The Economics Of Tax And Social Security In Japan

Author : Yoshimi Adachi
Publisher : Springer
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2018-03-30
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789811071768

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The Economics of Tax and Social Security in Japan by Yoshimi Adachi Pdf

This book integrates the fundamentals of quantitative significance, using existing estimates of the elasticities of demand for tax, health insurance, and medical services in a static microsimulation model. It serves as a guide to the financial and social basics of health insurance and provides the reader with the intellectual groundwork indispensable for understanding the incorrect assumptions about the elasticities of demand and pattern of tax and health insurance. Most countries feel constant pressure because expenditure is increasing and resources are scarce. The topics addressed in this book including several frameworks leading to over-insurance, excess demand for medical care, and rapid expenditure growth in the medical care sector. Illustrated by carefully chosen examples and supported by extensive data analyses, this book is highly recommended to readers who seek an in-depth and up-to-date integrated overview of the ever-expanding theoretical and quantitative fields of containing costs, increasing funding for health services, or both.

Author : Toshiaki Tachibanaki
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Political Science
ISBN : UCSD:31822033454067

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The Economics of Social Security in Japan by Toshiaki Tachibanaki Pdf

This book provides a comprehensive appraisal of social security in Japan, where traditionally the burden of welfare provision has been the main responsibility of the family and employers, rather than the state. However, an ageing population, changes in family structure and continued recession has led to an urgent reappraisal of this situation. The book begins by examining the social security system in Japan as a whole, before focusing on specific issues. These include public and occupational pensions, medical care and childcare, and the availability and accessibility of social infrastructure for the old and handicapped. In each case, the distinguished authors address the unique problems associated with Japan and propose practical policy recommendations for social security reform. The book also discusses the future path of Japanese welfare transition and explores the advantages and disadvantages of the private sector model for welfare provision compared to the public sector model. The expert contributors, including both Japanese and international specialists, provide a critical evaluation of social security reform in Japan, set against the background of future demographic and economic trends. This book will appeal to all scholars of public policy, welfare policy and public finance. It will also be of interest to anyone working on the merits and demerits of different social security systems.

Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2012-08-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781475563528

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Japan by International Monetary Fund Pdf

Japan has a universal public pension system. Social security spending is a key fiscal policy challenge in Japan. The 2004 pension reforms have increased the ratio of the government subsidy to the basic pension benefit. Three reform measures are necessary to improve pension finances: an increase in pension eligibility age, a reduction in the pension benefit, and an increase in contributions. Eliminating the preferential tax treatments of pension income and collecting pension contributions from dependent spouses could contribute to fiscal savings.

Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 109 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 1997-10-31
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781451820539

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Japan by International Monetary Fund Pdf

This paper reviews economic and policy developments in Japan during the 1990s. It suggests that, while growth is likely to be adversely affected in the near term owing to the fiscal consolidation measures adopted as part of the FY1997 budget, the prospects are favorable for continued economic recovery, supported by improved labor market developments and external demand. A declining working-age population, however, will constrain underlying growth over the longer term. The paper also suggests that a deeper and more accelerated fiscal adjustment would help ensure a declining debt ratio over the medium term.

Author : A. Okamoto
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 175 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9784431539759

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Tax Policy for Aging Societies by A. Okamoto Pdf

The Japanese population is aging faster than any other in the world. The per centage of Japan's population aged 65 and above was only 7.1% in 1970,but just 30 years later, in 2000, it reached 17.2%. A declining birth rate and a rising average life expectancy will continue to push this trend further. This situation is causing serious problems for Japanese society.Structural reforms, especially tax and social security reforms, to accommodate this drastic demographic change have become an urgent policy issue. The purpose of this book is to establish guidelines for tax and social security reforms in Japan in terms that are both efficient and equitable. In this study, an extended life-cycle general equilibrium model is employed to rigorously take account of the rapidly aging Japanese population. The simulation approach adopted in our analysis permits us to calculate the effects of alternative policy packages on capital accumulation and economic welfare. This enables us to make proposals for concrete economic policies.

Author : Zhiyong An,Kohei Asao
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 16 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2023-05-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9798400242380

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Options to Strengthen the Social Safety Net in by Zhiyong An,Kohei Asao Pdf

Japan’s unemployment rate remains relatively low compared to other OECD countries. However, Japan’s poverty rate among the working-age population is one of the higher ones among OECD countries. The public assistance program in Japan does not provide adequate income support for the working poor and creates inherent work disincentives. In this context, the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) warrants consideration to strengthen the social safety net and relieve poverty of the working poor in Japan. This paper provides an overview of the theoretical and practical issues of EITC, aiming to support its potential introduction in Japan.

Author : International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 79 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2018-11-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781484386811

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Japan by International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept Pdf

Selected Issues

Author : Jonathan Gruber,David A. Wise
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 752 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2009-02-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780226309989

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Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World by Jonathan Gruber,David A. Wise Pdf

Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World represents the second stage of an ongoing research project studying the relationship between social security and labor. In the first volume, Jonathan Gruber and David A. Wise revealed enormous disincentives to continued work at older ages in developed countries. Provisions of many social security programs typically encourage retirement by reducing pay for work, inducing older employees to leave the labor force early and magnifying the financial burden caused by an aging population. At a certain age there is simply no financial benefit to continuing to work. In this volume, the authors turn to a country-by-country analysis of retirement behavior based on micro-data. The result of research compiled by teams in twelve countries, the volume shows an almost uniform correlation between levels of social security incentives and retirement behavior in each country. The estimates also show that the effect is strikingly uniform in countries with very different cultural histories, labor market institutions, and other social characteristics.

Author : Axel Börsch-Supan,Courtney C. Coile
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 481 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2021-03-05
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780226674247

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Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World by Axel Börsch-Supan,Courtney C. Coile Pdf

This ninth phase of the International Social Security project, which studies the experiences of twelve developed countries, examines the effects of public pension reform on employment at older ages. In the past two decades, men’s labor force participation at older ages has increased, reversing a long-term pattern of decline; participation rates for older women have increased dramatically as well. While better health, more education, and changes in labor-supply behavior of married couples may have affected this trend, these factors alone cannot explain the magnitude of the employment increase or its large variation across countries. The studies in this volume explore how financial incentives to work at older ages have evolved as a result of public pension reforms since 1980 and how these changes have affected retirement behavior. Utilizing a common template to analyze the developments across countries, the findings suggest that social security reforms have strengthened the financial returns to working at older ages and that these enhanced financial incentives have contributed to the rise in late-life employment.

Author : Hiromitsu Ishi
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 374 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2000-12-07
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780191590115

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Making Fiscal Policy in Japan by Hiromitsu Ishi Pdf

Making Fiscal Policy in Japan is written for those who want to understand the role and performance of fiscal policy as an integral component of macroeconomic policy, and the attendant effects on economic growth. The case explored here is post-Second World War Japan, but the approach is one of international comparison. Ishi traces and analyses the central features of postwar Japanese fiscal policy and considers the institutional framework and policy objectives which shaped the budget process. The first part of the book provides a detailed overview of the topic, with detailed institutional and empirical information. In particular, the role that government played in Japan's postwar economic growth is explored in depth, with specific focus on the four sub-periods of occupation, rapid economic growth, internationalization, and the bubble economy. Part II explains the basic framework of budgets, the budgetary process in Japan, and fundamental strategies of fiscal authority. It looks in depth at the unique aspects of the balanced budget policy for 1953-65 and then at how financial resources for budgeting were automatically generated in a growing economy. The final part analyses specific policy issues in the public sector, among them human resource development, the ageing population and the social security system, tax incentives for export promotion, the Fiscal Investment and Loan Programme, and intergovernmental grant policy. Ishi argues that the Japanese government has been generally passive in guiding the state's economic activities, using fiscal policy to support the private economy rather than directly to influence the economy through deliberate expenditure and tax policies. The approach has been one of enhancing the market rather than of government intervention.

Author : Hiromitsu Ishi
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 454 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780199242566

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The Japanese Tax System by Hiromitsu Ishi Pdf

This book provides English-speakers with a comprehensive description and incisive critique of the Japanese tax system. The third edition explores the Japanese government's latest round of tax reforms - a reaction to the country's prolonged period of recession following the collapse of the 'bubble' phenomenon in 1991. Two brand new chapters discuss the effect of environmental taxes and land tax reform, and much of the original data and empirical material has been updated.

Author : Tokue Shibata
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105040266939

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Public Finance in Japan by Tokue Shibata Pdf

Monograph consisting 10 contributions by sholars and officials of government agencies designed to explain the role of public finance in Japan and how it develops. The tax system is included.

Author : Toshihiro Ihori,Takerō Doi
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105132261525

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The Public Sector in Japan by Toshihiro Ihori,Takerō Doi Pdf

This book presents a comprehensive, theory-based analysis of Japan's public sector. Particular emphasis is directed at developing tools that can be applied to theoretically and empirically clarify essential economic concerns in Japan's public sector. These include macroeconomic incidence of fiscal decentralization, dependence on government bonds for covering financial deficits, and social security reform. In analyzing Japan's underperforming public sector, the authors develop and recommend policy solutions aimed at achieving Japan's growth potential, improving the quality of the public sector, and strengthening the sector's contribution to the Japanese economy.

Author : Thomas Dalsgaard,Masaaki Kawagoe
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 96 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Tax administration and procedure
ISBN : STANFORD:36105110489189

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The Tax System in Japan by Thomas Dalsgaard,Masaaki Kawagoe Pdf

Author : Antonio Sagrista Freixas
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 600 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 1963
Category : Japan
ISBN : CORNELL:31924002288540

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Social Security in Japan by Antonio Sagrista Freixas Pdf