The Rhetoric Of Eugenics In Anglo American Thought

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The Rhetoric of Eugenics in Anglo-American Thought

Marouf Arif Hasian
The Rhetoric of Eugenics in Anglo American Thought Book PDF

Author : Marouf Arif Hasian
Publisher : University of Georgia Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0820317713

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The Rhetoric of Eugenics in Anglo-American Thought by Marouf Arif Hasian Pdf

Ranging in subject from England's poor laws to the Human Genome Project, The Rhetoric of Eugenics in Anglo-American Thought is one of the first books to look at the history and development of the eugenics movement in Anglo-American culture. Unlike other works that focus on the movement's historical aberrancies or the claims of its hardline proponents, this study highlights the often unnoticed ways in which the language and ideas of eugenics have permeated democratic discourse. Marouf A. Hasian, Jr. not only examines the attempts of philosophers, scientists, and politicians to balance the rights of the individual against the duties of the state, but also shows how African Americans, Catholics, women, and other communities--dominant and marginalized--have appropriated or confronted the rhetoric of eugenics. Hasian contends that "eugenics" is an ambiguous term that has allowed people to voice their concerns on a number of social issues--a form of discourse that influences the way ordinary citizens make sense of their material and spiritual world. While biological determinism and social necessity are discussed in the works of Plato, Malthus, and Darwin, among others, with theories ranging from equality for all to natural superiority, it is Galton's observations on "positive" and "negative" eugenics that have been widely used to justify a variety of social and political projects--including the sterilization and segregation of the unfit, immigration restrictions, marriage regulations, substance abuse, physical and mental testing, and the establishment of health programs that sought to improve "hygiene." Women, African Americans, and other marginalized communities, for instance, have at times lost reproductive rights in the name of "liberty," "opportunity," or "necessity." Eugenical arguments are more than a creation of pseudo-science or misapplied genetical analysis, Hasian determines; they are also rhetorical fragments, representing the ideologies of multitudes of social actors who, across time, have reconfigured these ideas to legitimize many agendas.

"Art, Sex and Eugenics "

Anthea Callen
Art Sex and Eugenics Book PDF

Author : Anthea Callen
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 317 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2017-07-05
Category : Art
ISBN : 9781351575416

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"Art, Sex and Eugenics " by Anthea Callen Pdf

This book reveals how art and sex promoted the desire for the genetically perfect body. Its eight chapters demonstrate that before eugenics was stigmatized by the Holocaust and Western histories were sanitized of its prevalence, a vast array of Western politicians, physicians, eugenic societies, family leagues, health associations, laboratories and museums advocated, through verbal and visual cultures, the breeding of 'the master race'. Each chapter illustrates the uncanny resemblances between models of sexual management and the perfect eugenic body in America, Britain, France, Communist Russia and Nazi Germany both before and after the Second World War. Traced back to the eighteenth-century anatomy lesson, the perfect eugenic body is revealed as athletic, hygienic, 'pure-blooded' and sexually potent. This paradigm is shown to have persisted as much during the Bolshevik sexual revolution, as in democratic nations and fascist regimes. Consistently posed naked, these images were unashamedly exhibitionist and voyeuristic. Despite stringent legislation against obscenity, not only were these images commended for soliciting the spectator's gaze but also for motivating the spectator to act out their desire. An examination of the counter-archives of Maori and African Americans also exposes how biologically racist eugenics could be equally challenged by art. Ultimately this book establishes that art inculcated procreative sex with the Corpus Delecti - the delectable body, healthy, wholesome and sanctioned by eugenicists for improving the Western race.

Eugenics, 'Aristogenics', Photography

Kris Belden-Adams
Eugenics Aristogenics Photography Book PDF

Author : Kris Belden-Adams
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2020-06-08
Category : Art
ISBN : 9781000182675

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Eugenics, 'Aristogenics', Photography by Kris Belden-Adams Pdf

This is the first study to explore the connections between late-19th-century university/college composite class portraits and the field of eugenics – which first took hold in the United States at Harvard University. Eugenics, "Aristogenics," Photography takes a closer look at how composite portraiture documented an idealized “reality” of the New England social-caste experience and explains how, when positioned in relation to the individual stories and portraits of members of the class, the portraits reveal points of non-conformity and rebellion with their own rhetoric.

American Archives

Shawn Michelle Smith
American Archives Book PDF

Author : Shawn Michelle Smith
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 1999-12-19
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 0691004781

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American Archives by Shawn Michelle Smith Pdf

Visual texts uniquely demonstrate the contested terms of American identity. In American Archives Shawn Michelle Smith offers a bold and disturbing account of how photography and the sciences of biological racialism joined forces in the nineteenth century to offer an idea of what Americans look like--or "should" look like. Her varied sources, which include the middle-class portrait, baby picture, criminal mugshot, and eugenicist record, as well as literary, scientific, and popular texts, enable her to demonstrate how new visual paradigms posed bodily appearance as an index to interior "essence." Ultimately we see how competing preoccupations over gender, class, race, and American identity were played out in the making of a wide range of popular and institutional photographs. Smith demonstrates that as the body was variously mapped and defined as the key to essentialized identities, the image of the white middle-class woman was often held up as the most complete American ideal. She begins by studying gendered images of middle-class domesticity to expose a transformation of feminine architectures of interiority into the "essences" of "blood," "character," and "race." She reads visual documents, as well as literary texts by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Pauline Hopkins, and Theodore Dreiser, as both indices of and forms of resistance to dominant images of gender, class, race, and national identity. Through this analysis Smith shows how the white male gaze that sought to define and constrain white women and people of color was contested and transformed over the course of the nineteenth century. Smith identifies nineteenth-century visual paradigms that continue to shape debates about the terms of American belonging today. American Archives contributes significantly to the growing field of American visual cultural studies, and it is unprecedented in explaining how practices of racialized looking and the parameters of "American looks" were established in the first place.

Popular Eugenics

Susan Currell,Christina Cogdell
Popular Eugenics Book PDF

Author : Susan Currell,Christina Cogdell
Publisher : Ohio University Press
Page : 417 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Culture in motion pictures
ISBN : 9780821416914

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Popular Eugenics by Susan Currell,Christina Cogdell Pdf

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Ted Shawn

Paul A. Scolieri
Ted Shawn Book PDF

Author : Paul A. Scolieri
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 648 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2019-11-01
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9780199331086

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Ted Shawn by Paul A. Scolieri Pdf

Ted Shawn (1891-1972) is the self-proclaimed "Father of American Dance" who helped to transform dance from a national pastime into theatrical art. In the process, he made dancing an acceptable profession for men and taught several generations of dancers, some of whom went on to become legendary choreographers and performers in their own right, most notably his protégés Martha Graham, Louise Brooks, Doris Humphrey, and Charles Weidman. Shawn tried for many years and with great frustration to tell the story of his life's work in terms of its social and artistic value, but struggled, owing to the fact that he was homosexual, a fact known only within his inner circle of friends. Unwilling to disturb the meticulously narrated account of his paternal exceptionalism, he remained closeted, but scrupulously archived his journals, correspondence, programs, photographs, and motion pictures of his dances, anticipating that the full significance of his life, writing, and dances would reveal itself in time. Ted Shawn: His Life, Writings, and Dances is the first critical biography of the dance legend, offering an in-depth look into Shawn's pioneering role in the formation of the first American modern dance company and school, the first all-male dance company, and Jacob's Pillow, the internationally renowned dance festival and school located in the Berkshires. The book explores Shawn's writings and dances in relation to emerging discourses of modernism, eugenics and social evolution, revealing an untold story about the ways that Shawn's homosexuality informed his choreographic vision. The book also elucidates the influences of contemporary writers who were leading a radical movement to depathologize homosexuality, such as the British eugenicist Havelock Ellis and sexologist Alfred Kinsey, and conversely, how their revolutionary ideas about sexuality were shaped by Shawn's modernism.

Racism and Sexual Oppression in Anglo-America

Ladelle McWhorter
Racism and Sexual Oppression in Anglo America Book PDF

Author : Ladelle McWhorter
Publisher : Indiana University Press
Page : 441 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2009-03-26
Category : History
ISBN : 9780253220639

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Racism and Sexual Oppression in Anglo-America by Ladelle McWhorter Pdf

Does the black struggle for civil rights make common cause with the movement to foster queer community, protest anti-queer violence or discrimination, and demand respect for the rights and sensibilities of queer people? Confronting this emotionally charged question, Ladelle McWhorter reveals how a carefully structured campaign against abnormality in the late 19th and early 20th centuries encouraged white Americans to purge society of so-called biological contaminants, people who were poor, disabled, black, or queer. Building on a legacy of savage hate crimes—such as the killings of Matthew Shepard and James Byrd—McWhorter shows that racism, sexual oppression, and discrimination against the disabled, the feeble, and the poor are all aspects of the same societal distemper, and that when the civil rights of one group are challenged, so are the rights of all.

Landscapes of Hope

Dohra Ahmad
Landscapes of Hope Book PDF

Author : Dohra Ahmad
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 261 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2009-03-02
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780195332766

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Landscapes of Hope by Dohra Ahmad Pdf

This volume examines anti-colonial discourse during the understudied but critical period before World War Two, with a specific focus on writers and activists based in the United States.

New Frontiers in International Communication Theory

Mehdi Semati
New Frontiers in International Communication Theory Book PDF

Author : Mehdi Semati
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0742530191

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New Frontiers in International Communication Theory by Mehdi Semati Pdf

New Frontiers in International Communication Theory offers a wide-ranging assessment of the present state of the field of international communication and charts new directions for theory and research. It brings together renowned and emerging scholars who challenge the field to move beyond the limits of existing formulations, approaches, and trajectories, providing an alternative and a supplement to traditional approaches in analysis and study. In rethinking the central problematics of the field, exploring established and new tools and models of inquiry, and articulating new research agendas, this interdisciplinary collection anticipates the future of international communication studies.

The American Religious Debate Over Birth Control, 1907-1937

Kathleen A. Tobin
The American Religious Debate Over Birth Control 1907 1937 Book PDF

Author : Kathleen A. Tobin
Publisher : McFarland
Page : 233 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2017-07-06
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780786450930

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The American Religious Debate Over Birth Control, 1907-1937 by Kathleen A. Tobin Pdf

The ongoing debates on the morality of artificial birth control sparked a heated public debate in the early twentieth century in an already religiously fragmented United States. Many denominations took part in the deliberations both publicly and privately. In examining the ideas about contraception and birth control at that time, this book considers the cultural environment, religion and its connection to the roots of birth control, the questioning of religious doctrine, the Protestants' view of birth control, the Lambeth conferences of 1930, the influence of conservatives, and the influence of Catholics. Also discussed is the historical context of fundamentalists versus modernists, neo-Malthusianism, eugenics, immigration, the movement for legalization organized by Margaret Sanger, and how the Catholic Church came to lead religious resistance to artificial birth control.

The Rhetorics of US Immigration

E. Johanna Hartelius
The Rhetorics of US Immigration Book PDF

Author : E. Johanna Hartelius
Publisher : Penn State Press
Page : 313 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2015-11-10
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780271076553

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The Rhetorics of US Immigration by E. Johanna Hartelius Pdf

In the current geopolitical climate—in which unaccompanied children cross the border in record numbers, and debates on the topic swing violently from pole to pole—the subject of immigration demands innovative inquiry. In The Rhetorics of US Immigration, some of the most prominent and prolific scholars in immigration studies come together to discuss the many facets of immigration rhetoric in the United States. The Rhetorics of US Immigration provides readers with an integrated sense of the rhetorical multiplicity circulating among and about immigrants. Whereas extant literature on immigration rhetoric tends to focus on the media, this work extends the conversation to the immigrants themselves, among others. A collection whose own eclecticism highlights the complexity of the issue, The Rhetorics of US Immigration is not only a study in the language of immigration but also a frank discussion of who is doing the talking and what it means for the future. From questions of activism, authority, and citizenship to the influence of Hollywood, the LGBTQ community, and the church, The Rhetorics of US Immigration considers the myriad venues in which the American immigration question emerges—and the interpretive framework suited to account for it. Along with the editor, the contributors are Claudia Anguiano, Karma R. Chávez, Terence Check, Jay P. Childers, J. David Cisneros, Lisa M. Corrigan, D. Robert DeChaine, Anne Teresa Demo, Dina Gavrilos, Emily Ironside, Christine Jasken, Yazmin Lazcano-Pry, Michael Lechuga, and Alessandra B. Von Burg.

Eugenic Design

Christina Cogdell
Eugenic Design Book PDF

Author : Christina Cogdell
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2010-07-23
Category : Art
ISBN : 9780812221220

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Eugenic Design by Christina Cogdell Pdf

In 1939, Vogue magazine invited commercial designer Raymond Loewy and eight of his contemporaries—including Walter Dorwin Teague, Egmont Arens, and Henry Dreyfuss—to design a dress for the "Woman of the Future" as part of its special issue promoting the New York World's Fair and its theme, "The World of Tomorrow." While focusing primarily on her clothing and accessories, many commented as well on the future woman's physique, predicting that her body and mind would be perfected through the implementation of eugenics. Industrial designers' fascination with eugenics—especially that of Norman Bel Geddes—began during the previous decade, and its principles permeated their theories of the modern design style known as "streamlining." In Eugenic Design, Christina Cogdell charts new territory in the history of industrial design, popular science, and American culture in the 1930s by uncovering the links between streamline design and eugenics, the pseudoscientific belief that the best human traits could—and should—be cultivated through selective breeding. Streamline designers approached products the same way eugenicists approached bodies. Both considered themselves to be reformers advancing evolutionary progress through increased efficiency, hygiene and the creation of a utopian "ideal type." Cogdell reconsiders the popular streamline style in U.S. industrial design and proposes that in theory, rhetoric, and context the style served as a material embodiment of eugenic ideology. With careful analysis and abundant illustrations, Eugenic Design is an ambitious reinterpretation of one of America's most significant and popular design forms, ultimately grappling with the question of how ideology influences design.

The Family in America [2 volumes]

Joseph M. Hawes,Elizabeth F. Shores
The Family in America 2 volumes Book PDF

Author : Joseph M. Hawes,Elizabeth F. Shores
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 1108 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2002-05-22
Category : Family & Relationships
ISBN : 9781576077030

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The Family in America [2 volumes] by Joseph M. Hawes,Elizabeth F. Shores Pdf

An incisive, multidisciplinary look at the American family over the past 200 years, written by respected scholars and researchers. Family in America offers two powerful antidotes to popular misconceptions about American family life: historical perspective and scientific objectivity. When we look back at our early history, we discover that the idealized 1950s family—characterized by a rising birthrate, a stable divorce rate, and a declining age of marriage—was a historical aberration, out of line with long-term historical trends. Working mothers, we learn, are not a 20th century invention; most families throughout American history have needed more than one breadwinner. In the exciting new scholarship described here, readers will learn precisely what is new in American family life and what is not, and acquire the perspective they need to appreciate both the genuine improvements and the losses that come with change.

Across the Great Border Fault

Kevin T. Dann
Across the Great Border Fault Book PDF

Author : Kevin T. Dann
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Natural history
ISBN : 0813527902

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Across the Great Border Fault by Kevin T. Dann Pdf

He argues that these were expressions of the early, "back-to-nature" movement whose underlying biological materialism, or "Naturalism," was integral to American popular culture of the time.".

We Are All Americans, Pure and Simple

Leroy G. Dorsey
We Are All Americans Pure and Simple Book PDF

Author : Leroy G. Dorsey
Publisher : University of Alabama Press
Page : 233 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2013-08-28
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9780817357627

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We Are All Americans, Pure and Simple by Leroy G. Dorsey Pdf

The turn of the 20th century represented one of the most chaotic periods in the nation's history, as immigrants, Native Americans, and African Americans struggled with their roles as Americans while white America feared their encroachments on national identity. This book examines Theodore Roosevelt’s public rhetoric—speeches, essays, and narrative histories—as he attempted to craft one people out of many. Leroy G. Dorsey observes that Roosevelt's solution to the problem appeared straightforward: everyone could become "Americans, pure and simple" if they embraced his notion of "Americanism." Roosevelt grounded his idea of Americanism in myth, particularly the frontier myth—a heroic combination of individual strength and character. When nonwhites and immigrants demonstrated these traits, they would become true Americans, earning an exalted status that they had heretofore been denied. Dorsey’s analysis illuminates how Roosevelt's rhetoric achieved a number of delicate, if problematic, balancing acts. Roosevelt gave his audiences the opportunity to accept a national identity that allowed "some" room for immigrants and nonwhites, while reinforcing their status as others, thereby reassuring white Americans of their superior place in the nation. Roosevelt’s belief in an ordered and unified nation did not overwhelm his private racist attitudes, Dorsey argues, but certainly competed with them. Despite his private sentiments, he recognized that racist beliefs and rhetoric were divisive and bad for the nation’s progress. The resulting message he chose to propagate was thus one of a rhetorical, if not literal, melting pot. By focusing on Roosevelt’s rhetorical constructions of national identity, as opposed to his personal exploits or his role as a policy maker, We Are All Americans offers new insights into Roosevelt’s use of public discourse to bind the nation together during one of the most polarized periods in its history.