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The Political Economy of the Kimberley Process by Nathan Munier Pdf
Investigating state responses to the Kimberley Process, an ambitious international agreement meant to reduce the trade of conflict diamonds, this study looks at the political economy of resource-wealthy states in Africa to understand why some African states have higher levels of compliance and co-operation than others.
Domestic Political Economy and the Regulation of Conflict Diamonds by Nathan Munier Pdf
Why do states pursue different policies, and experience varying outcomes, in response to international agreements? I use an approach that focuses on the domestic political economy of states to examine the Kimberley Process, an international agreement implemented in 2003 to certify the world's diamond trade. Since the Kimberley Process is often indecisive, it is an interesting puzzle why states, even those that often ignore international agreements, will use scarce resources to raise their level of compliance with the Kimberley Process. In this research I conduct comparative case studies of four diamond wealthy countries in sub-Saharan Africa: Angola, Namibia, Sierra Leone and Zimbabwe. These cases provide a large variation in compliance and cooperation with the Kimberley Process, due to the extent that diamond dependency constrains the ability of state actors to implement their preferences surrounding policy, the preferences of private actors, and the relative amount of power within and between these groups. This research shows that cooperation and compliance with international agreements, especially those that have an economic element, can be better understood as a process that takes place domestically where different actors compete to get their policy preferences implemented and domestic economic changes lead to changes in policy implementation.
From Blood Diamonds to the Kimberley Process by Franziska Bieri Pdf
In the late 1990s, several non-governmental organizations (NGOs) focused world attention on the issue of conflict diamonds which funded wars, massive death, and refugee crises across Central and West Africa. Several governments, NGOs, and key industry players engaged in negotiations under the so-called Kimberley Process (KP). A voluntary global agreement came into effect leading to a substantial decline in illicit diamond trade. Despite its importance in international affairs, the KP remains understudied in academia. Franziska Bieri's book provides the first comprehensive account of the KP and is the first to reveal how NGOs have become critical actors in their own right, possessing the ability to directly influence policies and to participate in the decision making and the implementation of global agreements. In developing this argument, Bieri explains: why the NGO campaign to raise awareness was successful; why a rapid and comprehensive resolution on such a complex global problem was possible; how the tripartite negotiations between states, NGOs, and industry developed during the implementation of the agreement, which is an on-going process. Based on extensive personal interviews with prominent campaigners, leading bureaucrats, and industry officials, hundreds of KP publications, official UN documents, industry news, and NGO reports, this timely book allows for a much needed engagement in contemporary debates about the campaign against conflict diamonds, the Kimberley Process, and the themes defining today's global governance arena.
Facets of Power by Richard Saunders,Tinashe Nyamunda Pdf
The diamond fields of Chiadzwa, among the worlds largest sources of rough diamonds have been at the centre of struggles for power in Zimbabwe since their discovery in 2006. Against the backdrop of a turbulent political economy, control of Chiadzwas diamonds was hotly contested. By 2007 a new case of blood diamonds had emerged, in which the countrys security forces engaged with informal miners and black market dealers in the exploitation of rough diamonds, violently disrupting local communities and looting a key national resource. The formalisation of diamond mining in 2010 introduced new forms of large-scale theft, displacement and rights abuses. Facets of Power is the first comprehensive account of the emergence, meaning and profound impact of Chiadzwas diamonds. Drawing on new fieldwork and published sources, the contributors present a graphic and accessibly written narrative of corruption and greed, as well as resistance by those who have suffered at the hands of the minerals secretive and violent beneficiaries. If the lessons of resistance have been mostly disheartening ones, they also point towards more effective strategies for managing public resources, and mounting democratic challenges to elites whose power is sustained by preying on them.
Capital and Politics by Greg Albo,Alfredo Saad-Filho,Nicole Aschoff Pdf
The 59th annual volume of the Socialist Register examines the growth of corporate power and other important organizational trends in global capitalism. Rejecting such notions as “stakeholder capitalism,” it reviews the organization and strategies of unions and the left as it searches for new routes to socialism.
The Political Economy of Civil War and UN Peace Operations by Mats Berdal,Jake Sherman Pdf
This book examines the operational and political challenges facing UN peace operations deployed in countries where civil war and protracted violence have given rise to the complex and distinctive political economies of conflict. The volume explores the nature and impact of such political economies – informal systems of power and influence formed by the interaction of local, national, and region-wide war economies with the political agendas of conflict actors – on the course of UN peace operations. It focuses in detail on the UN’s long-running peace operations in the Democratic Republic of Congo, South Sudan, Afghanistan, Sierra Leone, Mali, and Somalia. The book is centrally concerned with the interaction of UN missions with the power structures and local conflict dynamics that shape individual mission settings, and the challenges these pose for mediation, protection of civilians, and other tasks. It also offers a critical assessment of the various ways in which the UN ‘system’, from its headquarters in New York to the field, has confronted the policy challenges posed by political economies of conflict-affected states, societies, and regions. It advances a pragmatic set of policy recommendations aimed at improving the UN’s ability to confront predatory and exploitative war economies. At the same time, the volume makes it clear that political and institutional obstacles to more effective UN action are certain to remain profound and are unlikely ever to be fully overcome let alone eradicated. Despite making some progress since the 1990s to better understand the political economy of civil wars, the UN has struggled with how to tackle informal networks of power and their consequences for efforts to end wars. The book will be of special interest to students of war and conflict studies, statebuilding, political economy of conflict, UN interventionism and peacebuilding, and IR/Security in general.
The Political Economy of Peacemaking by Achim Wennmann Pdf
This book focuses on the economic dimensions of peace processes and examines the opportunities and constraints for assisting negotiated exits out of conflict. Various works have addressed the economic characteristics and consequences of armed conflicts over the past two decades, including issues such as ‘blood diamonds’, natural resource wars, economically motivated armed violence, self-financing conflict, or the complicity of companies and state elites in conflict economies. However, rather than treating these issues as obstacles for peace, this book explores whether they can be opportunities for peacemaking by adopting a political-economy perspective. The book looks at income sharing from natural resources as an opportunity for forward-looking peacemaking strategies, and the implications of deal-making in situations in which war economies and insecurity provide strongmen with disproportionate political and economic power. The book also highlights that peace processes are not necessarily about the rectification of a conflict’s ‘root causes’, but rather about what matters most to the main stakeholders at the moment when a peace process starts taking shape. Finally, efforts to establish a lasting peace need to go beyond the traditional set of actors associated with peace processes. The strategic involvement of donor agencies, companies, and diaspora communities can strengthen forward-looking peace processes. The book will help both student and practitioner audiences to better understand armed conflicts and their belligerents, optimize the planning and management of peace initiatives, and shape expectations in peace agreements. It will be of much interest to students of peacebuilding, conflict studies, development studies, International Political Economy and International Relations in general.
Whose Peace? Critical Perspectives on the Political Economy of Peacebuilding by M. Pugh,N. Cooper,M. Turner Pdf
The book provides critical perspectives that reach beyond the technical approaches of international financial institutions and proponents of the liberal peace formula. It investigates political economies characterized by the legacies of disruption to production and exchange, by population displacement, poverty, and by 'criminality'.
Argues that corporate neo-colonialism in the diamond trade of Sierra Leone has served to restrict its social and economic growth, excluding and marginalizing it from the club of wealthier nations, and causing it to continue to rely on international aid.
Author : Lisa L. Martin Publisher : Oxford University Press Page : 576 pages File Size : 52,6 Mb Release : 2015-04-23 Category : Political Science ISBN : 9780190266967
The Oxford Handbook of the Political Economy of International Trade by Lisa L. Martin Pdf
The Oxford Handbook of the Politics of International Trade surveys the literature on the politics of international trade and highlights the most exciting recent scholarly developments. It examines the impact of domestic societal actors, domestic institutions, and international interactions on trade policy and trade flows, as well as building on this basic analytical framework. Including contributions from prominent scholars around the globe, and from multiple theoretical and methodological traditions, the volume considers the development of concepts and policies about international trade; the influence of individuals, firms, and societies; the role of domestic and international institutions; and the interaction of trade and other issues, such as monetary policy, environmental challenges, and human rights. Showcasing both established theories and findings and cutting-edge new research, the Handbook is a valuable reference for scholars of political economy.
Political Economy of Statebuilding by Mats Berdal Pdf
This volume examines and evaluates the impact of international statebuilding interventions on the political economy of post-conflict countries over the past 20 years. While statebuilding today is typically discussed in the context ofpeacebuilding and ‘stabilisation operations, the current phase of interest in external interventions to (re)build and strengthen governmental institutions can be traced back to thegood governance policies of the International Financial Institutions (IFIs) in the early 1990s. These sought political changes and improvements in the quality of governance in countries that were subject to, or were seeking support under, IFI-designed structural adjustment programmes.The focus of this book is specifically on state-building efforts in conflict-affected countries: countries that are emerging, or have recently emerged, from periods of war and violent conflict. The interventions covered in the present volume fall into three broad and overlapping categories:International administrations and transformative occupations (East Timor, Iraq, and Kosovo); Complex peace operations (Afghanistan, Burundi, Haiti, and Sudan); Governance and state-building programmes conducted in the context of economic assistance (Georgia and Macedonia).This book will be of much interest to students of statebuilding, humanitarian intervention, post-conflict reconstruction, political economy, international organisations and IR/Security Studies in general.
Centred around key topics and debates, Global Political Economy encourages students new to the field to explore its breadth and diversity, and understand how to approach and answer the big questions that matter today. Written by scholars from around the world, the textbook reflects the interdisciplinary nature of the field by addressing essential topics and themes, such as poverty, labour, migration, and the environment.Each chapter includes a unique 'Roundtable' feature, in which a diverse range of scholars consider a key question, introducing students to the dialogue between academics on core issues, and the interplay and value of different opinions, and perspectives. The 'Over to You' element invites the reader to consider the persuasiveness of the arguments, reflect upon their own perspective, and become an active participant in the debate. With a strong emphasis on 'globalising' the study of GPE, the textbook introduces to students the idea that it matters who is talking and writing, that there are different ways of seeing the world, and that bringing together different theoretical and methodological perspectives adds to the depth and richness of their understanding. Digital formats and resourcesGlobal Political Economy is available for students and institutions to purchase in a variety of formats, and is supported by a range of online resources. The e-book offers a mobile experience and convenient access: www.oxfordtextbooks.co.uk/ebooks
The Political Economy of the Resource Curse by Andrew Rosser Pdf
This paper presents a critical survey of the literature on the "resource curse", focusing on three main questions: (i) are natural resources bad for development?; (ii) what causes the resource curse?; and, (iii) how can the resource curse be overcome? In respect of these questions, three observations are made. First, while the literature provides considerable evidence that natural resource abundance is associated with various negative development outcomes, this evidence is by no means conclusive. Second, existing explanations for the resource curse do not adequately account for the role of social forces or external political and economic environments in shaping development outcomes in resource abundant countries, nor for the fact that, while most resource abundant countries have performed poorly in developmental terms, a few have done quite well. Finally, recommendations for overcoming the resource curse have not generally taken into account the issue of political feasibility.
The Roots of African Conflicts by Alfred G. Nhema,Paul Tiyambe Zeleza Pdf
This work, along with 'The Resolution of African Conflicts', clearly demonstrates the efforts by a wide range of African scholars to explain the roots, routes, regimes and resolution of African conflicts and how to re-build post-conflict societies.
A generous endowment of natural resources should favour rapid economic and social development. The experience of countries like Angola and Iraq, however, suggests that resource wealth often proves a curse rather than a blessing. Billions of dollars from resource exploitation benefit repressive regimes and rebel groups, at a massive cost for local populations. This Adelphi Paper analyses the economic and political vulnerability of resource-dependent countries; assesses how resources influence the likelihood and course of conflicts; and discusses current initiatives to improve resource governance in the interest of peace. It concludes that long-term stability in resource-exporting regions will depend on their developmental outcomes, and calls for a broad reform agenda prioritising the basic needs and security of local populations.
