Börgers
Publisher : Springer
Page : 457 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2017-04-17
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9783319511719
This book is intended as a text for a one-semester course on Mathematical and Computational Neuroscience for upper-level undergraduate and beginning graduate students of mathematics, the natural sciences, engineering, or computer science. An undergraduate introduction to differential equations is more than enough mathematical background. Only a slim, high school-level background in physics is assumed, and none in biology. Topics include models of individual nerve cells and their dynamics, models of networks of neurons coupled by synapses and gap junctions, origins and functions of population rhythms in neuronal networks, and models of synaptic plasticity. An extensive online collection of Matlab programs generating the figures accompanies the book.
Author : Mingzhou Ding,Dennis Glanzman
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 393 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780195393798
Theoretical, experimental and clinical perspectives. Readership: Graduate students, postdocs and research scientists in Neuroscience.
Author : Eugene M. Izhikevich
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 459 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2010-01-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780262514200
Explains the relationship of electrophysiology, nonlinear dynamics, and the computational properties of neurons, with each concept presented in terms of both neuroscience and mathematics and illustrated using geometrical intuition. In order to model neuronal behavior or to interpret the results of modeling studies, neuroscientists must call upon methods of nonlinear dynamics. This book offers an introduction to nonlinear dynamical systems theory for researchers and graduate students in neuroscience. It also provides an overview of neuroscience for mathematicians who want to learn the basic facts of electrophysiology. Dynamical Systems in Neuroscience presents a systematic study of the relationship of electrophysiology, nonlinear dynamics, and computational properties of neurons. It emphasizes that information processing in the brain depends not only on the electrophysiological properties of neurons but also on their dynamical properties. The book introduces dynamical systems, starting with one- and two-dimensional Hodgkin-Huxley-type models and continuing to a description of bursting systems. Each chapter proceeds from the simple to the complex, and provides sample problems at the end. The book explains all necessary mathematical concepts using geometrical intuition; it includes many figures and few equations, making it especially suitable for non-mathematicians. Each concept is presented in terms of both neuroscience and mathematics, providing a link between the two disciplines. Nonlinear dynamical systems theory is at the core of computational neuroscience research, but it is not a standard part of the graduate neuroscience curriculum—or taught by math or physics department in a way that is suitable for students of biology. This book offers neuroscience students and researchers a comprehensive account of concepts and methods increasingly used in computational neuroscience. An additional chapter on synchronization, with more advanced material, can be found at the author's website, www.izhikevich.com.
Author : John Raymond Smythies
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 150 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Neurochemistry
ISBN : OCLC:507045664
Annotation The traditional model of synapses as fixed structures has been replaced by a dynamic one in which synapses are constantly being deleted and replaced. This book, written by a leading researcher on the neurochemistry of schizophrenia, integrates material from neuroscience and cell biology to provide a comprehensive account of our current knowledge of the neurochemical basis of synaptic plasticity.The book presents the evidence for synaptic plasticity, an account of the dendritic spine and the glutamate synapse with a focus on redox mechanisms, and the biochemical basis of the Hebbian synapse. It discusses the role of endocytosis, special proteins, and local protein synthesis. Additional topics include volume transmission, arachidonic acid signaling, hormonal modulation, and psychological stress. Finally, the book considers pharmacological and clinical implications of current research, particularly with reference to schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease.
Author : Michel J.A.M. van Putten
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 259 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2020-12-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783662611845
This book treats essentials from neurophysiology (Hodgkin–Huxley equations, synaptic transmission, prototype networks of neurons) and related mathematical concepts (dimensionality reductions, equilibria, bifurcations, limit cycles and phase plane analysis). This is subsequently applied in a clinical context, focusing on EEG generation, ischaemia, epilepsy and neurostimulation. The book is based on a graduate course taught by clinicians and mathematicians at the Institute of Technical Medicine at the University of Twente. Throughout the text, the author presents examples of neurological disorders in relation to applied mathematics to assist in disclosing various fundamental properties of the clinical reality at hand. Exercises are provided at the end of each chapter; answers are included. Basic knowledge of calculus, linear algebra, differential equations and familiarity with MATLAB or Python is assumed. Also, students should have some understanding of essentials of (clinical) neurophysiology, although most concepts are summarized in the first chapters. The audience includes advanced undergraduate or graduate students in Biomedical Engineering, Technical Medicine and Biology. Applied mathematicians may find pleasure in learning about the neurophysiology and clinic essentials applications. In addition, clinicians with an interest in dynamics of neural networks may find this book useful, too.
Author : Mingzhou Ding, PhD,Dennis Glanzman,PhD
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2011-01-18
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780199397464
It is a well-known fact of neurophysiology that neuronal responses to identically presented stimuli are extremely variable. This variability has in the past often been regarded as "noise." At the single neuron level, interspike interval (ISI) histograms constructed during either spontaneous or stimulus evoked activity reveal a Poisson type distribution. These observations have been taken as evidence that neurons are intrinsically "noisy" in their firing properties. In fact, the use of averaging techniques, like post-stimulus time histograms (PSTH) or event-related potentials (ERPs) have largely been justified based on the presence of what was believed to be noise in the neuronal responses. More recent attempts to measure the information content of single neuron spike trains have revealed that a surprising amount of information can be coded in spike trains even in the presence of trial-to-trial variability. Multiple single unit recording experiments have suggested that variability formerly attributed to noise in single cell recordings may instead simply reflect system-wide changes in cellular response properties. These observations raise the possibility that, at least at the level of neuronal coding, the variability seen in single neuron responses may not simply reflect an underlying noisy process. They further raise the very distinct possibility that noise may in fact contain real, meaningful information which is available for the nervous system in information processing. To understand how neurons work in concert to bring about coherent behavior and its breakdown in disease, neuroscientists now routinely record simultaneously from hundreds of different neurons and from different brain areas, and then attempt to evaluate the network activities by computing various interdependence measures, including cross correlation, phase synchronization and spectral coherence. This book examines neuronal variability from theoretical, experimental and clinical perspectives.
Author : Robert B. Northrop
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 490 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2000-11-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781420041729
Although neural modeling has a long history, most of the texts available on the subject are quite limited in scope, dealing primarily with the simulation of large-scale biological neural networks applicable to describing brain function. Introduction to Dynamic Modeling of Neuro-Sensory Systems presents the mathematical tools and methods that can de
Author : Wulfram Gerstner,Werner M. Kistler
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 498 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2002-08-15
Category : Computers
ISBN : 0521890799
Neurons in the brain communicate by short electrical pulses, the so-called action potentials or spikes. How can we understand the process of spike generation? How can we understand information transmission by neurons? What happens if thousands of neurons are coupled together in a seemingly random network? How does the network connectivity determine the activity patterns? And, vice versa, how does the spike activity influence the connectivity pattern? These questions are addressed in this 2002 introduction to spiking neurons aimed at those taking courses in computational neuroscience, theoretical biology, biophysics, or neural networks. The approach will suit students of physics, mathematics, or computer science; it will also be useful for biologists who are interested in mathematical modelling. The text is enhanced by many worked examples and illustrations. There are no mathematical prerequisites beyond what the audience would meet as undergraduates: more advanced techniques are introduced in an elementary, concrete fashion when needed.
Author : Dietmar Plenz,Ernst Niebur
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 734 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2014-04-14
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783527651023
Neurowissenschaftler suchen nach Antworten auf die Fragen, wie wir lernen und Information speichern, welche Prozesse im Gehirn verantwortlich sind und in welchem Zeitrahmen diese ablaufen. Die Konzepte, die aus der Physik kommen und weiterentwickelt werden, können in Medizin und Soziologie, aber auch in Robotik und Bildanalyse Anwendung finden. Zentrales Thema dieses Buches sind die sogenannten kritischen Phänomene im Gehirn. Diese werden mithilfe mathematischer und physikalischer Modelle beschrieben, mit denen man auch Erdbeben, Waldbrände oder die Ausbreitung von Epidemien modellieren kann. Neuere Erkenntnisse haben ergeben, dass diese selbstgeordneten Instabilitäten auch im Nervensystem auftreten. Dieses Referenzwerk stellt theoretische und experimentelle Befunde internationaler Gehirnforschung vor zeichnet die Perspektiven dieses neuen Forschungsfeldes auf.
Author : György Buzsáki,Yves Christen
Publisher : Springer
Page : 181 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2016-05-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319288024
This book brings together leading investigators who represent various aspects of brain dynamics with the goal of presenting state-of-the-art current progress and address future developments. The individual chapters cover several fascinating facets of contemporary neuroscience from elementary computation of neurons, mesoscopic network oscillations, internally generated assembly sequences in the service of cognition, large-scale neuronal interactions within and across systems, the impact of sleep on cognition, memory, motor-sensory integration, spatial navigation, large-scale computation and consciousness. Each of these topics require appropriate levels of analyses with sufficiently high temporal and spatial resolution of neuronal activity in both local and global networks, supplemented by models and theories to explain how different levels of brain dynamics interact with each other and how the failure of such interactions results in neurologic and mental disease. While such complex questions cannot be answered exhaustively by a dozen or so chapters, this volume offers a nice synthesis of current thinking and work-in-progress on micro-, meso- and macro- dynamics of the brain.
Author : Hermann Haken
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2006-11-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540462842
This book addresses a large variety of models in mathematical and computational neuroscience. It is written for the experts as well as for graduate students wishing to enter this fascinating field of research. The author studies the behaviour of large neural networks composed of many neurons coupled by spike trains. An analysis of phase locking via sinusoidal couplings leading to various kinds of movement coordination is included.
Author : Stefano Spezia
Publisher : Arcler Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2017-11
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1773611240
Neuronal Dynamics is a field of knowledge that creates models of individual neurons and biological neural networks of any part of the nervous system. Ongoing research efforts of spiking neural networks attempts to gain a better understanding of the brain and/or realize its electronic replicas that partially imitate brain functionalities such as learning and memory. In particular, the cortex is a complex system, characterized by its dynamics and architecture, which underlie many functions such as action, perception, learning, language, and cognition. Despite its structural architecture has been studied for more than a hundred years, its dynamics is not entirely understood.The book begins with a brief introduction that provides some basilar concepts about the neurophysiology of the neurons. In particular, the morphology of both neurons and synapsis, the action potentials and electrical properties of the cell membrane have been considered. Section 1 focuses on the most influential and enduring cellular model: the Hodgkin-Huxley action potential model, which historically was constructed for the squid giant axon and persists to this day. Section 2 discusses of integrate-and-fire neuron models which present the advantage to be well applicable to study the dynamics of large neuronal populations, due to their computational efficiency and analytical tractability. Section 3 present recent works about the FitzHugh-Nagumo model. In particular, the study of the influence of the cortex curvature on spreading depression, the propagation of excitation waves in moving media, and the identification of chaotic elements as a source of certain diseases have been taken into account. Section 4 deals with the interacting neuronal populations, the appearance of chaos in neuronal networks and the interaction between synaptic inhibition and glial-potassium dynamics. Finally, the last Section 5 focuses on dynamic of cognition. In particular, the key role of metastable states in the execution of cognitive functions, the statistical description of neuronal ensembles in terms of a Fokker-Planck equation, and the unification of probabilistic inference and synaptic plasticity by using a neuronal network that implements the well-studied Helmholtz Machine are discussed.
Author : M.A. Steiner,M. Yanagisawa,M. Clozel
Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Page : 165 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2021-05-28
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9783318068443
The orexin system, discovered in 1998, has emerged as a crucial player in regulating the sleep and wake balance inside our brain. This discovery has sparked a burst of novel and dynamic research on the physiology and pathology of sleep. The Orexin System: Basic Science and Role in Sleep Pathology honors this research and the authors share their ideas and perspectives on the novel developments within the field. The book examines the intricate role of the orexin system in regulating sleep and wake, and its interaction with other wake-regulating systems. The orexin system is dissected at the cellular and molecular level to explore the diversity of the orexin-producing neurons, their projections, and their signaling pathways. Additionally, the book discusses the diseases which are associated with a dysfunctional orexin system, such as narcolepsy, insomnia, substance abuse, and Alzheimer’s disease, and explores the new potential therapeutic applications derived from the burst of research around this fascinating system. This publication is essential reading for neurobiologists, neurologists, psychopharmacologists, sleep researchers, and other researchers and clinical scientists interested in sleep, sleep research, insomnia, and medicine in general.
