The Grammar Of Polarity

Author : Michael Israel
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 311 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2011-05-05
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781139500579

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The Grammar of Polarity by Michael Israel Pdf

Many languages include constructions which are sensitive to the expression of polarity: that is, negative polarity items, which cannot occur in affirmative clauses, and positive polarity items, which cannot occur in negatives. The phenomenon of polarity sensitivity has been an important source of evidence for theories about the mental architecture of grammar over the last fifty years, and to many the oddly dysfunctional sensitivities of polarity items have seemed to support a view of grammar as an encapsulated mental module fundamentally unrelated to other aspects of human cognition or communicative behavior. This book draws on insights from cognitive/functional linguistics and formal semantics to argue that, on the contrary, the grammar of sensitivity is grounded in a very general human cognitive ability to form categories and draw inferences based on scalar alternatives, and in the ways this ability is deployed for rhetorical effects in ordinary interpersonal communication.

Author : Ljiliana Progovac
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2010-01-26
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0511554303

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Negative and Positive Polarity by Ljiliana Progovac Pdf

In this book, Ljiljana Progovac presents cross-linguistic data on negative polarity, reflexive binding and the subjunctive mood, and proposes a unified analysis for various languages, including English and Serbian/Croatian. She argues that Negative Polarity Items (NPIs), such as 'anyone' and 'ever', are anaphoric in nature and must be bound in their governing category, while Positive Polarity Items (PPIs), such as 'someone' and 'already', are subject to Principle B of the Binding Theory. She also suggests that possible binders (and SUBJECTS) for polarity items are negation or else a polarity operator in the complementiser of questions, conditionals, and other clauses with an unfixed truth-value. Her analysis not only captures many similarities between polarity and anaphora, but also accounts for a number of hitherto unexplained facts about polarity items.

Author : Christine Dimroth,Stefan Sudhoff
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
Page : 299 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2018-11-15
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027263384

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The Grammatical Realization of Polarity Contrast by Christine Dimroth,Stefan Sudhoff Pdf

The polarity of a sentence is crucial for its meaning. It is thus hardly surprising that languages have developed devices to highlight this meaning component and to contrast statements with negative and positive polarity in discourse. Research on this issue has started from languages like German and Dutch, where prosody and assertive particles are systematically associated with polarity contrast. Recently, the grammatical realization of polarity contrast has been at the center of investigations in a range of other languages as well. Core questions concern the formal repertoire and the exact meaning contribution of the relevant devices, the kind of contrast they evoke, and their relation to information structure and sentence mood. This volume brings together researchers from a theoretical, an empirical, and a typological orientation and enhances our understanding of polarity with the help of in-depth analyses and cross-linguistic comparisons dealing with the syntactic, semantic, pragmatic and/or prosodic aspects of the phenomenon.

Author : Gennaro Chierchia
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 481 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2013-07-25
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780199697977

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Logic in Grammar by Gennaro Chierchia Pdf

In a fundamental investigation of language and human reasoning, Gennaro Chierchia looks at how syntactic and inferential processes interact through the study of polarity sensitive and free choice items. He reformulates the semantics of focus and scope and the pragmatics of implicature as part of the recursive semantic system.

Author : Eva Csipak,Regine Eckardt,Mingya Liu,Manfred Sailer
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2013-07-15
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110305234

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Beyond 'Any' and 'Ever' by Eva Csipak,Regine Eckardt,Mingya Liu,Manfred Sailer Pdf

The grammar of negative polarity items is one of the challengesfor linguistic theory. NPIs cross-cut all traditional categories in grammar and semantics, yet their distribution is by no means arbitrary. Theories of NPI licensing have been proposed in terms of syntax, semantics, and pragmatics - each with its own merits and problems. The volume comprises state-of-the-art studies and suggests an interpolation approach to NPI licensing.

Author : Laurence R. Horn,Yasuhiko Katō
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 286 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780198238744

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Negation and Polarity by Laurence R. Horn,Yasuhiko Katō Pdf

Negation is a central feature of language and cognition, interacting with all areas of grammar as well as with the philosophy of language. Whereas there is a cross-linguistic uniformity in logical and semantic aspects of negation, there is a diversity of syntactic and morphological forms andrules. This asymmetry in function and form poses problems for syntactic and universal grammar theory and for the study of the interface between syntax and discourse. It is particularly evident in negative polarity-words and phrases which can appear only in negative sentences. The exploration ofnegation and negative polarity phenomena and their implications for linguistic theory are the main themes of this book.

Author : Jack Hoeksema,Hotze Rullmann,Víctor Sánchez-Valencia,Ton van der Wouden
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2001-05-17
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027299161

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Perspectives on Negation and Polarity Items by Jack Hoeksema,Hotze Rullmann,Víctor Sánchez-Valencia,Ton van der Wouden Pdf

Perspectives on Negation and Polarity Items contains a selection of papers on the semantics, acquisition and licensing behavior of negation. Negation, being one of the prevalent features of any human language, has many facets of interest to linguists, psychologists and philosophers alike. In recent years, much attention has been paid to the complicated distributional patterns of polarity items. Many of the contributions in this volume are devoted to the study of one or more of these items in langages such as English (Laurence Horn, Anita Mittwoch, Chris Kennedy), Dutch (Jack Hoeksema and Hotze Rullmann, Henny Klein, Gertjan Postma), German (Gabriel Falkenberg), Hindi (Utpal Lahiri) and Greek (Anastasia Giannakidou). In addition, some general issues surrounding negation are addressed, such as the characterization of the notion “strength of negation” (Jay Atlas), the problem of NEG-raising (Lucia Tovena), the interaction of negation and modality (Johan van der Auwera) and the acquisition of negation (Kenneth Drozd).

Author : Viviane Déprez,M. Teresa Espinal
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 889 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2020-03-31
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780198830528

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The Oxford Handbook of Negation by Viviane Déprez,M. Teresa Espinal Pdf

In this volume, international experts in negation provide a comprehensive overview of cross-linguistic and philosophical research in the field, as well as accounts of more recent results from experimental linguistics, psycholinguistics, and neuroscience. The volume adopts an interdisciplinary approach to a range of fundamental questions ranging from why negation displays so many distinct linguistic forms to how prosody and gesture participate in the interpretation of negative utterances. Following an introduction from the editors, the chapters are arranged in eight parts that explore, respectively, the fundamentals of negation; issues in syntax; the syntax-semantics interface; semantics and pragmatics; negative dependencies; synchronic and diachronic variation; the emergence and acquisition of negation; and experimental investigations of negation. The volume will be an essential reference for students and researchers across a wide range of disciplines, and will facilitate further interdisciplinary work in the field.

Author : Danielle Forget,Paul Hirschbühler,France Martineau,María Luisa Rivero
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 1997-11-20
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027275899

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Negation and Polarity by Danielle Forget,Paul Hirschbühler,France Martineau,María Luisa Rivero Pdf

In the last decade, there has been a revival of interest regarding negation and polarity, with much cross-fertilization between semantic and syntactic approaches. The papers in the present volume address key issues regarding the syntax and semantics of negation and polarity, including both synchronic and diachronic perpectives. Central to the discussions are the distribution of negative markers and the structure of the clause, negative concord phenomena, licensing of polarity items, similarities between Neg-movement and wh-movement. The papers, by main contributors to the field, reflect different theoretical frameworks, including Principles and Parameters and Minimalist approaches, Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar, Formal Semantics, or approaches interested in pragmatics. The volume is of interest to syntacticians, semanticians, historical linguists, typologists, and philosophers.

Author : Ljiliana Progovac
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 184 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 1994-02-17
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0521444802

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Negative and Positive Polarity by Ljiliana Progovac Pdf

In this book, Ljiljana Progovac presents cross-linguistic data on negative polarity, reflexive binding and the subjunctive mood, and proposes a unified analysis for various languages, including English and Serbian/Croatian. She argues that Negative Polarity Items (NPIs), such as 'anyone' and 'ever', are anaphoric in nature and must be bound in their governing category, while Positive Polarity Items (PPIs), such as 'someone' and 'already', are subject to Principle B of the Binding Theory. She also suggests that possible binders (and SUBJECTS) for polarity items are negation or else a polarity operator in the complementiser of questions, conditionals, and other clauses with an unfixed truth-value. Her analysis not only captures many similarities between polarity and anaphora, but also accounts for a number of hitherto unexplained facts about polarity items.

Author : Ljiliana Progovac
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 184 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2005-11-17
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0521023793

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Negative and Positive Polarity by Ljiliana Progovac Pdf

In this book, Ljiljana Progovac presents cross-linguistic data on negative polarity, reflexive binding and the subjunctive mood, and proposes a unified analysis for various languages, including English and Serbian/Croatian. She argues that Negative Polarity Items (NPIs), such as 'anyone' and 'ever', are anaphoric in nature and must be bound in their governing category, while Positive Polarity Items (PPIs), such as 'someone' and 'already', are subject to Principle B of the Binding Theory. She also suggests that possible binders (and SUBJECTS) for polarity items are negation or else a polarity operator in the complementiser of questions, conditionals, and other clauses with an unfixed truth-value. Her analysis not only captures many similarities between polarity and anaphora, but also accounts for a number of hitherto unexplained facts about polarity items.

Author : Michael Israel
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 614 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Context (Linguistics)
ISBN : UCSD:31822026066530

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The Rhetoric of Grammar by Michael Israel Pdf

Author : Lena Baunaz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2011-03-02
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789400706217

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The Grammar of French Quantification by Lena Baunaz Pdf

This book is the first extensive study on French Quantification in the field of Syntax. It provides a typology of four main quantified noun phrases in French (existential, universal, negative and wh-), detailing their syntactic, semantic and prosodic behaviors and showing that they can be reduced to two classes—Split-DP structures or Floating quantification. Relying on syntax and semantics, the book establishes a three-way structural typology of wh in-situ phrases and extends it to existentials. It pays special attention to the prosodic properties associated with their different readings and proposes an analysis of the distribution of subextraction and pied-piping. Similarly based on semantic and syntactic tests, the book reveals N(egative) words to be universal Quantifiers. It proposes a new structure of N-words in terms of constituent negation and includes a detailed analysis of the difference between not an N and not all the N in French.

Author : Liliane Haegeman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 1995-03-30
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780521464925

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The Syntax of Negation by Liliane Haegeman Pdf

Demonstrates sentential negation within a Government and Binding framework, showing parallelism between negative and interrogative sentences.

Author : Laurence R. Horn
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Polarity
ISBN : OCLC:1316471154

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Negation and Polarity by Laurence R. Horn Pdf

Negation is a central feature of language and cognition, interacting with all areas of grammar as well as with the philosophy of language. Whereas there is a cross-linguistic uniformity in logical and semantic aspects of negation, there is a diversity of syntactic and morphological forms and rules. This asymmetry in function and form poses problems for syntactic and universal grammar theory and for the study of the interface between syntax and discourse. It is particularly evident in negative polarity words and phrases which can appear only in negative sentences. The exploration of negation and negative polarity phenomena and their implications for linguistic theory are the main themes of this book.