The Genius Of Archimedes 23 Centuries Of Influence On Mathematics Science And Engineering

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The Genius of Archimedes -- 23 Centuries of Influence on Mathematics, Science and Engineering

S. A. Paipetis,Marco Ceccarelli

Author : S. A. Paipetis,Marco Ceccarelli
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 499 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2010-05-25
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789048190911

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The Genius of Archimedes -- 23 Centuries of Influence on Mathematics, Science and Engineering by S. A. Paipetis,Marco Ceccarelli Pdf

Archimedes is held in high esteem by mathematicians, physicists and engineers as one of the most brilliant scientists of all time. These proceedings contain original, unpublished papers with the primary emphasis on the scientific work of Archimedes and his influence on the fields of mathematics, science, and engineering. There are also papers dealing with archaeological aspects and the myths and legends about Archimedes and about the Archimedes Palimpsest. Papers on the following subjects form part of the book: Hydrostatics (buoyancy, fluid pressure and density, stability of floating bodies); Mechanics (levers, pulleys, centers of gravity, laws of equilibrium); Pycnometry (measurement of volume and density); Integral Calculus (Archimedes as the father of the integral calculus, method of exhaustion, approximation of pi, determination of areas and volumes); Mathematical Physics (Archimedes as the father of mathematical physics, Law of the Lever, Law of Buoyancy, Axiomatization of Physics); History of Mathematics and Mechanics (Archimedes’ influence in antiquity, the middle ages, the Renaissance, and modern times; his influence on Leonado da Vinci, Galileo, Newton, and other giants of science and mathematics); Ancient Machines and Mechanisms (catapults, water screws, iron hands, compound pulleys, planetaria, water clocks, celestial globes, the Antikythera Mechanism); Archimedean Solids (their rediscovery in the Rennaisance and their applications in materials science and chemistry); Archimedean Legends (how stories of golden crowns, eureka moments, naked runs, burning mirrors, steam cannons, etc., have influenced us through the ages, whether true or not); The Cattle Problem (how its 18th century rediscovery inspired the study of equations with integer solutions); Teaching the Ideas of Archimedes (how his life and works have influenced the teaching of science, mathematics, and engineering).

The Genius of Archimedes -- 23 Centuries of Influence on Mathematics, Science and Engineering

S A Paipetis,Marco Ceccarelli

Author : S A Paipetis,Marco Ceccarelli
Publisher : Springer
Page : 528 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2010-05-29
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9048190924

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The Genius of Archimedes -- 23 Centuries of Influence on Mathematics, Science and Engineering by S A Paipetis,Marco Ceccarelli Pdf

Archimedes is held in high esteem by mathematicians, physicists and engineers as one of the most brilliant scientists of all time. These proceedings contain original, unpublished papers with the primary emphasis on the scientific work of Archimedes and his influence on the fields of mathematics, science, and engineering. There are also papers dealing with archaeological aspects and the myths and legends about Archimedes and about the Archimedes Palimpsest. Papers on the following subjects form part of the book: Hydrostatics (buoyancy, fluid pressure and density, stability of floating bodies); Mechanics (levers, pulleys, centers of gravity, laws of equilibrium); Pycnometry (measurement of volume and density); Integral Calculus (Archimedes as the father of the integral calculus, method of exhaustion, approximation of pi, determination of areas and volumes); Mathematical Physics (Archimedes as the father of mathematical physics, Law of the Lever, Law of Buoyancy, Axiomatization of Physics); History of Mathematics and Mechanics (Archimedes' influence in antiquity, the middle ages, the Renaissance, and modern times; his influence on Leonado da Vinci, Galileo, Newton, and other giants of science and mathematics); Ancient Machines and Mechanisms (catapults, water screws, iron hands, compound pulleys, planetaria, water clocks, celestial globes, the Antikythera Mechanism); Archimedean Solids (their rediscovery in the Rennaisance and their applications in materials science and chemistry); Archimedean Legends (how stories of golden crowns, eureka moments, naked runs, burning mirrors, steam cannons, etc., have influenced us through the ages, whether true or not); The Cattle Problem (how its 18th century rediscovery inspired the study of equations with integer solutions); Teaching the Ideas of Archimedes (how his life and works have influenced the teaching of science, mathematics, and engineering).

Archimedes in the 21st Century

Chris Rorres

Author : Chris Rorres
Publisher : Birkhäuser
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2017-08-26
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9783319580593

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Archimedes in the 21st Century by Chris Rorres Pdf

This book is a collection of papers presented at the “Archimedes in the 21st Century” world conference, held at the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences in 2013. This conference focused on the enduring and continuing influence of Archimedes in our modern world, celebrating his centuries of influence on mathematics, science, and engineering. Archimedes planted the seeds for a myriad of seminal ideas that would grow over the ages. Each chapter surveys the growth of one or more of these seeds, and the fruit that they continue to bear to this day. The conference speakers contributing to this book are actively involved in STEM fields whose origins trace back to Archimedes, many of whom have conducted and published research that extends Archimedes’ work into the 21st century. The speakers are not historians, so while historical context is provided, this book is uniquely focused on the works themselves as opposed to their history. The breadth and depth of Archimedes’ influence will inspire, delight, and even surprise readers from a variety of fields and interests including historians, mathematicians, scientists, and engineers. Only a modest background in math is required to read this book, making it accessible to curious readers of all ages.

Distinguished Figures in Mechanism and Machine Science

Marco Ceccarelli

Author : Marco Ceccarelli
Publisher : Springer
Page : 347 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2014-05-21
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789401789479

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Distinguished Figures in Mechanism and Machine Science by Marco Ceccarelli Pdf

This book is composed of chapters that focus specifically on technological developments by distinguished figures in the history of MMS (Mechanism and Machine Science). Biographies of well-known scientists are also included to describe their efforts and experiences and surveys of their work and achievements and a modern interpretation of their legacy are presented. After the first two volumes, the papers in this third volume again cover a wide range within the field of the History of Mechanical Engineering with specific focus on MMS and will be of interest and motivation to the work (historical or not) of many.

Numerical Computations: Theory and Algorithms

Yaroslav D. Sergeyev,Dmitri E. Kvasov

Author : Yaroslav D. Sergeyev,Dmitri E. Kvasov
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 634 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2020-02-13
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783030390815

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Numerical Computations: Theory and Algorithms by Yaroslav D. Sergeyev,Dmitri E. Kvasov Pdf

The two-volume set LNCS 11973 and 11974 constitute revised selected papers from the Third International Conference on Numerical Computations: Theory and Algorithms, NUMTA 2019, held in Crotone, Italy, in June 2019. This volume, LNCS 11973, consists of 34 full and 18 short papers chosen among papers presented at special streams and sessions of the Conference. The papers in part I were organized following the topics of these special sessions: approximation: methods, algorithms, and applications; computational methods for data analysis; first order methods in optimization: theory and applications; high performance computing in modelling and simulation; numbers, algorithms, and applications; optimization and management of water supply.

The Antikythera Mechanism

Evaggelos G. Vallianatos

Author : Evaggelos G. Vallianatos
Publisher : Universal-Publishers
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2021-10-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9781627343589

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The Antikythera Mechanism by Evaggelos G. Vallianatos Pdf

In Antikythera Mechanism: The Story Behind the Genius of the Greek Computer and Its Demise, Evaggelos Vallianatos, historian and ecopolitical theorist, shows that after the conquest of Persia by Alexander the Great in the late fourth century BCE, the Greeks, especially in Egypt, reached unprecedented heights of achievements in science, technology, and civilization. The Antikythera Mechanism, an astronomical computer probably crafted in Rhodes in the second century BCE, was proof of that prowess. It’s the grandfather of our computers. Greek sponge divers discovered the Antikythera Mechanism in 1900 on a 2,100-year-old Roman-era shipwreck. The hand-powered device reveals a sophisticated Greek technology previously unknown to scholars and historians, not seen and understood again until the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. The book not only describes how the sophisticated political and technological infrastructure of the Greeks after Alexander the Great resulted in the Antikythera celestial computer, and the bedrock of science and technology we know today, but also how the influence of Christianity on Greek civilization destroyed the nascent computer age of ancient Greece. Vallianatos, born in Greece and educated in America, is a historian, author, and journalist. He is a passionate champion of Greek culture and a well-suited guide to this historical account. Vallianatos explains how and why Greek scientists employed advanced engineering in translating the beautiful conception of the Antikythera Mechanism into an astronomical computer of genius: a bronze-geared device of mathematical astronomy, predicting the eclipses of the Sun and the Moon; calculating the risings and settings of important stars and constellations, and the movements of the planets around the Sun; while mechanizing the predictions of scientific theories. The computer’s accurate calendar connected these cosmic phenomena to the Olympics and other major Panhellenic religious and athletic celebrations, bringing the Greeks closer to their gods, traditions, and the Cosmos.

Gears

Vincenzo Vullo

Author : Vincenzo Vullo
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2020-02-14
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783030401641

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Gears by Vincenzo Vullo Pdf

This book provides a compact history of gears, by summarizing the main stages of their development and the corresponding gradual acquisition of engineering expertise, from the antiquity to the Renaissance and the twentieth century. This brief history makes no claim to be exhaustive, since the topic is so extensive, complex and fascinating that it deserves an entire encyclopedia. Despite its brevity, the book debunks a number of popular misconceptions, such as the belief that the first literary description of a gear was supplied by Aristotle. It disproves not only this myth, but also other peremptory statements and/or axiomatic assumptions that have no basis in written documents, archaeological findings or other factual evidence. The book is chiefly intended for students and lecturers, historians of science and scientists, and all those who want to learn about the genesis and evolution of this topic.

Higher Education in the Arab World

Adnan Badran,Elias Baydoun,Sandra Hillman,Joelle Mesmar

Author : Adnan Badran,Elias Baydoun,Sandra Hillman,Joelle Mesmar
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2023-09-26
Category : Education
ISBN : 9783031335686

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Higher Education in the Arab World by Adnan Badran,Elias Baydoun,Sandra Hillman,Joelle Mesmar Pdf

This book provides a comprehensive insight into the benefits and advantages of adopting technology-driven learning as a central pillar of the universities’ teaching, learning, research, and social-responsibility strategies. Despite the importance of adopting technology-enhanced learning within higher education institutions, Arab countries are still slow to change. Arab Universities are facing the need to adopt new methods of learning to serve the demands of a changing demography in the higher education community as well as the requirements of Industry 4.0 and Society 4.0. E-Learning and distance education are not just about technology, but they are about education, pedagogy, curriculum design, research, and innovation. The book also discusses the best methods to implement these modes of learning while taking into consideration all the hurdles and challenges specific to the Arab world. The needs of students (undergraduate and postgraduate), faculty, and the university at large are considered while drawing on the best quality-assurance practices to ensure the quality of education remains uncompromised. Also featured in this book are experiences from Arab Universities and recommendations for improvements that facilitate the use of education technology tools as part the university’s pedagogy to harness the full potential for implementing e-learning and distance education.

The Idea of Principles in Early Modern Thought

Peter R. Anstey

Author : Peter R. Anstey
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 299 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2017-04-07
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781315452678

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The Idea of Principles in Early Modern Thought by Peter R. Anstey Pdf

This collection presents the first sustained examination of the nature and status of the idea of principles in early modern thought. Principles are almost ubiquitous in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries: the term appears in famous book titles, such as Newton’s Principia; the notion plays a central role in the thought of many leading philosophers, such as Leibniz’s Principle of Sufficient Reason; and many of the great discoveries of the period, such as the Law of Gravitational Attraction, were described as principles. Ranging from mathematics and law to chemistry, from natural and moral philosophy to natural theology, and covering some of the leading thinkers of the period, this volume presents ten compelling new essays that illustrate the centrality and importance of the idea of principles in early modern thought. It contains chapters by leading scholars in the field, including the Leibniz scholar Daniel Garber and the historian of chemistry William R. Newman, as well as exciting, emerging scholars, such as the Newton scholar Kirsten Walsh and a leading expert on experimental philosophy, Alberto Vanzo. The Idea of Principles in Early Modern Thought: Interdisciplinary Perspectives charts the terrain of one of the period’s central concepts for the first time, and opens up new lines for further research.

Beyond open access: visions for open evaluation of scientific papers by post-publication peer review

Nikolaus Kriegeskorte,Diana Deca

Author : Nikolaus Kriegeskorte,Diana Deca
Publisher : Frontiers E-books
Page : 194 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2024-07-03
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9782889190683

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Beyond open access: visions for open evaluation of scientific papers by post-publication peer review by Nikolaus Kriegeskorte,Diana Deca Pdf

A scientific publication system needs to provide two basic services: access and evaluation. The traditional publication system restricts the access to papers by requiring payment, and it restricts the evaluation of papers by relying on just 2-4 pre-publication peer reviews and by keeping the reviews secret. As a result, the current system suffers from a lack of quality and transparency of the peer-review evaluation process, and the only immediately available indication of a new paper’s quality is the prestige of the journal it appeared in. Open access is now widely accepted as desirable and is slowly beginning to become a reality. However, the second essential element, evaluation, has received less attention. Open evaluation, an ongoing post-publication process of transparent peer review and rating of papers, promises to address the problems of the current system. However, it is unclear how exactly such a system should be designed. The evaluation system steers the attention of the scientific community and, thus, the very course of science. For better or worse, the most visible papers determine the direction of each field and guide funding and public policy decisions. Evaluation, therefore, is at the heart of the entire endeavor of science. As the number of scientific publications explodes, evaluation and selection will only gain importance. A grand challenge of our time, therefore, is to design the future system, by which we evaluate papers and decide which ones deserve broad attention. So far scientists have left the design of the evaluation process to journals and publishing companies. However, the steering mechanism of science should be designed by scientists. The cognitive, computational, and brain sciences are best prepared to take on this task, which will involve social and psychological considerations, software design, and modeling of the network of scientific papers and their interrelationships. This Research Topic in Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience collects visions for a future system of open evaluation. Because critical arguments about the current system abound, these papers will focus on constructive ideas and comprehensive designs for open evaluation systems. Design decisions include: Should the reviews and ratings be entirely transparent, or should some aspects be kept secret? Should other information, such as paper downloads be included in the evaluation? How can scientific objectivity be strengthened and political motivations weakened in the future system? Should the system include signed and authenticated reviews and ratings? Should the evaluation be an ongoing process, such that promising papers are more deeply evaluated? How can we bring science and statistics to the evaluation process (e.g. should rating averages come with error bars)? How should the evaluative information about each paper (e.g. peer ratings) be combined to prioritize the literature? Should different individuals and organizations be able to define their own evaluation formulae (e.g. weighting ratings according to different criteria)? How can we efficiently transition toward the future system? Ideally, the future system will derive its authority from a scientific literature on community-based open evaluation. We hope that these papers will provide a starting point.

Groundwater Sustainability

Robert E. Mace

Author : Robert E. Mace
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2023-01-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783031135163

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Groundwater Sustainability by Robert E. Mace Pdf

This book will provide a comprehensive discussion of groundwater sustainability, including what it is, how its definition has changed over time, why traditional assessments of it are wrong, how assessments of it are ideally multidisciplinary efforts recognizing that policy is more controlling of outcomes than science, and why achieving it is difficult once pumping exceeds sustainable levels of pumping. The book will provide a nontechnical background of hydrogeology relevant to groundwater sustainability and present several case studies from around the United States and the world. The book has been designed to appeal to academics, students, and practitioners. Academics, particularly those just getting into the subject, will find the book a useful entry in terms of management concepts and political realities of attempting to achieve groundwater sustainability. It will also be useful to academics in that the book will include discussions on the history and development of groundwater sustainability and the practical aspects of aspiring to and achieving sustainable production. Although not a textbook, the book could be used as the basis for teaching a course or as a supplement to a hydrogeology or groundwater management class. Accordingly, the book will include questions and additional reading materials at the end of each chapter. This book will also be useful to practitioners through non-technical explanations of the sciences, discussions of the nuances of defining sustainability in aquifers, and the presentation of case studies where sustainable management has failed and succeeded.

The Evolution of Knowledge

Jürgen Renn

Author : Jürgen Renn
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 584 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2022-05-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780691218595

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The Evolution of Knowledge by Jürgen Renn Pdf

A fundamentally new approach to the history of science and technology This book presents a new way of thinking about the history of science and technology, one that offers a grand narrative of human history in which knowledge serves as a critical factor of cultural evolution. Jürgen Renn examines the role of knowledge in global transformations going back to the dawn of civilization while providing vital perspectives on the complex challenges confronting us today in the Anthropocene—this new geological epoch shaped by humankind. Renn reframes the history of science and technology within a much broader history of knowledge, analyzing key episodes such as the evolution of writing, the emergence of science in the ancient world, the Scientific Revolution of early modernity, the globalization of knowledge, industrialization, and the profound transformations wrought by modern science. He investigates the evolution of knowledge using an array of disciplines and methods, from cognitive science and experimental psychology to earth science and evolutionary biology. The result is an entirely new framework for understanding structural changes in systems of knowledge—and a bold new approach to the history and philosophy of science. Written by one of today's preeminent historians of science, The Evolution of Knowledge features discussions of historiographical themes, a glossary of key terms, and practical insights on global issues ranging from climate change to digital capitalism. This incisive book also serves as an invaluable introduction to the history of knowledge.

Writing Science

Markus Asper

Author : Markus Asper
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 512 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2013-06-26
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9783110295122

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Writing Science by Markus Asper Pdf

Scientific and technological texts have not played a significant role in modern literary criticism. This applies to Classics, too, despite the fact that a large part of the field’s extant texts deal with questions of medicine, mathematics, and natural philosophy. Focusing mostly on medical and mathematical texts, this collection aims at approaching ancient Greek science and its texts from the cross-disciplinary perspective of authorship. Among the questions addressed are: What is a scientific author? In what respect does scientific writing differ from ‘literary’ writing? How does the author present himself as an authoritative figure through his text? What strategies of trust do these authors employ? These and related questions cannot be discussed within the typical boundaries of modern academic disciplines, thus most of the sixteen authors, many of them leading experts in the fields of ancient science, bring a comparative perspective to their subjects. As a result, the collection not only offers a new approach to this vast area of ancient literature, thus effectively discovering new possibilities for literary criticism, it also reflects on our current forms of scientific and scholarly written communication.

Between Tradition and Innovation

Ad J. Meskens

Author : Ad J. Meskens
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 307 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2021-03-29
Category : Education
ISBN : 9789004447905

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Between Tradition and Innovation by Ad J. Meskens Pdf

This book offers an analysis of the ground breaking mathematical work of Gregorio a San Vicente and his student and shows that the Flemish Jesuit Mathematics School had profound influence on mathematics in the seventeenth century.

Exploring Classical Greek Construction Problems with Interactive Geometry Software

Ad Meskens,Paul Tytgat

Author : Ad Meskens,Paul Tytgat
Publisher : Birkhäuser
Page : 185 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2017-02-02
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9783319428635

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Exploring Classical Greek Construction Problems with Interactive Geometry Software by Ad Meskens,Paul Tytgat Pdf

In this book the classical Greek construction problems are explored in a didactical, enquiry based fashion using Interactive Geometry Software (IGS). The book traces the history of these problems, stating them in modern terminology. By focusing on constructions and the use of IGS the reader is confronted with the same problems that ancient mathematicians once faced. The reader can step into the footsteps of Euclid, Viète and Cusanus amongst others and then by experimenting and discovering geometric relationships far exceed their accomplishments. Exploring these problems with the neusis-method lets him discover a class of interesting curves. By experimenting he will gain a deeper understanding of how mathematics is created. More than 100 exercises guide him through methods which were developed to try and solve the problems. The exercises are at the level of undergraduate students and only require knowledge of elementary Euclidean geometry and pre-calculus algebra. It is especially well-suited for those students who are thinking of becoming a mathematics teacher and for mathematics teachers.

The Genius Of Archimedes 23 Centuries Of Influence On Mathematics Science And Engineering

The Genius of Archimedes -- 23 Centuries of Influence on Mathematics, Science and Engineering by S. A. Paipetis,Marco Ceccarelli Pdf

The Genius of Archimedes -- 23 Centuries of Influence on Mathematics, Science and Engineering by S A Paipetis,Marco Ceccarelli Pdf

Archimedes in the 21st Century by Chris Rorres Pdf

Distinguished Figures in Mechanism and Machine Science by Marco Ceccarelli Pdf

Numerical Computations: Theory and Algorithms by Yaroslav D. Sergeyev,Dmitri E. Kvasov Pdf

The Antikythera Mechanism by Evaggelos G. Vallianatos Pdf

Gears by Vincenzo Vullo Pdf

Higher Education in the Arab World by Adnan Badran,Elias Baydoun,Sandra Hillman,Joelle Mesmar Pdf

The Idea of Principles in Early Modern Thought by Peter R. Anstey Pdf

Beyond open access: visions for open evaluation of scientific papers by post-publication peer review by Nikolaus Kriegeskorte,Diana Deca Pdf

Groundwater Sustainability by Robert E. Mace Pdf

The Evolution of Knowledge by Jürgen Renn Pdf

Writing Science by Markus Asper Pdf

Between Tradition and Innovation by Ad J. Meskens Pdf

Exploring Classical Greek Construction Problems with Interactive Geometry Software by Ad Meskens,Paul Tytgat Pdf

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