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Author : J. P. Felix D'Mello
Publisher : Cab International
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Amino acids
ISBN : 1780647247
Author : Gerhard Gottschalk
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 378 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780387961538
I am particularly indebted to Joan Macy, Lynne Quandt, Jan Andreesen and Peter Hillmer for reading the manuscript, for their criticisms and their suggestions, and I thank Ute Gnass for typing the manuscript and for her invaluable help with the indexing and with the preparation of the figures. Finally, I am grateful to the publishers for their patience, willing help, and cooperation. G6ttingen, 1978 GERHARD GOTTSCHALK Contents CHAPTER I Nutrition of Bacteria I. Major and Minor Bioelements I II. The Two Basic Mechanisms of ATP Synthesis 4 III. Nutrients as Energy Sources 6 IV. Growth Factor Requirements of Bacteria 9 V. Summary 10 CHAPTER 2 How Escherichia coli Synthesizes ATP during Aerobic Growth on Glucose I. Transport of D-Glucose into the E. coli Cell 13 II. Degradation of Glucose-6-Phosphate to Pyruvate via the Embden-Meyerhof- Parnas (EMP) Pathway 15 III. Oxidative Decarboxylation of Pyruvate to Acetyl-Coenzyme A 18 IV. Oxidation of Acetyl-CoA via the Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle 20 V. The Formation of ATP in the Respiratory Chain 22 VI. Summary 35 CHAPTER 3 Biosynthesis of Escherichia coli Cells from Glucose I. Composition of E. coli Cells 38 II. Assimilation of Ammonia 40 Ill. Assimilatory Reduction of Sulfate 42 IV. Biosynthesis of Amino Acids 43 V. How Pentose Phosphates and NADPH are Formed 55 xii Contents VI. Ribonucleotides and Deoxyribonucleotides 59 VII. Biosynthesis of Lipids 65 VIII. Formation of Carbohydrates 71 IX. Synthesis of Polymers 73 X. The Requirement for an Anaplerotic Sequence 92 XI.
Author : G. Gottschalk
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781468404654
This book has been written for students who are taking a course in bacterial metabolism. I hope, however, that scholars will also find it useful either as a help in teaching bacterial metabolism or as a review on the special aspects of metabolism in bacteria. The concept of this book results from my experience in teaching bacterial metabolism. In the first chapters the principal reactions of the energy and biosynthetic metabolism have been discussed using Escherichia coli as a model organism. Then the diversity of aerobic metabolism has been out lined. Following a brief description of the regulation of the level and the activity of enzymes in bacteria the characteristic features of fermentative, chemolithotrophic and phototrophic metabolism have been discussed. Finally, the last chapter has been devoted to nitrogen fixation. Throughout the text I have tried not only to describe metabolic pathways and enzyme reactions but also to elucidate the physiology of the microorganisms which carry out all these metabolic reactions. Two comments regarding the formulas used in this book are necessary.
Author : H. W. Doelle
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 752 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2014-06-28
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781483272375
Bacterial Metabolism, Second Edition describes microbial systematics and microbial chemistry and focuses on catabolic events. This book deals with the progress made in bacterial metabolism that includes data on regulatory mechanisms; comparison of bacterial growth kinetics with enzyme kinetics; aerobic amino acid catabolism; and the glucose transport mechanism. This text also emphasizes the development of photosynthetic phosphorylation in the different bacterial families. This book explains anaerobic respiration and carbohydrate metabolism—glucose, fructose, lactose, mannose, allose, and sorbitol. This text then describes aerobic respiration including the "Nitroso" and "Nitro" groups of genera, and the Knallgas bacteria, which use the reaction between molecular hydrogen and molecular oxygen as their source of energy. This book also explains the microbial transformation of iron as caused by either specific organisms (e.g. Ferrobacillus ferrooxidans) or nonspecific organisms. This selection also explains the process of fermentation by Enterobacteriaceae, lactic acid bacteria, and proteolytic clostridia. This text can be valuable for microchemists, microbiologists, students, and academicians whose disciplines are in biological chemistry and cellular biology.
Author : M. J. Hill
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 261 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2018-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781351082990
In this book an attempt has been made to give an update on the flora of the human digestive tract and its role in disease. This is a subject that has implications in many disciplines and therefore is aimed at not only microbiologists, but also clinicians, dentists, medical researchers, biochemists, and toxicologists who have a background knowledge of bacteriology but are not necessarily directly involved in research into the metabolic actions of gut bacteria.
Author : Rani Gupta,Namita Gupta
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 670 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2021-04-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811607233
This book provides useful information on microbial physiology and metabolism. The key aspects covered are prokaryotic diversity, growth physiology, basic metabolic pathways and their regulation, metabolic diversity with details of various unique pathways. Another focus area is stress physiology with details on varying environmental stresses, signal transduction, adaptation and survival. For instructional purposes, the book provides case studies, interesting facts, techniques etc. which help in showcasing the inter-disciplinary nature and bridge the gap between various aspects of applied microbiology.
Author : Allen I Laskin
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 941 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2019-07-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781351081382
Included in the present volume are selected pages from Volume I, II, and IV of the CRC Handbook of Microbiology. Data from Volume II has not been included (microbial products), which did not lend itself readily to the selection of a few pages. As it is the present volume includes information about the various groups of microorganisms, their cell walls, and their genetics. Data on amino acids, carbohydrates, and lipids re included, together with diagrams of metabolic pathways and information on immunocompetent cells. General reference data include a glossary, statistical tables and other information that is hoped to be found useful by the reader.
Author : G. N. Cohen
Publisher : Springer
Page : 611 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2014-07-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401789080
Microbial physiology, biochemistry and genetics allowed the formulation of concepts that turned out to be important in the study of higher organisms. In the first section, the principles of bacterial growth are given, as well as the description of the different layers that enclose the bacterial cytoplasm, and their role in obtaining nutrients from the outside media through different permeability mechanism described in detail. A chapter is devoted to allostery and is indispensable for the comprehension of many regulatory mechanisms described throughout the book. Another section analyses the mechanisms by which cells obtain the energy necessary for their growth, glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, the tricarboxylic and the anaplerotic cycles. Two chapters are devoted to classes of microorganisms rarely dealt with in textbooks, namely the Archaea, mainly the methanogenic bacteria, and the methylotrophs. Eight chapters describe the principles of the regulations at the transcriptional level, with the necessary knowledge of the machineries of transcription and translation. The next fifteen chapters deal with the biosynthesis of the cell building blocks, amino acids, purine and pyrimidine nucleotides and deoxynucleotides, water-soluble vitamins and coenzymes, isoprene and tetrapyrrole derivatives and vitamin B12. The two last chapters are devoted to the study of protein-DNA interactions and to the evolution of biosynthetic pathways. The considerable advances made in the last thirty years in the field by the introduction of gene cloning and sequencing and by the exponential development of physical methods such as X-ray crystallography or nuclear magnetic resonance have helped presenting metabolism under a multidisciplinary attractive angle.
Author : Volker F. Wendisch
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 418 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2007-03-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540485964
This book presents the current knowledge of fundamental as well as applied microbiology of amino acids. Coverage details the amino acid biosynthetic pathways, their genetic and biochemical regulation, transport of amino acids and genomics of producing microorganisms. The book also examines the metabolic engineering of microorganisms for the biotechnological production of amino acids for use as pharmaceuticals and as food and feed additives.
Author : J P F D'Mello
Publisher : CABI
Page : 539 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2017-04-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781780647234
This book collates and reviews recent advances in the microbial metabolism of amino acids, emphasizing diversity - in terms of the range of organisms under investigation and their natural ecology - and the unique features of amino acid metabolism in bacteria, yeasts, fungi, protozoa and nematodes. As well as studying the individual amino acids, including arginine, sulfur amino acids, branched-chain amino acids and aromatic amino acids, a number of themes are explored throughout the work. As the volume of research into the metabolism of amino acids grows, this comprehensive study of the subject is a vital tool for researchers in the fields of biological, medical and veterinary sciences, including microbiology, biochemistry, genetics and pathology. This book is also essential for corporate organizations with active research and development programmes, such as those in the pharmaceutical industry.
Author : Georges N. Cohen
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2016-05-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 940177577X
This book focusses on microbial physiology, biochemistry and genetics and provides the reader with detailed information on a number of microbial pathways. Insight into microbial biochemistry have allowed for the formulation of concepts that have turned out to be important in the study of higher organisms. In the first section, the principles of bacterial growth are given, as well as a description of the different layers that enclose the bacterial cytoplasm, and their role in obtaining nutrients from the outside media through different permeability mechanism, which are described in detail. A chapter is devoted to allostery, which is indispensable for the comprehension of many regulatory mechanisms described throughout the book. The second section analyses the mechanisms by which cells obtain the energy necessary for their growth; Glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, the tricarboxylic and the anaplerotic cycles. Two chapters are devoted to classes of microorganisms rarely dealt with in textbooks, namely the Archaea, mainly the methanogenic bacteria, and the methylotrophs. Eight chapters describe the principles of regulation at the transcriptional level, with the necessary knowledge of the machineries of transcription and translation. The next fifteen chapters deal with the biosynthesis of the cell building blocks, amino acids, purine and pyrimidine nucleotides and deoxynucleotides, water-soluble vitamins and coenzymes, isoprene and tetrapyrrole derivatives and vitamin B12. The two last chapters are devoted to the study of protein-DNA interactions and to the evolution of biosynthetic pathways. The considerable advances made in the last thirty years in the field by the introduction of gene cloning and sequencing and by the exponential development of physical methods such as X-ray crystallography, nuclear magnetic resonance and cryo-electron microscopy have helped in presenting microbial metabolism as a highly multidisciplinary field of study.
Author : Gunther Winkelmann
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 526 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1997-12-23
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9057022206
Comprises 17 papers exploring the role of transition metals in a variety of metabolic processes, from simple interactions where the protein matrix does little more than bind an inorganic ion, to systems in which the binding site of the protein modifies the metals properties considerably, to the very complex multimetallic systems which may function as part of a supramolecular assembly. Intended as a reference for students and industry professionals, especially those working in biotechnology. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Author : J. R. Sokatch
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 456 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2014-06-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781483261386
Bacterial Physiology and Metabolism focuses on research on bacteria, as well as metabolism of carbohydrates, fermentation, and oxidation of acids. The book first offers information on nutrition and growth of bacterial cultures, including requirements for growth, nutritional classification of bacteria, measurement of bacterial growth, and synchronous growth of bacterial cultures. The manuscript then considers the chemical composition of bacteria, oligosaccharide catabolism, and transport of sugars. The publication takes a look at the fermentation of sugars and aerobic metabolism of carbohydrates. Discussions focus on Embden-Meyerhof fermentations, miscellaneous pathways, and hexose, pentose, polyol, and hexuronic acid oxidation. The text also elaborates on oxidation of organic acids, electron transport, oxidation of hydrocarbons, and protein and amino acid catabolism. The text is a dependable reference for readers interested in bacterial physiology and metabolism.
Author : Christon J. Hurst
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 671 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2022-04-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030971854
This book explains the metabolic processes by which microbes obtain and control the intracellular availability of their required metal and metalloid ions. The book also describes how intracellular concentrations of unwanted metal and metalloid ions successfully are limited. Its authors additionally provide information about the ways that microbes derive metabolic energy by changing the charge states of metal and metalloid ions. Part one of this book provides an introduction to microbes, metals and metalloids. It also helps our readers to understand the chemical constraints for transition metal cation allocation. Part two explains the basic processes which microbes use for metal transport. That section also explains the uses, as well as the challenges, associated with metal-based antimicrobials. Part three gives our readers an understanding that because of microbial capabilities to process metals and metalloids, the microbes have become our best tools for accomplishing many jobs. Their applications in chemical technology include the design of microbial consortia for use in bioleaching processes that recover metal and metalloid ions from industrial wastes. Many biological engineering tasks, including the synthesis of metal nanoparticles and similar metalloid structures, also are ideally suited for the microbes. Part four describes unique attributes associated with the microbiology of these elements, progressing through the alphabet from antimony and arsenic to zinc.
Author : David A. Bender
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 1985-09-12
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015009552392
Discusses the general metabolism of amino acids and other nitrogenous compounds and the detailed metabolism of individual amino acids with special reference to problems of human nutrition, medical biochemistry and disease.