The Speculatores The Men Who Spied For Rome

Author : Mario J.A. Bartolini
Publisher : Austin Macauley Publishers
Page : 161 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2024-05-24
Category : History
ISBN : 9798889106944

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The Speculatores: The Men Who Spied for Rome by Mario J.A. Bartolini Pdf

Over recent decades, scholars of ancient Roman history have begun to peel back the veils on the realm of intelligence within the Roman State, exploring its integral role in shaping Rome’s defensive grand strategy. While the consensus posits a noticeable shift from indifference during the Republic era (509-27 BCE) to a more engaged stance in the imperial epoch post 27 BCE, it particularly highlights the Dominate period (284-476 CE) as the ‘Golden Age’ of Roman intelligence endeavors. However, a veil of ambiguity still shrouds Rome’s engagement in external or foreign intelligence operations, notably espionage. Amidst this scholarly dissonance, The Speculatores: The Men Who Spied for Rome embarks on an exploratory voyage to unearth the roots of this disagreement. With a keen eye on the historical narrative and a robust analysis, this book endeavors to bridge the gap in understanding, delving into the very rationale that questions the existence and extent of Roman espionage activities As you traverse through the pages, The Speculatores unveils the clandestine world of those who might have operated in the shadows for the glory of Rome, offering a fresh lens through which to understand the unseen sinews that perhaps bolstered the mighty Roman machinery of statecraft and defense.

Author : Rose Mary Sheldon
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2004-12-16
Category : History
ISBN : 9781135771065

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Intelligence Activities in Ancient Rome by Rose Mary Sheldon Pdf

Professor Sheldon uses the modern concept of the intelligence cycle to trace intelligence activities in Rome whether they were done by private citizens, the government, or the military. Examining a broad range of activities the book looks at the many types of espionage tradecraft that have left their traces in the ancient sources: * intelligence and counterintelligence gathering * covert action * clandestine operations * the use of codes and ciphers Dispelling the myth that such activities are a modern invention, Professor Sheldon explores how these ancient spy stories have modern echoes as well. What is the role of an intelligence service in a free republic? When do the security needs of the state outweigh the rights of the citizen? If we cannot trust our own security services, how safe can we be? Although protected by the Praetorian Guard, seventy-five percent of Roman emperors died by assassination or under attack by pretenders to his throne. Who was guarding the guardians? For students of Rome, and modern social studies too - this will provide a fascinating read.

Author : Rose Mary Sheldon
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2004-12-16
Category : History
ISBN : 9781135771072

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Intelligence Activities in Ancient Rome by Rose Mary Sheldon Pdf

Professor Sheldon uses the modern concept of the intelligence cycle to trace intelligence activities in Rome whether they were done by private citizens, the government, or the military. Examining a broad range of activities the book looks at the many types of espionage tradecraft that have left their traces in the ancient sources: * intelligence and counterintelligence gathering * covert action * clandestine operations * the use of codes and ciphers Dispelling the myth that such activities are a modern invention, Professor Sheldon explores how these ancient spy stories have modern echoes as well. What is the role of an intelligence service in a free republic? When do the security needs of the state outweigh the rights of the citizen? If we cannot trust our own security services, how safe can we be? Although protected by the Praetorian Guard, seventy-five percent of Roman emperors died by assassination or under attack by pretenders to his throne. Who was guarding the guardians? For students of Rome, and modern social studies too - this will provide a fascinating read.

Author : James W. Ermatinger
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 606 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2018-05-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9798216140542

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The Roman Empire [2 volumes] by James W. Ermatinger Pdf

Covering material from the time of Julius Caesar to the sack of Rome, this topically arranged reference set provides substantive entries on people, cities, government, institutions, military developments, material culture, and other topics related to the Roman Empire. The Roman Empire was one of the greatest and most influential forces of the ancient world, and many of its achievements endure in one form or another to this day. Because of its geographic breadth, cultural diversity, and overall complexity, it is also one of the most difficult organizations to understand. This book focuses on the Roman Empire from the time of Julius Caesar to the sack of Rome. While most references on the Roman world provide a series of alphabetically arranged entries, this work is organized in broad topical chapters on government and politics, administration, individuals, groups and organizations, places, events, military developments, and objects and artifacts. Each section provides 20 to 30 substantive entries along with an overview essay. The work also provides a selection of primary source documents and closes with a bibliography of important print and electronic resources.

Author : John Farman
Publisher : Millbrook Press
Page : 104 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2002-01-01
Category : True Crime
ISBN : 0822508451

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The Short and Bloody History of Spies by John Farman Pdf

A humorous presentation of the history of espionage and the stories of individual spies from around the world.

Author : Rodney Carlisle
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 809 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2015-03-26
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317471776

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Encyclopedia of Intelligence and Counterintelligence by Rodney Carlisle Pdf

From references to secret agents in The Art of War in 400 B.C.E. to the Bush administration's ongoing War on Terrorism, espionage has always been an essential part of state security policies. This illustrated encyclopedia traces the fascinating stories of spies, intelligence, and counterintelligence throughout history, both internationally and in the United States. Written specifically for students and general readers by scholars, former intelligence officers, and other experts, Encyclopedia of Intelligence and Counterintelligence provides a unique background perspective for viewing history and current events. In easy-to-understand, non-technical language, it explains how espionage works as a function of national policy; traces the roots of national security; profiles key intelligence leaders, agents, and double-agents; discusses intelligence concepts and techniques; and profiles the security organizations and intelligence history and policies of nations around the world. As a special feature, the set also includes forewords by former CIA Director Robert M. Gates and former KGB Major General Oleg Kalugin that help clarify the evolution of intelligence and counterintelligence and their crucial roles in world affairs today.

Author : Brian Campbell,Lawrence A. Tritle
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 822 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2013-01-09
Category : History
ISBN : 9780199333806

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The Oxford Handbook of Warfare in the Classical World by Brian Campbell,Lawrence A. Tritle Pdf

This Handbook gathers 38 leading historians to describe, analyze, and interpret warfare and its effects in classical Greece and Rome.

Author : Terry Crowdy
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 283 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2011-12-20
Category : History
ISBN : 9781780962245

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The Enemy Within by Terry Crowdy Pdf

Separating myth from reality, The Enemy Within traces the history of espionage from its development in ancient times through to the end of the Cold War and beyond, shedding light on the clandestine activities that have so often tipped the balance in times of war. This detailed account delves into the murky depths of the realm of spymasters and their spies, revealing many amazing and often bizarre stories along the way. From the monkey hanged as a spy during the Napoleonic wars to the British Double Cross Committee in World War II, this journey through the history of espionage shows us that no two spies are alike and their fascinating stories are fraught with danger and intrigue.

Author : Seth William Stevenson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 950 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 1889
Category : Coins, Roman
ISBN : STANFORD:36105030781020

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A Dictionary of Roman Coins, Republican and Imperial by Seth William Stevenson Pdf

Author : Pat Southern
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2007-10-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780198044017

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The Roman Army by Pat Southern Pdf

Written by a leading authority on Roman military history, this fascinating volume spans over a thousand years as it offers a memorable picture of one of the world's most noted fighting forces, paying special attention to the life of the common soldier. Southern here illuminates the Roman army's history, culture, and organization, providing fascinating details on topics such as military music, holidays, strategy, the construction of Roman fortresses and forts, the most common battle formations, and the many tools of war, from spears, bows and arrows, swords, and slingshots, to the large catapulta (which fired giant arrows and bolts) and the ballista (which hurled huge stones). Perhaps most interesting are the details Southern provides about everyday life in the Roman army, everything from the soldiers pay (they were paid three times per year, but money was deducted for such items as food, clothing, weapons, the burial club, the pension scheme, and so on) to their often brutal life--if whole units turned and ran, about one-tenth of the men concerned were chosen by lot and clubbed to death and the rest were put on barley rations instead of wheat. Moreover, soldiers who lost weapons or their shields would fight savagely to get them back or would die in the process, rather than suffer the shame that attached to throwing weapons away or running from the battle. Attractively illustrated, this book offers a fascinating look at the life of the Roman soldier, drawing on everything from Rome's rich historical and archaeological record to soldier's personal correspondence to depictions of military subjects in literature and art.

Author : William Smith,Charles Anthon
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1142 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 1843
Category : Classical dictionaries
ISBN : UOM:39015027980120

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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities by William Smith,Charles Anthon Pdf

Author : Ilkka Syvanne
Publisher : Pen and Sword
Page : 481 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2015-09-09
Category : History
ISBN : 9781848848559

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Military History of Late Rome 284-361 by Ilkka Syvanne Pdf

This ambitious series gives the reader a comprehensive narrative of late Roman military history from 284-641. Each volume (5 are planned) gives a detailed account of the changes in organization, equipment, strategy and tactics among both the Roman forces and her enemies in the relevant period, while also giving a detailed but accessible account of the campaigns and battles. Volume I covers the period 284-361, starting with recovery from the 'third-century crisis' and the formation of the Tetrarchy. Constantine's civil wars and stabilization.are also major themes, with the pattern repeated under his sons. Constantius II's wars against the usurper Magnentius, the Danubian tribes and the Sassanid Persians illustrate the serious combination of internal and external threats the Empire faced at this time. The author discusses these and the many other dramatic military events in their full context and puts forward some interesting conclusions on strategic and tactical developments. He argues, for example, that the Roman shift from infantry to cavalry as the dominant arm occurred considerably earlier than usually accepted. Anyone with an interest in the military history of this period will find it both informative and thought-provoking.

Author : Antonio Santosuosso
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2018-03-09
Category : History
ISBN : 9780429965654

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Storming The Heavens by Antonio Santosuosso Pdf

In the closing years of the second century B.C., the ancient world watched as the Roman armies maintained clear superiority over all they surveyed. But, social turmoil prevailed at the heart of her territories, led by an increasing number of dispossessed farmers, too little manpower for the army, and an inevitable conflict with the allies who had fought side by side with the Romans to establish Roman dominion. Storming the Heavens looks at this dramatic history from a variety of angles. What changed most radically, Santosuosso argues, was the behavior of soldiers in the Roman armies. The troops became the enemies within, their pillage and slaughter of fellow citizens indiscriminate, their loyalty not to the Republic but to their leaders, as long as they were ample providers of booty. By opening the military ranks to all, the new army abandoned its role as depository of the values of the upper classes and the propertied. Instead, it became an institution of the poor and drain on the power of the Empire. Santosuosso also investigates other topics, such as the monopoly of military power in the hands of a few, the connection between the armed forces and the cherished values of the state, the manipulation of the lower classes so that they would accept the view of life, control, and power dictated by the oligarchy, and the subjugation and dehumanization of subject peoples, whether they be Gauls, Britons, Germans, Africans, or even the Romans themselves.

Author : Matthew Bunson
Publisher : Infobase Publishing
Page : 657 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2014-05-14
Category : History
ISBN : 9781438110271

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Encyclopedia of the Roman Empire by Matthew Bunson Pdf

Not much has happened in the Roman Empire since 1994 that required the first edition to be updated, but Bunson, a prolific reference and history author, has revised it, incorporated new findings and thinking, and changed the dating style to C.E. (Common Era) and B.C.E. (Before Common Era). For the 500 years from Julius Caesar and the Gallic Wars in 59-51 B.C.E. to the fall of the empire in the west in 476 C.E, he discusses personalities, terms, sites, and events. There is very little cross-referencing.

Author : Ross Cowan
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 66 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2014-01-20
Category : History
ISBN : 9781782009276

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Roman Guardsman 62 BC–AD 324 by Ross Cowan Pdf

From the civil wars of the Late Republic to Constantine's bloody reunification of the Empire, elite corps of guardsmen were at the heart of every Roman army. Whether as bodyguards or as shock troops in battle, the fighting skills of praetorians, speculatores, singulares and protectores determined the course of Roman history. Modern scholars tend to present the praetorians as pampered, disloyal and battle-shy, but the Romans knew them as valiant warriors, men who strove to live up to their honorific title pia vindex – loyal and avenging. Closely associated with the Republican praetorian cohorts, and gradually assimilated into the Imperial Praetorian Guard, were the speculatores. A cohort was established by Marc Antony in the 30s BC for the purposes of reconnaissance and intelligence gathering, but soon the speculatores were acting as close bodyguards a role they maintained until the end of the first century AD. This title will detail the changing nature of these units, their organization and operational successes and failures from their origins in the late Republic through to their unsuccessful struggle against Constantine the Great.