The Reciprocity Of Perceiver And Environment

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The Reciprocity of Perceiver and Environment

Thomas J. Lombardo
The Reciprocity of Perceiver and Environment Book PDF

Author : Thomas J. Lombardo
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 378 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2017-03-27
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781315514390

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The Reciprocity of Perceiver and Environment by Thomas J. Lombardo Pdf

Originally published in 1987, this title intended to historically reveal, through tracing Gibson’s development, the substance of his views and how they bore upon general philosophical issues in theories of knowledge, and to investigate in detail the historical context of Gibson’s theoretical position within psychology. Though the author has included a history of Gibson’s perceptual research and experimentation, the focus is to explicate the ‘dynamic abstract form’ of Gibson’s ecological approach. His emphasis is philosophical and theoretical, attempting to bring out the direction Gibson was moving in and how such changes could restructure the theoretical fabric of psychology. He devotes considerable attention to the Greeks, Medievalists, and the founders of the Scientific Revolution. This is because Gibson’s theoretical challenge runs deep into the structure of western thought. The authors’ central goal was to set Gibson’s ecological theory within the historical context of fundamental philosophical-scientific issues.

The Texture of Mystery

J. Bradley Wigger
The Texture of Mystery Book PDF

Author : J. Bradley Wigger
Publisher : Bucknell University Press
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Education
ISBN : 0838753825

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The Texture of Mystery by J. Bradley Wigger Pdf

This book relies upon the revolutionary work of James Jerome Gibson and his ecological approach to perception in order to reconstruct some basic assumptions about sensing, knowing, and learning. Instead of a closed system, Gibson's work can be understood as corresponding to an open-systems universe. Learning has to do with how bodily-perceptive systems attend to the inexhaustible and inherently meaningful reality in which we discover ourselves.

An Ecological Approach to Perceptual Learning and Development

Eleanor J. Gibson,Anne D. Pick
An Ecological Approach to Perceptual Learning and Development Book PDF

Author : Eleanor J. Gibson,Anne D. Pick
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2003-05-15
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780190290122

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An Ecological Approach to Perceptual Learning and Development by Eleanor J. Gibson,Anne D. Pick Pdf

The essential nature of learning is primarily thought of as a verbal process or function, but this notion conveys that pre-linguistic infants do not learn. Far from being "blank slates" that passively absorb environmental stimuli, infants are active learners who perceptually engage their environments and extract information from them before language is available. The ecological approach to perceiving-defined as "a theory about perceiving by active creatures who look and listen and move around"-was spearheaded by Eleanor and James Gibson in the 1950s and culminated in James Gibson's last book in 1979. Until now, no comprehensive theoretical statement of ecological development has been published since Eleanor Gibson's Principles of Perceptual Learning and Development (1969). In An Ecological Approach to Perceptual Learning and Development, distinguished experimental psychologists Eleanor J. Gibson and Anne D. Pick provide a unique theoretical framework for the ecological approach to understanding perceptual learning and development. Perception, in accordance with James Gibson's views, entails a reciprocal relationship between a person and his or her environment: The environment provides resources and opportunities for the person, and the person gets information from and acts on the environment. The concept of affordance is central to this idea; the person acts on what the environment affords, as it is appropriate. This extraordinary volume covers the development of perception in detail from birth through toddlerhood, beginning with the development of communication, going on to perceiving and acting on objects, and then to locomotion. It is more than a presentation of facts about perception as it develops. It outlines the ecological approach and shows how it underlies "higher" cognitive processes, such as concept formation, as well as discovery of the basic affordances of the environment. This impressive work should serve as the capstone for Eleanor J. Gibson's distinguished career as a developmental and experimental psychologist.

The Responsive Environment

Larry D. Busbea
The Responsive Environment Book PDF

Author : Larry D. Busbea
Publisher : U of Minnesota Press
Page : 439 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2020-01-21
Category : Design
ISBN : 9781452960722

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The Responsive Environment by Larry D. Busbea Pdf

How new conceptions of human–environment interaction became central to design theories and practices in the 1970s At the end of the 1960s, new models of responsiveness between humans and their environments had a profound impact on theories and practices in architecture, design, art, technology, media, and the sciences. The resulting initiatives—design philosophies, art installations, architectural projects, exhibitions, publications, and symposia—sought to bring together insights from biology, systems theory, psychology, and anthropology with modernist legacies of total design. In The Responsive Environment, Larry D. Busbea takes up this concept of environment as an object and method of design at the height of its aesthetic, technical, and discursive elaboration. Exploring emerging paradigms of environmental perception, patterning, and control as developed by Gregory Bateson, Edward T. Hall, Wolf Hilbertz, György Kepes, Marshall McLuhan, Nicholas Negroponte, Paolo Soleri, and others, he shows how living space itself was reimagined as a domain capable of modification through input from its newly sensitized inhabitants. The Responsive Environment intercuts the development of new ideas about environmental awareness with case studies of specific architecture and design projects for responsive environments. Throughout, Busbea connects these theories and practices to the contemporary obsession with “smart” things: responsive technologies, intelligent environments, biomimetic materials, and digital atmospherics.

Human Ecology

Markus Nauser,Dieter Steiner
Human Ecology Book PDF

Author : Markus Nauser,Dieter Steiner
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2002-11
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781134917181

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Human Ecology by Markus Nauser,Dieter Steiner Pdf

Arguing for environmentally sustainable lifestyles, this envisages a new kind of consciousness based on the notion of the individual as an agent mediating between society and the environment.

Environment and Behavior

Robert B. Bechtel
Environment and Behavior Book PDF

Author : Robert B. Bechtel
Publisher : SAGE
Page : 714 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 1997-01-06
Category : Education
ISBN : 0803957955

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Environment and Behavior by Robert B. Bechtel Pdf

This comprehensive, introductory text presents a unified view of human environment problems. Unlike most texts in the field that treat environmental psychology as a branch of psychology only, Environment and Behavior covers the topic from a cross-disciplinary nature. The book is more inclusive of all aspects of environmental studies and emphasizes the innovative thinking required to deal with environmental problems. The breadth of coverage offered by Environment and Behavior will enable the instructor to choose the focus for each particular course because it contains chapters on a variety of subject areas, including environmental engineering, biology, geography, architecture, evolutionary biology, sociology, clinical psychology, and gerontology. Environment and Behavior is a one-of-a-kind text with a unique style that will make it a must for all courses related to the environment, including urban studies and psychology.

Psychological Theories for Environmental Issues

Mirilia Bonnes
Psychological Theories for Environmental Issues Book PDF

Author : Mirilia Bonnes
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 279 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2017-03-02
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781351907903

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Psychological Theories for Environmental Issues by Mirilia Bonnes Pdf

Environmental psychology is an increasingly important area of research, focusing on the individual and social factors responsible for many critical human responses to the physical environment. With such rapid and widespread growth, the main theoretical strands have often been left unclear and their scientific and practical implications have been underdeveloped. This essential and stimulating book contextualizes and critically analyzes the main theoretical ideas. It compares the different theories, assessing each one's possibilities and limitations, and demonstrates how each approach has been used for the development of knowledge of environmental psychology. The research area infiltrates a broad selection of disciplines, including psychology, architecture, planning, geography, sociology, environmental issues, economics and law. It also offers significant contributions to a wide range of policy evaluations. It will prove invaluable to academics and practitioners from across these disciplines, above all those in planning, environmental studies, human geography and psychology.

Toward the Integration of Theory, Methods, Research, and Utilization

Gary T. Moore,Robert W. Marans
Toward the Integration of Theory Methods Research and Utilization Book PDF

Author : Gary T. Moore,Robert W. Marans
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 387 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781475744255

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Toward the Integration of Theory, Methods, Research, and Utilization by Gary T. Moore,Robert W. Marans Pdf

This fourth volume in the Advances in Environment, Behavior, and Design series continues the intent of earlier volumes by exploring new directions in the multidisciplinary environment-behavior (EB or EBS) field. The series is organized around a framework of theory, methods, research, and utilization that some say has defined the field for the past 15 years. This fourth volume is devoted to chapters that explore the integration of theory, quantitative and qualitative research, and utilization in policy, planning, and architec ture. The authors selected for this volume exemplify the multidisciplinary character of the field-they have been selected from architecture, environ mental psychology, environmental studies, housing research, landscape ar chitecture, social anthropology, social ecology, urban design, and urban planning; from academe and practice; and from Australia, Europe, and North America. HISTORY OF THE ADVANCES SERIES The idea for the series emerged in 1983 at meetings of the Board of Directors of the Environmental Design Research Association (EDRA). Sev eral publishers were contacted about the possibility of an EDRA Annual Review. Eliot Werner at Plenum Press expressed great interest but suggested that an Advances series would be more appropriate since publication could be tied to a less specific timetable. EDRA, Plenum, and the editors signed a contract in June 1984 for three volumes, with an open door for oral agreements between Plenum and the editors after that time. Four volumes have been published (Volume 1, 1987; Volume 2,1989; Volume 3,1991; and the current Volume 4), each containing 10 to 12 chapters.

Living in the Landscape

Arnold Berleant
Living in the Landscape Book PDF

Author : Arnold Berleant
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Architecture
ISBN : UOM:39015035735755

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Living in the Landscape by Arnold Berleant Pdf

"Many more of our decisions to conserve nature have been motivated by environmental aesthetics than by environmental ethics, more by beauty than by duty. This book by Arnold Berleant is therefore especially welcome and important. It will help to advance an inquiry that has been badly neglected but is sorely needed". -- J. Baird Callicott, author of Earth's Insights. "In the past thirty years, Arnold Berleant has been calling attention to the ethics and aesthetics of the environment. He is indeed America's latter-day Henry David Thoreau". -- E. F. Kaelin, author of An Aesthetics for Art Educators.

Creation and Emotion in the Old Testament

David A. Bosworth
Creation and Emotion in the Old Testament Book PDF

Author : David A. Bosworth
Publisher : Fortress Press
Page : 324 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2023-10-10
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781506491042

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Creation and Emotion in the Old Testament by David A. Bosworth Pdf

Creation conjures emotion and thereby shapes how we think and act. People fear snakes and enclosed spaces, and delight in well-watered landscapes. Language about nature evokes these emotional meanings and their consequences. We may construe nature as a mother to enhance love of creation and motivate care for our common home. Mother nature becomes a caregiving source of life rather than an inert resource. Alternatively, we may focus on the dangers or uselessness of a swamp so that we may drain it and plant crops. Creation and the ways we speak about it reflect and shape emotion and influence behavior. Every reference to the natural word in biblical literature involves some emotional resonance. Any animal might have intruded into the paradise of Eden, but the biblical narrative gives this role to a snake. The serpent elicits ominous foreboding because snakes evoke fear and fascination. Isaiah amplifies the joy of Israel's restoration by depicting deserts transforming into fertile fields and creation itself rejoicing. Biblical authors draw on human emotional responsiveness to creation to express and elicit emotions. David A. Bosworth analyzes how biblical texts use creation to conjure emotion. He draws on the science of emotion, including research on human emotional responsiveness to nature. Ancient texts correlate with contemporary research on how human environments shape emotion and behavior. The chapters unfold how specific emotions emerge from biblical references to aspects of creation.

The Construction of Cognitive Maps

Juval Portugali
The Construction of Cognitive Maps Book PDF

Author : Juval Portugali
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 365 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2007-08-23
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780585334851

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The Construction of Cognitive Maps by Juval Portugali Pdf

and processes which are exclusive to humans in their encoding, storing, decoding and retrieving spatial knowledge for various tasks. The authors present and discuss connectionist models of cognitive maps which are based on local representation, versus models which are based on distributed representation, as well as connectionist models concerning language and spatial relations. As is well known, Gibson's (1979) ecological approach suggests a view on cognition which is diametrically different from the classical main stream view: perception (and thus cognition) is direct, immediate and needs no internal information processing, and is thus essentially an external process of interaction between an organism and its external environment. The chapter by Harry Heft introduces J. J. Gibson's ecological approach and its implication to the construction of cognitive maps in general and to the issue of wayfinding in particular. According to Heft, main stream cognitive sciences are essentially Cartesian in nature and have not as yet internalized the implications of Darwin's theory of evolution. Gibson, in his ecological approach, has tried to do exactly this. The author introduces the basic terminology of the ecological approach and relates its various notions, in particular optic flow, nested hierarchy and affordances, to navigation and the way routes and places in the environment are learned.

A New Look at New Realism

Eric Charles
A New Look at New Realism Book PDF

Author : Eric Charles
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 431 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2017-09-08
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781351534819

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A New Look at New Realism by Eric Charles Pdf

This volume brings to the attention of contemporary readers a tradition of psychological thought that has received little attention over the last century. Psychology's history has been unimaginatively presented as a fight between behaviorists and mentalists. A third alternative, the New Realism, which cuts through that dichotomy, has been lost. "The New Realism" was indeed once new. This volume provides a glimpse of how this school of thought attempted to redefine the notion of mental processes, including consciousness, in psychological theorizing. Holt's rejected the nativity of iconoclastic Watsonian behaviorists, and thus the New Realism was thoughtful in ways that behaviorist social engineering was not. The implications of these innovations in psychological theorizing are traced from the beginning of the twentieth century to the contemporary period. The contributors provide these intellectual links, along with efforts to look at the relatedness of the human organism and its world. At their beginning, these ideas are embedded in a reverence for William James's work, particularly his later Radical Empiricism. In contemporary psychology, this legacy has given us the framework of ecological psychology as we know it today, and provides the basis for several modern critiques of cognitive psychology. The present volume opens the door for future historical inquiries. This is an exemplary addition to the series on the History of Psychological Ideas.

Scaffolded Minds

Somogy Varga
Scaffolded Minds Book PDF

Author : Somogy Varga
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 286 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2019-08-27
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780262042628

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Scaffolded Minds by Somogy Varga Pdf

A comprehensive account of cognitive scaffolding and its significance for understanding mental disorders. In Scaffolded Minds, Somogy Varga offers a novel account of cognitive scaffolding and its significance for understanding mental disorders. The book is part of the growing philosophical engagement with empirically informed philosophy of mind, which studies the interfaces between philosophy and cognitive science. Varga draws on two recent shifts within empirically informed philosophy of mind: the first, toward an intensified study of the embodied mind; and the second, toward a study of the disordered mind that acknowledges the convergence of the explanatory concerns of psychiatry and interdisciplinary inquiries into the mind. Varga sets out to accomplish a dual task: theoretical mapping of cognitive scaffolding; and the application/calibration of fine-grained philosophical distinctions to empirical research. He introduces the notion of actively scaffolded cognition (ASC) and offers a taxonomy that distinguishes between intrasomatic and extrasomatic scaffolding. He then shows that ASC offers a productive framework for considering certain characteristic features of mental disorders, focusing on altered bodily experience and social cognition deficits. With Cognitive Scaffolding, Varga aims to establish that shifting attention from mental symptoms to fine-grained sensorimotor aspects can lead to identifying diagnostic subtypes or even specific sensorimotor markers for early diagnosis.

Nothingness

Ditte Winther-Lindqvist,Jytte Bang
Nothingness Book PDF

Author : Ditte Winther-Lindqvist,Jytte Bang
Publisher : Transaction Publishers
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2016-04-30
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781412862219

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Nothingness by Ditte Winther-Lindqvist,Jytte Bang Pdf

This book addresses nothingness as not only the untangible presence of an emotional, cultural, social, or even political void that is felt on an existential level, but has some solid foundations in reality. The death of a loved one, the social isolation of an individual, or the culture shock one may experience in another country are examples of situations in which an external sense of absence mirrors an internal psychological and philosophical sense of nothingness. Not much has been explicitly written on nothingness in the history of psychology. On the other hand, nothingness seems to be implicitly embedded in many scholars’ work. This duality of explicitly and implicitly expressed ideas about nothingness reveals how psychology finds inspiration in philosophy, and vice versa. The book aims to illustrate how the concept of the presence of absence—nothingness—fills a void in contemporary psychological theorizing.

Moving and Interacting in Infancy and Early Childhood

Silvia Español,Mauricio Martínez,Fernando G. Rodríguez
Moving and Interacting in Infancy and Early Childhood Book PDF

Author : Silvia Español,Mauricio Martínez,Fernando G. Rodríguez
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 334 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2022-09-08
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9783031089237

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Moving and Interacting in Infancy and Early Childhood by Silvia Español,Mauricio Martínez,Fernando G. Rodríguez Pdf

This book introduces studies on infant and early childhood development that are in a permanent dialogue with the psychology of music, the philosophy of mind, and human movement studies. They are based on an innovative framework that combines embodied cognition, the multimodal approach to child development, and the second-person perspective in social cognition. This frame of reference allows authors to revisit relevant topics in developmental psychology, such as adult-infant interactions; early intersubjective experiences; the development of perceptual, verbal and gestural communication skills; as well as the complexity of play in infancy and early childhood. In the field of infancy and early childhood studies, the three viewpoints brought together in this volume had a clear innovative impact. Embodied psychology showed the body to be the primary agent in the interactions that shape the infant's psyche. The second-person perspective exhibited the direct, transparent, I-Thou contact involved in the first patterns of reciprocity between adult and infant, and the multimodal theory of perceptual development revealed an infant immersed in a multisensory environment conveying information to all perceptual systems as a unified experience. The studies presented in this volume combine these three viewpoints and link them through the use of analytical tools and concepts from the temporal arts (music and dance). This way of conducting empirical research on some central topics in early infancy led to an aesthetic conception of development that emphasizes bodily experience, temporal affects and their intertwining with symbolic capacities Moving and Interacting in Infancy and Early Childhood: An Embodied, Intersubjective, and Multimodal Approach to the Interpersonal World will provide innovative tools for developmental and cognitive psychologists studying the development of early socio-cognitive skills in infants and young children, and will also serve as a rich source of information for researchers and practitioners in other fields, such as education and nursing, who can benefit from cutting-edge knowledge in developmental sciences.