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Author : Samuel Dylan Veloz
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Electronic
ISBN : UCAL:X80540
Author : Richard H. Waring,S. W. Running
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Nature
ISBN : 0127354433
Cycles, water, carbon.
Author : Otso Ovaskainen,Nerea Abrego
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 389 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2020-06-11
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781108492461
A comprehensive account of joint species distribution modelling, covering statistical analyses in light of modern community ecology theory.
Author : Antoine Guisan,Wilfried Thuiller,Niklaus E. Zimmermann
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 513 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2017-09-14
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780521765138
This book introduces the key stages of niche-based habitat suitability model building, evaluation and prediction required for understanding and predicting future patterns of species and biodiversity. Beginning with the main theory behind ecological niches and species distributions, the book proceeds through all major steps of model building, from conceptualization and model training to model evaluation and spatio-temporal predictions. Extensive examples using R support graduate students and researchers in quantifying ecological niches and predicting species distributions with their own data, and help to address key environmental and conservation problems. Reflecting this highly active field of research, the book incorporates the latest developments from informatics and statistics, as well as using data from remote sources such as satellite imagery. A website at www.unil.ch/hsdm contains the codes and supporting material required to run the examples and teach courses.
Author : Janet Franklin
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 538 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2010-01-07
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781139485296
Maps of species' distributions or habitat suitability are required for many aspects of environmental research, resource management and conservation planning. These include biodiversity assessment, reserve design, habitat management and restoration, species and habitat conservation plans and predicting the effects of environmental change on species and ecosystems. The proliferation of methods and uncertainty regarding their effectiveness can be daunting to researchers, resource managers and conservation planners alike. Franklin summarises the methods used in species distribution modeling (also called niche modeling) and presents a framework for spatial prediction of species distributions based on the attributes (space, time, scale) of the data and questions being asked. The framework links theoretical ecological models of species distributions to spatial data on species and environment, and statistical models used for spatial prediction. Providing practical guidelines to students, researchers and practitioners in a broad range of environmental sciences including ecology, geography, conservation biology, and natural resources management.
Author : C. Ashton Drew,Yolanda F. Wiersma,Falk Huettmann
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 319 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2010-11-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781441973900
Most projects in Landscape Ecology, at some point, define a species-habitat association. These models are inherently spatial, dealing with landscapes and their configurations. Whether coding behavioral rules for dispersal of simulated organisms through simulated landscapes, or designing the sampling extent of field surveys and experiments in real landscapes, landscape ecologists must make assumptions about how organisms experience and utilize the landscape. These convenient working postulates allow modelers to project the model in time and space, yet rarely are they explicitly considered. The early years of landscape ecology necessarily focused on the evolution of effective data sources, metrics, and statistical approaches that could truly capture the spatial and temporal patterns and processes of interest. Now that these tools are well established, we reflect on the ecological theories that underpin the assumptions commonly made during species distribution modeling and mapping. This is crucial for applying models to questions of global sustainability. Due to the inherent use of GIS for much of this kind of research, and as several authors’ research involves the production of multicolored map figures, there would be an 8-page color insert. Additional color figures could be made available through a digital archive, or by cost contributions of the chapter authors. Where applicable, would be relevant chapters’ GIS data and model code available through a digital archive. The practice of data and code sharing is becoming standard in GIS studies, is an inherent method of this book, and will serve to add additional research value to the book for both academic and practitioner audiences.
Author : A. Townsend Peterson
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2011-11-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780691136882
Terminology, conceptual overview, biogeography, modeling.
Author : Grant Humphries,Dawn R. Magness,Falk Huettmann
Publisher : Springer
Page : 441 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2018-11-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319969787
Ecologists and natural resource managers are charged with making complex management decisions in the face of a rapidly changing environment resulting from climate change, energy development, urban sprawl, invasive species and globalization. Advances in Geographic Information System (GIS) technology, digitization, online data availability, historic legacy datasets, remote sensors and the ability to collect data on animal movements via satellite and GPS have given rise to large, highly complex datasets. These datasets could be utilized for making critical management decisions, but are often “messy” and difficult to interpret. Basic artificial intelligence algorithms (i.e., machine learning) are powerful tools that are shaping the world and must be taken advantage of in the life sciences. In ecology, machine learning algorithms are critical to helping resource managers synthesize information to better understand complex ecological systems. Machine Learning has a wide variety of powerful applications, with three general uses that are of particular interest to ecologists: (1) data exploration to gain system knowledge and generate new hypotheses, (2) predicting ecological patterns in space and time, and (3) pattern recognition for ecological sampling. Machine learning can be used to make predictive assessments even when relationships between variables are poorly understood. When traditional techniques fail to capture the relationship between variables, effective use of machine learning can unearth and capture previously unattainable insights into an ecosystem's complexity. Currently, many ecologists do not utilize machine learning as a part of the scientific process. This volume highlights how machine learning techniques can complement the traditional methodologies currently applied in this field.
Author : J. Andrew Royle,Robert M. Dorazio
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 463 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2008-10-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080559254
A guide to data collection, modeling and inference strategies for biological survey data using Bayesian and classical statistical methods. This book describes a general and flexible framework for modeling and inference in ecological systems based on hierarchical models, with a strict focus on the use of probability models and parametric inference. Hierarchical models represent a paradigm shift in the application of statistics to ecological inference problems because they combine explicit models of ecological system structure or dynamics with models of how ecological systems are observed. The principles of hierarchical modeling are developed and applied to problems in population, metapopulation, community, and metacommunity systems. The book provides the first synthetic treatment of many recent methodological advances in ecological modeling and unifies disparate methods and procedures. The authors apply principles of hierarchical modeling to ecological problems, including * occurrence or occupancy models for estimating species distribution * abundance models based on many sampling protocols, including distance sampling * capture-recapture models with individual effects * spatial capture-recapture models based on camera trapping and related methods * population and metapopulation dynamic models * models of biodiversity, community structure and dynamics Wide variety of examples involving many taxa (birds, amphibians, mammals, insects, plants) Development of classical, likelihood-based procedures for inference, as well as Bayesian methods of analysis Detailed explanations describing the implementation of hierarchical models using freely available software such as R and WinBUGS Computing support in technical appendices in an online companion web site
Author : J. Michael Scott,Patricia Heglund,Michael L. Morrison
Publisher : Island Press
Page : 940 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2002-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 1597263052
Predictions about where different species are, where they are not, and how they move across a landscape or respond to human activities -- if timber is harvested, for instance, or stream flow altered -- are important aspects of the work of wildlife biologists, land managers, and the agencies and policymakers that govern natural resources. Despite the increased use and importance of model predictions, these predictions are seldom tested and have unknown levels of accuracy.Predicting Species Occurrences addresses those concerns, highlighting for managers and researchers the strengths and weaknesses of current approaches, as well as the magnitude of the research required to improve or test predictions of currently used models. The book is an outgrowth of an international symposium held in October 1999 that brought together scientists and researchers at the forefront of efforts to process information about species at different spatial and temporal scales. It is a comprehensive reference that offers an exhaustive treatment of the subject, with 65 chapters by leading experts from around the world that: review the history of the theory and practice of modeling and present a standard terminology examine temporal and spatial scales in terms of their influence on patterns and processes of species distribution offer detailed discussions of state-of-the-art modeling tools and descriptions of methods for assessing model accuracy discuss how to predict species presence and abundance present examples of how spatially explicit data on demographics can provide important information for managers An introductory chapter by Michael A. Huston examines the ecological context in which predictions of species occurrences are made, and a concluding chapter by John A. Wiens offers an insightful review and synthesis of the topics examined along with guidance for future directions and cautions regarding misuse of models. Other contributors include Michael P. Austin, Barry R. Noon, Alan H. Fielding, Michael Goodchild, Brian A. Maurer, John T. Rotenberry, Paul Angermeier, Pierre R. Vernier, and more than a hundred others.Predicting Species Occurrences offers important new information about many of the topics raised in the seminal volume Wildlife 2000 (University of Wisconsin Press, 1986) and will be the standard reference on this subject for years to come. Its state-of-the-art assessment will play a key role in guiding the continued development and application of tools for making accurate predictions and is an indispensable volume for anyone engaged in species management or conservation.
Author : Andrew P. Robinson,Terry Walshe,Mark A. Burgman,Michael Nunn
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 427 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2017-06-08
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780521765961
This book reviews the latest risk-based techniques to protect national interests from invasive pests and pathogens before, at and within national borders.
Author : Mary C. Fabrizio,Mark J. Henderson,Kenneth Alan Rose,Pierre Petitgas
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2022-11-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832506929
Author : James Samuel Clark,Alan E. Gelfand
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780198569671
New statistical tools are changing the way in which scientists analyze and interpret data and models. Hierarchical Bayes and Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods for analysis provide a consistent framework for inference and prediction where information is heterogeneous and uncertain, processes are complicated, and responses depend on scale. Nowhere are these methods more promising than in the environmental sciences.
Author : Robert Fletcher,Marie-Josée Fortin
Publisher : Springer
Page : 523 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2019-02-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030019891
This book provides a foundation for modern applied ecology. Much of current ecology research and conservation addresses problems across landscapes and regions, focusing on spatial patterns and processes. This book is aimed at teaching fundamental concepts and focuses on learning-by-doing through the use of examples with the software R. It is intended to provide an entry-level, easily accessible foundation for students and practitioners interested in spatial ecology and conservation.
Author : Robert C Venette
Publisher : CABI
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2015-03-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781780643946
Over the past century, the number of species that have been transported to areas outside their native range has increased steadily. New pests and pathogens place biological pressure on valuable resident species, but strict bans may conflict with trading and travel needs. An overview of how the conflict can be managed using pest risk mapping and modelling, this book uses worked examples to explain modelling and help development of tool kits for assessment.