The Role Of Biofilms In Device Related Infections

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The Role of Biofilms in Device-Related Infections

Mark Shirtliff,Jeff G. Leid
The Role of Biofilms in Device Related Infections Book PDF

Author : Mark Shirtliff,Jeff G. Leid
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2008-12-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783540681199

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The Role of Biofilms in Device-Related Infections by Mark Shirtliff,Jeff G. Leid Pdf

Approximately 60% of all hospital-associated infections, over one million cases per year, are due to biofilms that have formed on indwelling medical devices. Device-related biofilm infections increase hospital stays and add over one billion dollars/year to U.S. hospitalization costs. Since the use and the types of indwelling medical devices commonly used in modern healthcare are continuously expanding, especially with an aging population, the incidence of biofilm infections will also continue to rise. The central problem with microbial biofilm infections of foreign bodies is their propensity to resist clearance by the host immune system and all antimicrobial agents tested to date. In fact, compared to their free floating, planktonic counterparts, microbes within a biofilm are 50 – 500 times more resistant to antimicrobial agents. Therefore, achieving therapeutic and non-lethal dosing regimens within the human host is impossible. The end result is a conversion from an acute infection to one that is persistent, chronic, and recurrent, most often requiring device removal in order to eliminate the infection. This text will describe the major types of device-related infections, and will explain the host, pathogen, and the unique properties of their interactions in order to gain a better understanding of these recalcitrant infections.

Biofilm Infections

Thomas Bjarnsholt,Peter Østrup Jensen,Claus Moser,Niels Høiby
Biofilm Infections Book PDF

Author : Thomas Bjarnsholt,Peter Østrup Jensen,Claus Moser,Niels Høiby
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2014-10-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 1489982280

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Biofilm Infections by Thomas Bjarnsholt,Peter Østrup Jensen,Claus Moser,Niels Høiby Pdf

This book will cover both the evidence for biofilms in many chronic bacterial infections as well as the problems facing these infections such as diagnostics and treatment regimes. A still increasing interest and emphasis on the sessile bacterial lifestyle biofilms has been seen since it was realized that that less than 0.1% of the total microbial biomass lives in the planktonic mode of growth. The term was coined in 1978 by Costerton et al. who defined the term biofilm for the first time.In 1993 the American Society for Microbiology (ASM) recognised that the biofilmmode of growth was relevant to microbiology. Lately many articles have been published on the clinical implications of bacterial biofilms. Both original articles and reviews concerning the biofilm problem are available.

Bacterial Biofilms

Tony Romeo
Bacterial Biofilms Book PDF

Author : Tony Romeo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2008-02-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783540754183

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Bacterial Biofilms by Tony Romeo Pdf

Throughout the biological world, bacteria thrive predominantly in surface-attached, matrix-enclosed, multicellular communities or biofilms, as opposed to isolated planktonic cells. This choice of lifestyle is not trivial, as it involves major shifts in the use of genetic information and cellular energy, and has profound consequences for bacterial physiology and survival. Growth within a biofilm can thwart immune function and antibiotic therapy and thereby complicate the treatment of infectious diseases, especially chronic and foreign device-associated infections. Modern studies of many important biofilms have advanced well beyond the descriptive stage, and have begun to provide molecular details of the structural, biochemical, and genetic processes that drive biofilm formation and its dispersion. There is much diversity in the details of biofilm development among various species, but there are also commonalities. In most species, environmental and nutritional conditions greatly influence biofilm development. Similar kinds of adhesive molecules often promote biofilm formation in diverse species. Signaling and regulatory processes that drive biofilm development are often conserved, especially among related bacteria. Knowledge of such processes holds great promise for efforts to control biofilm growth and combat biofilm-associated infections. This volume focuses on the biology of biofilms that affect human disease, although it is by no means comprehensive. It opens with chapters that provide the reader with current perspectives on biofilm development, physiology, environmental, and regulatory effects, the role of quorum sensing, and resistance/phenotypic persistence to antimicrobial agents during biofilm growth.

Microbial Biofilms in Healthcare

Karen Vickery
Microbial Biofilms in Healthcare Book PDF

Author : Karen Vickery
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 166 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2020-03-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783039284108

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Microbial Biofilms in Healthcare by Karen Vickery Pdf

Biofilms are ubiquitous and their presence in industry can lead to production losses. However, nowhere do biofilms impact human health and welfare as much as those that are found contaminating the healthcare environment, surgical instruments, equipment, and medical implantable devices. Approximately 70% of healthcare-associated infections are due to biofilm formation, resulting in increased patient morbidity and mortality. Biofilms formed on medical implants are recalcitrant to antibiotic treatment, which leaves implant removal as the principal treatment option. In this book, we investigate the role of biofilms in breast and dental implant disease and cancer. We include in vitro models for investigating treatment of chronic wounds and disinfectant action against Candida sp. Also included are papers on the most recent strategies for treating biofilm infection ranging from antibiotics incorporated into bone void fillers to antimicrobial peptides and quorum sensing.

Biofilm-Mediated Diseases: Causes and Controls

Rina Rani Ray,Moupriya Nag,Dibyajit Lahiri
Biofilm Mediated Diseases Causes and Controls Book PDF

Author : Rina Rani Ray,Moupriya Nag,Dibyajit Lahiri
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2021-05-05
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789811607455

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Biofilm-Mediated Diseases: Causes and Controls by Rina Rani Ray,Moupriya Nag,Dibyajit Lahiri Pdf

This book reviews the current concepts in biofilm formation and its implications in human health and disease. The initial chapters introduce the mechanisms of biofilm formation and its composition. Subsequently, the chapters discuss the role of biofilm in acute and chronic infections. It also explores the pivotal role of both innate and adaptive immunity on the course of biofilm infection. In addition, the book elucidates the bacterial biofilm formation on implantable devices and the current approaches to its treatment and prevention. It analyzes the possible relationship between antimicrobial resistance and biofilm formation. Finally, the book also summarizes the current state-of-the-art therapeutic approaches for preventing and treating biofilms. This book is a useful resource for researchers in the field of microbiology, clinical microbiology, and also medical practitioners.

Microbial Biofilms

Mahmoud Ghannoum,Matthew Parsek,Marvin Whiteley,Pranab K. Mukherjee
Microbial Biofilms Book PDF

Author : Mahmoud Ghannoum,Matthew Parsek,Marvin Whiteley,Pranab K. Mukherjee
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 608 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2015-10-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781683673330

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Microbial Biofilms by Mahmoud Ghannoum,Matthew Parsek,Marvin Whiteley,Pranab K. Mukherjee Pdf

An examination of the research and translational application to prevent and treat biofilm-associated diseases In the decade since the first edition of Microbial Biofilms was published, the interest in this field has expanded, spurring breakthrough research that has advanced the treatment of biofilm-associated diseases. This second edition takes the reader on an exciting, extensive review of bacterial and fungal biofilms, ranging from basic molecular interactions to innovative therapies, with particular emphasis on the division of labor in biofilms, new approaches to combat the threat of microbial biofilms, and how biofilms evade the host defense. Chapters written by established investigators cover recent findings, and contributions from investigators new to the field provide unique and fresh insights. Specifically, Microbial Biofilms provides state-of-the-art research in the field of bacterial and fungal biofilms detailed descriptions of the in vitro and in vivo models available to evaluate microbial biofilms future areas of research and their translational and clinical applications Microbial Biofilms is a useful reference for researchers and clinicians. It will also provide insight in the dynamic field of microbial biofilms for graduate and postgraduate students.

Biofilms in Infection Prevention and Control

Steven L. Percival,David Williams,Tracey Cooper,Jacqueline Randle
Biofilms in Infection Prevention and Control Book PDF

Author : Steven L. Percival,David Williams,Tracey Cooper,Jacqueline Randle
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 394 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2014-01-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780123977519

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Biofilms in Infection Prevention and Control by Steven L. Percival,David Williams,Tracey Cooper,Jacqueline Randle Pdf

Biofilms in Infection and Disease Control: A Healthcare Handbook outlines the scientific evidence and rationale for the prevention of infection, the role biofilms play in infection control, and the issues concerning their resistance to antimicrobials. This book provides practical guidance for healthcare and infection control professionals, as well as students, for preventing and controlling infection. Biofilms are the most common mode of bacterial growth in nature. Highly resistant to antibiotics and antimicrobials, biofilms are the source of more than 65 percent of health care associated infections (HCAI), which, according to the WHO, affect 1.4 million people annually. Biofilms are involved in 80 percent of all microbial infections in the body, including those associated with medical devices such as catheters, endotracheal tubes, joint prostheses, and heart valves. Biofilms are also the principle causes of infections of the middle-ear, dental caries, gingivitis, prostatitis and cystic fibrosis. Importantly, biofilms also significantly delay wound healing and reduce antimicrobial efficiency in at-risk or infected skin wounds. Provides specific procedures for controlling and preventing infection Includes case studies of HCAI, and identifies appropriate treatments Presents national government standards for infection prevention and control Includes extensive references and links to websites for further information

Handbook of Polymer Applications in Medicine and Medical Devices

Paul Stoodley,Luanne Hall-Stoodley,Bill Costerton,Patrick DeMeo,Mark Shirtliff,Ellen Gawalt,Sandeep Kathju
Handbook of Polymer Applications in Medicine and Medical Devices Book PDF

Author : Paul Stoodley,Luanne Hall-Stoodley,Bill Costerton,Patrick DeMeo,Mark Shirtliff,Ellen Gawalt,Sandeep Kathju
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2013-12-05
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780128076675

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Handbook of Polymer Applications in Medicine and Medical Devices by Paul Stoodley,Luanne Hall-Stoodley,Bill Costerton,Patrick DeMeo,Mark Shirtliff,Ellen Gawalt,Sandeep Kathju Pdf

The initial design criteria in the choice of indwelling materials for medical and dental purposes may be pragmatic, and based on the necessary mechanical properties required to fashion a functional device. Orthopedic implants require strong materials for weight-bearing, and articulating surfaces such as joints require durability and resistance to wear. Stents and shunts require flexibility and patency, and sutures require a high tensile strength yet also must be flexible enough for intricate manipulation. As the devices became more sophisticated and developments in materials science provided more options for manufacture, implants are being used more frequently and with longer anticipated lifetimes. Concurrently, the design process increasingly incorporated biocompatibility and comfort into the design criteria. However, with longer lifetimes, the more frequent use of invasive surgical procedures involving indwelling devices and biologically-friendly materials, there has been a rise in the number of incidences of device-related infection. Urinary catheters have been estimated to account for 30% of all nosocomial infections [1]. Between 66 and 88% of these occur after urinary catheterization [2]. It is also reported that almost 100% of catheterized patients develop an infection in an openly draining indwelling catheter which has been in place for four days or more [2]. For some procedures, such as orthopedic joint arthroplasties, the diagnosed surgical site infection rates are relatively low (between 1% and 2%; [3]); however, the increasing number of patients undergoing joint-replacement surgery translates to large numbers of patients afflicted with the consequences of complicating infections per year. Furthermore, infection of artificial joints can be devastating, since oral or IV antibiotic therapy frequently fails to resolve the infection, with the only remaining course of action being surgical debridement or partial or total revision. These two examples, the first with very high numbers of patients but of lesser severity in terms of impact to the individual, and the second, low numbers but severe patient impact, reflect the incentive to pursue a third design criteria—that of infection resistance—into materials and devices [4]. In the following sections we will discuss the role of bacterial biofilms in infection, and the growing literature highlighting biofilms as an important cause of device-related infection.

Bacterial Biofilms

Sadik Dincer,Melis Sümengen Özdenefe,Afet Arkut
Bacterial Biofilms Book PDF

Author : Sadik Dincer,Melis Sümengen Özdenefe,Afet Arkut
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 362 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2020-10-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781789858990

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Bacterial Biofilms by Sadik Dincer,Melis Sümengen Özdenefe,Afet Arkut Pdf

This book examines biofilms in nature. Organized into four parts, this book addresses biofilms in wastewater treatment, inhibition of biofilm formation, biofilms and infection, and ecology of biofilms. It is designed for clinicians, researchers, and industry professionals in the fields of microbiology, biotechnology, ecology, and medicine as well as graduate and postgraduate students.

Biofilm-based Healthcare-associated Infections

Gianfranco Donelli
Biofilm based Healthcare associated Infections Book PDF

Author : Gianfranco Donelli
Publisher : Springer
Page : 197 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2014-11-10
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319097824

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Biofilm-based Healthcare-associated Infections by Gianfranco Donelli Pdf

The aim of this book is to provide readers with a wide overview of the main healthcare-associated infections caused by bacteria and fungi able to grow as biofilm. The recently acquired knowledge on the pivotal role played by biofilm-growing microorganisms in healthcare-related infections has given a new dynamic to detection, prevention and treatment of these infections in patients admitted to both acute care hospitals and long-term care facilities. Clinicians, hygienists and microbiologists will be updated by leading scientists on the state-of-art of biofilm-based infections and on the most innovative strategies for prevention and treatment of these infections, often caused by emerging multidrug-resistant biofilm-growing microorganisms.

Biofilm Eradication and Prevention

Tamilvanan Shunmugaperumal
Biofilm Eradication and Prevention Book PDF

Author : Tamilvanan Shunmugaperumal
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 339 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2010-12-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118043554

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Biofilm Eradication and Prevention by Tamilvanan Shunmugaperumal Pdf

Biofilm Eradication and Preventions presents the basics of biofilm formation on medical devices, diseases related to this formation, and approaches pharmaceutical researchers need to take to limit this problem. Split into three parts, the first deals with the development and characterization of biofilm on the surfaces of implanted or inserted medical devices. Questions as to why biofilms form over medical device surfaces and what triggers biofilm formation are addressed. In the second section, the author discusses biofilm-mediated chronic infections occurred in various organs (eyes, mouth, wounds) and pharmaceutical and drug delivery knowledge gained from research in these area. The third part explores pharmaceutical approaches like lipid-and polymer-based drug delivery carriers for eradicating biofilm on device-related infections. In addition, this section also explores the topic of novel small molecule (like iron and its complexes/metal chelators) and a quorum-sensing inhibitors to control medical biofilm formation.

Medical Implications of Biofilms

Michael Wilson,Deirdre Devine
Medical Implications of Biofilms Book PDF

Author : Michael Wilson,Deirdre Devine
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2003-09-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 1139438018

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Medical Implications of Biofilms by Michael Wilson,Deirdre Devine Pdf

Human tissues often support large, complex microbial communities growing as biofilms that can cause a variety of infections. As a result of an increased use of implanted medical devices, the incidence of these biofilm-associated diseases is increasing: the non-shedding surfaces of these devices provide ideal substrata for colonisation by biofilm-forming microbes. The consequences of this mode of growth are far-reaching. As microbes in biofilms exhibit increased tolerance towards antimicrobial agents and decreased susceptibility to host defence systems, biofilm-associated diseases are becoming increasingly difficult to treat. Not surprisingly, therefore, interest in biofilms has increased dramatically. The application of microscopic and molecular techniques has revolutionised our understanding of biofilm structure, composition, organisation, and activities, resulting in important advances in the prevention and treatment of biofilm-related diseases. The purpose of this book, which was first published in 2003, is to bring these advances to the attention of clinicians and medical researchers.

Clinical Management of Complicated Urinary Tract Infection

Ahmad Nikibakhsh
Clinical Management of Complicated Urinary Tract Infection Book PDF

Author : Ahmad Nikibakhsh
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 307 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2011-09-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789533073934

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Clinical Management of Complicated Urinary Tract Infection by Ahmad Nikibakhsh Pdf

Complicated urinary tract infections (cUTIs) are a major cause of hospital admissions and are associated with significant morbidity and health care costs. Knowledge of baseline risk of urinary tract infection can help clinicians make informed diagnostic and therapeutic decisions. Prevalence rates of UTI vary by age, gender, race, and other predisposing risk factors. In this regard, this book provides comprehensive information on etiology, epidemiology, immunology, pathology, pathogenic mechanisms, symptomatology, investigation and management of urinary tract infection. Chapters cover common problems in urinary tract infection and put emphasis on the importance of making a correct clinical decision and choosing the appropriate therapeutic approach. Topics are organized to address all of the major complicated conditions frequently seen in urinary tract infection. The authors have paid particular attention to urological problems like the outcome of patients with vesicoureteric reflux, the factors affecting renal scarring, obstructive uropathy, voiding dysfunction and catheter associated problems. This book will be indispensable for all professionals involved in the medical care of patients with urinary tract infection.

Biofilms in Human Diseases: Treatment and Control

Sunil Kumar,Niharika Chandra,Leena Singh,Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi,Ajit Varma
Biofilms in Human Diseases Treatment and Control Book PDF

Author : Sunil Kumar,Niharika Chandra,Leena Singh,Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi,Ajit Varma
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2019-11-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783030307578

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Biofilms in Human Diseases: Treatment and Control by Sunil Kumar,Niharika Chandra,Leena Singh,Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi,Ajit Varma Pdf

This book highlights treatment strategies for bacterial biofilms in connection with a variety of human diseases. In particular, it reviews bacterial biofilm formation and its mechanism. Topics covered include biofilms in human health, the role of biofilms in mediating human diseases, and methods for testing bacterial biofilms. Further sections concentrate on biofilm-mediated diseases in different parts of the human gastrointestinal tract, while therapeutic strategies for biofilm control and natural agents that disrupt bacterial biofilms are also covered. Readers will also find the latest advances in probiotics and biofilms, as well as the use of probiotics to counteract biofilm-associated infections. Biofilms and antimicrobial resistance are discussed. Subsequent chapters address the management of inflammatory bowel disease via probiotics biofilms, as well as the role of probiotics bacteria in the treatment of human diseases associated with bacterial biofilms. The book is chiefly intended for clinicians/scientists in the fields of medical microbiology, applied microbiology, biochemistry, and biotechnology.

Medical Biofilms

Jana Jass,Susanne Surman,James Walker
Medical Biofilms Book PDF

Author : Jana Jass,Susanne Surman,James Walker
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2003-04-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 0471988677

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Medical Biofilms by Jana Jass,Susanne Surman,James Walker Pdf

Biofilms are formed by microorganisms growing on surfaces and comprise a series of microcolonies interspersed with spaces through which fluids and other microorganisms move. In medicine, the primary problems are biofilms associated with implants: infections are increasingly difficult to treat with traditional antibiotics and removal of the implant often becomes essential, frequently leading to higher morbidity and mortality. This will be the first book dedicated to medical biofilms. It will cover much recent information on the problems of biofilms, how to detect them and how to control their presence.