The Human Brainstem

Author : Hannsjörg Schröder,Rob A.I. de Vos,Stefan Huggenberger,Lennart Müller-Thomsen,Annemieke Rozemuller,Farman Hedayat,Natasha Moser
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 704 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2023-09-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783030899806

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The Human Brainstem by Hannsjörg Schröder,Rob A.I. de Vos,Stefan Huggenberger,Lennart Müller-Thomsen,Annemieke Rozemuller,Farman Hedayat,Natasha Moser Pdf

The human brainstem has long been a neglected area in clinical medicine. This is shown by the fact that there is no introductory book on the neuroanatomy and pathology of this region. This book is intended to introduce the reader to the neuroanatomy of the human brainstem and combines an atlas with detailed information on the individual structures. The atlas features a state-of-the-art magnetic resonance imaging series, histological specimens (Darrow Red and Campbell staining) and a plastinate-based topographical part, which allows direct comparison of histological and topographical findings with neuroimaging. In addition, the reader is guided along the brainstem neuromer model through the human brainstem and learns about the functional properties of the individual structures of the brainstem. Where appropriate, peripheral targets of brainstem structures are illustrated and explained. Furthermore, each chapter covers the most important neurological disorders affecting the brainstem. This book aims to demonstrate that sound anatomical knowledge is required to understand brainstem pathology. It will particularly help those new to the field to better understand the complex anatomy of the human brainstem and will be useful to basic and clinical neuroscientists alike.

Author : George Paxinos,Teri Furlong,Charles Watson
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 327 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2020-07-11
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128216088

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Human Brainstem by George Paxinos,Teri Furlong,Charles Watson Pdf

Human Brainstem: Cytoarchitecture, Chemoarchitecture, Myeloarchitecture explores how the human brainstem has been impeded by the unavailability of an up-to-date, comprehensive, diagrammatic and photographic atlas. Now, with the first detailed atlas on the human brainstem in more than twenty years, this book presents an accurate, comprehensive and convenient reference for students, researchers and pathologists. Presents the first detailed atlas on the human brainstem in more than twenty years Represents all areas of the medulla, pons and midbrain in the plane transverse to the longitudinal axis of the brainstem Consists of 63 plates and 63 accompanying diagrams with an interplate distance of one millimeter Includes photographs of Nissl and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) stained sections at alternate levels Provides an accurate and convenient guide for students, researchers and pathologists

Author : George Paxinos,Xu-Feng Huang
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 150 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080925219

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Atlas of the Human Brainstem by George Paxinos,Xu-Feng Huang Pdf

Work on the human brainstem has been impeded by the unavailability of a comprehensive diagrammatic and photographic atlas. In the authors' preliminary work on the morphology of the human brainstem (The Human Nervous System, 1990), Paxinos et al demonstrated that it is possible to use chemoarchitecture to establish a number of human homologs in structures known to exist in the rat, the most extensively studied species. Now, with the first detailed atlas on the human brainstem in more than forty years, the authors present an accurate, comprehensive, and convenient reference for students, researchers, and pathologists. Key Features * The first detailed atlas on the human brainstem in more than forty years * Delineated as accurately as The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates, Second Edition (Paxinos/Watson, 1986), the most cited book in neuroscience * Based on a single brain from a 59-year-old male with no medical history of neurological or psychiatric illness * Represents all areas of the medulla, pons, and midbrain in the plane transverse to the longitudinal axis of the brainstem * Consists of 64 plates and 64 accompanying diagrams with an interplate distance of half a millimeter * The photographs are of Nissl and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) stained sections at alternate levels * Establishes systematically the human homologs to nuclei identified in the brainstem of the rat Reviewed by leading neuroanatomists * An accurate and convenient guide for students, researchers, and pathologists

Author : B. Schlesinger
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783642662553

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The Upper Brainstem in the Human by B. Schlesinger Pdf

It was when the author of this book was working in the Department of Human Anatomy at Oxford University that Prof. W.E. Le Gros Clark encouraged him to study the vascularization of the brain. Le Gros Clark, who has an international reputation for his research on the diencephalon, may thus be regarded as one of the initiators of this investigation. The prese!1t work is born of the happy coinicidence of a number of circumstances, namely, the author's possessing detailed anatomic knowledge and suitable techniques of carrying on research, and present the results, great patience, inventiveness and a special talent for dealing with highly complex material. It is necessary to know all this in order to understand how the author of this monograph was in the position to do such painstakingly detailed research on a subject of extreme complexity and to present it here in graphic and written form. The atlas fills a long felt want among neurosurgeons and researches in neuroana tomy as regards both the form and position of the nuclei and fiber tracts of the upper brain stem and the type and arrangement of its finer vascularization.

Author : Henri M. Duvernoy
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783709130780

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The Human Brain Stem and Cerebellum by Henri M. Duvernoy Pdf

This study of the brain stem and the cerebellum is the sequel to a previous study of the brain (cerebral hemispheres and diencephalon) [82]. The brain stem and cerebellum are dealt with here for the same purpose as was the brain in the previous work, i.e., to reach, step by step, knowledge that is comprehensive enough for an understanding of an atlas of sections and its clinical use. Following a brief survey of the methods used, the first chapter describes the brain stem and cerebellum surfaces as well as their location in the posterior cranial fossa. The second and the third chapter, respectively, describe the brain stem and cerebellum structures followed by brief surveys of their functions, enabling the reader to obtain an introductory view of the role of both the nuclei and fasciculi. The fourth chapter studies the brain stem vascular network in detail. Thus, this chapter sums up the results of research on brainstem superficial blood vessels and their intra nervous territories that were already presented in two previous works [79, 80]. By contrast, presentation of the cerebellar vascularization follows the previous literature.

Author : Thomas P. Naidich,Henri M. Duvernoy,Bradley N. Delman,A. Gregory Sorensen,Spyros S. Kollias,E. Mark Haacke
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 872 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2009-06-25
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783211739716

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Duvernoy's Atlas of the Human Brain Stem and Cerebellum by Thomas P. Naidich,Henri M. Duvernoy,Bradley N. Delman,A. Gregory Sorensen,Spyros S. Kollias,E. Mark Haacke Pdf

This atlas instills a solid knowledge of anatomy by correlating thin-section brain anatomy with corresponding clinical magnetic resonance images in axial, coronal, and sagittal planes. The authors correlate advanced neuromelanin imaging, susceptibility-weighted imaging, and diffusion tensor tractography with clinical 3 and 4 T MRI. Each brain stem region is then analyzed with 9.4 T MRI to show the anatomy of the medulla, pons, midbrain, and portions of the diencephalonin with an in-plane resolution comparable to myelin- and Nissl-stained light microscopy. The book’s carefully organized diagrams and images teach with a minimum of text.

Author : Henri M. Duvernoy
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 198 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2013-11-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783662022993

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Human Brainstem Vessels by Henri M. Duvernoy Pdf

I am greatly pleased and honoured to have been invited by Professor HENRI DUVERNOY to contribute a foreword to this book, especially since I became aware of the magnitude of his researches upon the cerebral vessels only a few years ago. These researches have, in fact, been pursued for almost two decades, beginning with a study of the hypophyseal vessels in 1958. More recently he has published a monograph entitled "The Superficial Veins of the Human Brain", and those who know this book will have noted the succinct clarity of the descriptive text and the superb quality ofthe photographs with which this chef-d'oeuvre is illustrated. This outstanding contribution to intimate detail of the superficial vascularization of the brainstem is now complemented by a second volume on internal angio-architec ture. As before, the emphasis is upon direct photographic evidence, and again the photographs are of a quality which must be almost unsurpassable. Those who are familiar with the technique of vascular injection of the brain and of the diffi culties of micro-anatomical identification, will applaud the excellence of Professor DUVERNOY' s preparations. Even the smallest named nuclei and fasciculi of nerve fibres are displayed most effectively. From study of these details, in conjunction with other descriptions of brain stern vessels (to which Professor DUVERNOY has hirnself contributed much), the vascular supply and drainage of all the recognised entities in the brain stern can be deduced.

Author : National Academy of Sciences,Institute of Medicine,Sandra Ackerman
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 195 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 1992-01-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309045292

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Discovering the Brain by National Academy of Sciences,Institute of Medicine,Sandra Ackerman Pdf

The brain ... There is no other part of the human anatomy that is so intriguing. How does it develop and function and why does it sometimes, tragically, degenerate? The answers are complex. In Discovering the Brain, science writer Sandra Ackerman cuts through the complexity to bring this vital topic to the public. The 1990s were declared the "Decade of the Brain" by former President Bush, and the neuroscience community responded with a host of new investigations and conferences. Discovering the Brain is based on the Institute of Medicine conference, Decade of the Brain: Frontiers in Neuroscience and Brain Research. Discovering the Brain is a "field guide" to the brainâ€"an easy-to-read discussion of the brain's physical structure and where functions such as language and music appreciation lie. Ackerman examines: How electrical and chemical signals are conveyed in the brain. The mechanisms by which we see, hear, think, and pay attentionâ€"and how a "gut feeling" actually originates in the brain. Learning and memory retention, including parallels to computer memory and what they might tell us about our own mental capacity. Development of the brain throughout the life span, with a look at the aging brain. Ackerman provides an enlightening chapter on the connection between the brain's physical condition and various mental disorders and notes what progress can realistically be made toward the prevention and treatment of stroke and other ailments. Finally, she explores the potential for major advances during the "Decade of the Brain," with a look at medical imaging techniquesâ€"what various technologies can and cannot tell usâ€"and how the public and private sectors can contribute to continued advances in neuroscience. This highly readable volume will provide the public and policymakersâ€"and many scientists as wellâ€"with a helpful guide to understanding the many discoveries that are sure to be announced throughout the "Decade of the Brain."

Author : Florian Beissner, Simon Baudrexel
Publisher : Frontiers E-books
Page : 93 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2014-07-30
Category : Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
ISBN : 9782889192472

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Investigating the human brainstem with structural and functional MRI by Florian Beissner, Simon Baudrexel Pdf

The brainstem is one of the least understood parts of the human brain despite its prime importance for the maintenance of basic vital functions. Owing to its role as a relay station between spinal cord, cerebellum and neocortex, the brainstem contains vital nodes of all functional systems in the central nervous system, including the visual, auditory, gustatory, vestibular, somatic and visceral senses, and the somatomotor as well as autonomic nervous systems. While the brainstem has been extensively studied in animals using invasive methods, human studies remain scarce. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a non-invasive and widely available method is one possibility to access the brainstem in humans and measure its structure as well as function. The close vicinity of the brainstem to large arteries and ventricles and the small size of the anatomical structures, however, place high demands on imaging as well as data analysis methods. Nevertheless, the field of brainstem-(f)MRI has significantly advanced in the past few years, largely due to the development of several new tools that facilitate studying this critical part of the human brain. Within this scope, the goal of this Research Topic is to compile work representing the state of the art in functional and structural MRI of the human brainstem.

Author : Jean A. Büttner-Ennever,Anja K. E. Horn
Publisher : S. Karger AG (Switzerland)
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Brain
ISBN : 3318023671

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Olszewski and Baxter's Cytoarchitecture of the Human Brainstem by Jean A. Büttner-Ennever,Anja K. E. Horn Pdf

A Karger 'Publishing Highlights 1890-2015' title

Author : Jerzy Olszewski,Donald Baxter
Publisher : Philadelphia ; Montreal : J. B. Lippincott Company
Page : 199 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 1954
Category : Brain
ISBN : LCCN:54004629

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Cytoarchitecture of the Human Brain Stem by Jerzy Olszewski,Donald Baxter Pdf

Author : George Paxinos
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 1240 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780323139892

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The Human Nervous System by George Paxinos Pdf

The Human Nervous System is a definitive account of human neuroanatomy, with a comprehensive coverage of the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nervous system. The cytoarchitecture, chemoarchitecture, connectivity, and major functions of neuronal structures are examined by acknowledged authorities in the field, such as: Alheid, Amaral, Armstrong, Beitz, Burke, de Olmos, Difiglia, Garey, Gerrits, Gibbins, Holstege, Kaas, Martin, McKinley, Norgren, Ohye, Paxinos, Pearson, Pioro, Price, Saper, Sasaki, Schoenen, Tadork, Voogd, Webster, Zilles, and their associates. Large, clearly designed 8-1/2" x 11" format 35 information-packed chapters 500 photomicrographs and diagrams 6,200 bibliographic entries Table of contents for every chapter Exceptionally cross-referenced Detailed subject index Substantial original research work Mini atlases of some brain regions

Author : Jin Seo Park,Yaqian You
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 182 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2023-02-15
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789811995194

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Cross-Sectional Atlas of Human Brainstem by Jin Seo Park,Yaqian You Pdf

This is superb cross-sectional atlas of human brainstem, which based on color images with 0.06-mm pixel size of Visible Korean. It wears 48 bits true color and covers almost all nuclei and tracts in the brainstem. In this atlas, whole shapes and locations of each nucleus and tract can be identified in not only three parts (midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata) of the brainstem but also the junctions of the three parts.This book will provide a detailed topographical data for scientific research that contains morphological and functional studies of the human brainstem for neuroanatomist and neuroscientist. Also, this book will provide a detailed reference for neurologist to determining the precise location of the small and complicated structure and lesions.

Author : Jerzy Olszewski,Donald Baxter
Publisher : S Karger Ag
Page : 199 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1982
Category : Medical
ISBN : 380552210X

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Cytoarchitecture of the Human Brain Stem by Jerzy Olszewski,Donald Baxter Pdf

This work had its inception in 1945 when C. and O. Vogt suggested to one of us (J.O.) the need for investigation of the reticular formation of the brain stem. The Vogts felt that their studies of the extrapyramidal diseases, limited to an investigation of the basal ganglia, had illuminated only one aspect of the problem. In their opinion thorough knowledge of the morphological and functional organization of the reticular formation was indispensable for the understanding of the regulation and co-ordination of motor activity by the extraphyramidal systems. Accordingly, a study of the normal cytoarchitecture of the reticular formation was commenced at the Brain Research Institute, Neustadt, with the intention of applying this knowledge in the investigation of pathological material at a later date. For various reasons this work was interrupted for a period of several years, and it was not until 1952 that it was resumed at the Montreal Neurological Institute. It soon became apparent that it was advisable to extend the scope of the project to include the cytoarchitecture of all the gray masses of the lower brain stem. This conclusion was based largely on the lack of precise definition of the boundaries of the reticular formation and the insufficient data available concerning the cytoarchitecture of many nonreticular nuclei. At the present time the most comprehensive descriptions of the cytoarchitecture of the human brain stem are to be found in Jacobsohn's Uber die Kerne des menschlichen Hirnstamms " (1909) and in Ziehen's "Anatomie des Centralnervensystems" (1933). Jacobsohn's widely utilized drawings of cross sections of the brain stem constitute the most accurate guide at present available for delineation of the various nuclear masses. These drawings are necessarily overschematized due to their small size, and neither they nor the descriptions of nclei are supplemented by photomicrographs. Ziehen's exhaustive description of the cyto- and myeloarchitecture and fiber connections of the brain stem, supplemented by an extensive bibliography, suffers from the lack of representative serial cross sections stained for nerve cells. In addition the photomicrographs presented are limited to a few myelin stained preparations. Marburg devotes a considerable part of his atlas to the description of the cytoarchitecture of the human brain stem, but presents only five schematicrepresentationn of Nissl stained cross sections and includes no photomicrographs of this region. More cyoarchitectural detail of various regions of the human brain stem may be found in the monographs of Gagel and Bodechtal (1930), Stern (1936) and Crosby and Woodburne (1943), all of which are illustrated by excellent photomicrographs. Riley's "Atlas of the Basal Ganglia, Brain Stem and Spinal Cord" (1943), Although not directly concerned with cytoarchitecture, should be mentioned as an invaluable guide to any student of these regions. Apart from these comprehensive reviews, innumerable other investigators have confined their studies to the anatomy of individual brain stem nuclei. The presents work is an attempt to portray adequately and objectively the cytoarchitecture of all the nuclear structures of the medulla oblongata, pons and midbrain. In addition to the presentation of formerly recognized nuclei, several previously undescribed cell groups have been delineated on the basis of cytoarchitectonic criteria. The majority of these lie within the reticular formation. The contents of the monograph fall naturally into two parts. The first consists of a series of nineteen semischematic representative cross sections of the brain, stem, accompanied by low power photomicrographs. Descriptions of the individual nuclei, supplemented by photomicrographs of higher magnifications, compose the second part. It is hoped that this atlas will prove of value to the neuroanatomist who is interested in the position and morphology of the individual nuclei, and to the neuropathologist in his attempts to localize pathological processes and to distinguish abnormal cell forms from the confusing array of morphologically different normal cells found within various regions of the brain stem. Further, the neurophysiologist may find it useful to have available detailed human morphological data which can be correlated with that of experimental animals, and with which his functional concepts may be integrated.

Author : Rudolf Nieuwenhuys,Hendrik Jan Donkelaar,Charles Nicholson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 2270 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Medical
ISBN : 3540560130

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The Central Nervous System of Vertebrates by Rudolf Nieuwenhuys,Hendrik Jan Donkelaar,Charles Nicholson Pdf

This comprehensive reference is clearly destined to become the definitive anatomical basis for all molecular neuroscience research. The three volumes provide a complete overview and comparison of the structural organisation of all vertebrate groups, ranging from amphioxus and lamprey through fishes, amphibians and birds to mammals. This thus allows a systematic treatment of the concepts and methodology found in modern comparative neuroscience. Neuroscientists, comparative morphologists and anatomists will all benefit from: * 1,200 detailed and standardised neuroanatomical drawings * the illustrations were painstakingly hand-drawn by a team of graphic designers, specially commissioned by the authors, over a period of 25 years * functional correlations of vertebrate brains * concepts and methodology of modern comparative neuroscience * five full-colour posters giving an overview of the central nervous system of the vertebrates, ideal for mounting and display This monumental work is, and will remain, unique; the only source of such brilliant illustrations at both the macroscopic and microscopic levels.