Theories Of Human Memory And Their Application In Education An Overview
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Theories of Human Memory and Their Application In Education. An Overview by Solomon Moses Pdf
Seminar paper from the year 2019 in the subject Psychology - Cognition, course: EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY, language: English, abstract: How do our memories store information? Why is it that we can recall a memory at will from decades ago, and what purpose does forgetting information served? These are the questions the following wssay is concerned with. Therefore, after a short introduction into the topic of memory, the most influencal theories of memory storage, ranging from the multi store model to the flashbulb memory theory, are introduced. Additionally, a short overview over the theory of false memories and the weapon effect on eyewitness testimonies is given as well. Finally, a brief conclusion of the findings is given.
In this up-to-date book, author Ian Neath offers readers an exploration of the wonders of accumulated knowledge. With an emphasis on theory and models as well as on research, Neath maintains an ideal balance between historically significant findings and current, state of the art research. He illustrates the process of designing and conducting diagnostic research, and in the process gives readers an appreciation of experimental design. The various theories of memory are introduced, with an examination of how each has been developed and evaluated.
This undergraduate text presents a view of current research on human memory that relates traditional laboratory-based work to the rich and growing body of evidence from the study of memory in everyday life and in the clinic. The text has three parallel strands; First, an account of what laboratory-based studies have told us about the structure and function of human memory, and how theories are developed and tested. This includes a clear exposition of the relationship between theory development and experimental data and involves a detailed description of key experiments. The links with theories of learning based on conditioning in animals are also explored, particularly the practical implications of such work for the modification of habits and the treatment of emotional disorders. The methods of Artificial Intelligence and Connectionist models of memory based on Parallel Distributed Processing approaches to cognition are considered. The second strand of the book is rather less conventional, approaching the analysis of human memory by starting with the problems people encounter in the world, and using these to motivate an interest in the study of memory in the laboratory.The third strand that runs through the book is concerned with the breakdown of memory in brain-damaged patients. In addition to work on amnesic patients Human Memory uses neuropsychological data in order to demonstrate the everyday importance of memory, and includes detailed description of individual patients with memory deficits of various types. The account covers both the theoretical implications of the various deficits and the light they throw on the importance of memory in everyday life. Finally the question is raised of how psychology can help the patients using specific case histories to illustrate the range of single-case and group treatment designs that are now being applied. The book is aimed at a university or college student taking a course in human memory, but assumes that memory lies at the centre of cognition. Consequently the links between memory and attention, perception, action and emotion are stressed, making it a useful core text for a more general course on cognitive psychology.Human Memory aims to teach aspects of human learning and memory that will be useful to readers both in understanding their own memory, and in providing a background for a range of possible subsequent courses which might involve education, law, medicine or any of a range of social sciences.
National Academy of Sciences,Institute of Medicine,Sandra Ackerman
Author : National Academy of Sciences,Institute of Medicine,Sandra Ackerman Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 195 pages File Size : 50,9 Mb Release : 1992-01-01 Category : Medical ISBN : 9780309045292
Discovering the Brain by National Academy of Sciences,Institute of Medicine,Sandra Ackerman Pdf
The brain ... There is no other part of the human anatomy that is so intriguing. How does it develop and function and why does it sometimes, tragically, degenerate? The answers are complex. In Discovering the Brain, science writer Sandra Ackerman cuts through the complexity to bring this vital topic to the public. The 1990s were declared the "Decade of the Brain" by former President Bush, and the neuroscience community responded with a host of new investigations and conferences. Discovering the Brain is based on the Institute of Medicine conference, Decade of the Brain: Frontiers in Neuroscience and Brain Research. Discovering the Brain is a "field guide" to the brainâ€"an easy-to-read discussion of the brain's physical structure and where functions such as language and music appreciation lie. Ackerman examines: How electrical and chemical signals are conveyed in the brain. The mechanisms by which we see, hear, think, and pay attentionâ€"and how a "gut feeling" actually originates in the brain. Learning and memory retention, including parallels to computer memory and what they might tell us about our own mental capacity. Development of the brain throughout the life span, with a look at the aging brain. Ackerman provides an enlightening chapter on the connection between the brain's physical condition and various mental disorders and notes what progress can realistically be made toward the prevention and treatment of stroke and other ailments. Finally, she explores the potential for major advances during the "Decade of the Brain," with a look at medical imaging techniquesâ€"what various technologies can and cannot tell usâ€"and how the public and private sectors can contribute to continued advances in neuroscience. This highly readable volume will provide the public and policymakersâ€"and many scientists as wellâ€"with a helpful guide to understanding the many discoveries that are sure to be announced throughout the "Decade of the Brain."
After a historical overview, this text emphasizes the relationships among research, data, and theory in the field of memory, and covers areas including sensory memory, amnesia, and memory development.
Introduction to Human Memory (PLE: Memory) by Vernon Gregg Pdf
Originally published in 1986, this book was written for undergraduates who had completed an introductory course in psychology, and aimed to acquaint the student with the core of recent experimental findings and theoretical ideas concerning human memory. Each chapter deals with a specific area of memory research but care is taken to build on what has been covered in preceding chapters, so providing an integrated treatment of the subject. Thus, the book can comfortably be read from cover to cover, or selected issues can be referred to in isolation. Important features of the book include discussion of fundamental issues about the nature of the scientific process, the role of models and theories in it, and the historical development of models of human memory. Also, the treatment of ‘Forgetting’ includes chapters on motivational aspects (psychopathological forgetting, post-hypnotic amnesia, and directed forgetting), and organic amnesia.
The Psychology of Human Memory by Arthur Wingfield,Dennis L. Byrnes Pdf
The Psychology of Human Memory presents a comprehensive discussion on the principles of human memory. The book is primarily concerned with theories and experiments on the acquisition and use of information. Topics on theoretical ideas that formed the basis for the earliest studies of memory; memory processes; aspects of association theory; capacity limitations; coding processes; types of memories; and applied memory research are also tackled. Psychologists, educators, psychiatrists, and students will find the book a good reference material.
This book provides a complete survey of research and theory on human memory in three major sections. A background section covers issues of the history of memory, and basic neuroscience and methodology. A core topics section discusses sensory registers, mechanisms of forgetting, and short-term/working, nondeclarative, episodic, and semantic memory. Finally, a special topics section includes formal models of memory, memory for space and time, autobiographical memory, memory and reality, and more. Throughout, the author weaves applications from psychology, medicine, law, and education to show the usefulness of the concepts in everyday life and multiple career paths. Opportunities for students to explore the assessment of memory in laboratory-based settings are also provided. Chapters can be covered in any order, providing instructors with the utmost flexibility in course assignments, and each one includes an overview, key terms, Stop and Review synopses, Try it Out exercises, Improving Your Memory and Study in Depth boxes, study questions, and Putting It All Together and Explore More sections. This text is intended for undergraduate or graduate courses in human memory, human learning and memory, neuropsychology of memory, and seminars on topics in human memory. It can also be used for more general cognitive psychology and cognitive science courses. New to this edition: - Now in full color. - More tables, graphs, and photos to help students visualize concepts. -Improving Your Memory boxes highlight the practical aspects of memory, and Study in Depth boxes review the steps of how results were constructed. -The latest memory research on the testing effect, the influences of sleep, memory reconsolidation, childhood memory, the default mode network, neurogenesis, and more. -Greater coverage of neuroscience, fMRIs, and other recent advances such as NIRS and pupilometry. -A website at www.routledge.com/cw/radvansky with outlines, review points, chapter summaries, key terms with definitions, quizzes, and links to related websites, videos, and suggested readings for students as well as PowerPoints, multiple-choice and essay questions, discussion questions, and a conversion guide for current adopters for instructors.
Provides students with a guide to human memory, its properties, theories about how it works, and how studying it can help us understand who we are and why we do the things that we do. For undergraduate and graduate courses in Human Memory. This book provides a very broad range of topics covering more territory than most books. In addition to some coverage of basic issues of human memory and cognition that are of interest to researchers in the field, the chapters also cover issues that will be relevant to students with a range of interests including those students interested in clinical, social, and developmental psychology, as well as those planning on going on to medical and law schools. The writing is aimed at talking directly to students (as opposed to talking down to them) in a clear and effective manner. Not too dense, but also not too conversational as well. This 2nd edition includes a series of exercises that allow the student to try out the concepts and principles conveyed in the chapters, or to use as the basis for exploring their own ideas.
Memory in Education by Robert Z. Zheng,Michael K. Gardner Pdf
As our understanding of the human memory system broadens and develops, new opportunities arise for improving students’ long-term knowledge retention in the classroom. Written by two experts on the subject, this book explores how scientific models of memory and cognition can inform instructional practices. Six chapters guide readers through the information processing model of memory, working and long-term memory, and Cognitive Load Theory (CLT) before addressing instructional strategies. This accessible, up-to-date volume is designed for any educational psychology or general education course that includes memory in the curriculum and will be indispensable for student researchers and both pre- and in-service teachers alike.
Introduction to Psychology by Jennifer Walinga,Charles Stangor Pdf
This book is designed to help students organize their thinking about psychology at a conceptual level. The focus on behaviour and empiricism has produced a text that is better organized, has fewer chapters, and is somewhat shorter than many of the leading books. The beginning of each section includes learning objectives; throughout the body of each section are key terms in bold followed by their definitions in italics; key takeaways, and exercises and critical thinking activities end each section.
Relating Theory and Data by William E. Hockley,Stephan Lewandowsky Pdf
This festschrift represents the proceedings of a conference held in honor of Bennet B. Murdock, one of the foremost researchers and theoreticians on human memory and cognition. A highly renowned investigator respected for both his empirical and theoretical contributions to the field, Murdock summarized and focused a large amount of research activity with his 1974 book Human Memory: Theory and Data. This unique collection of articles addresses many of the issues discussed in his classic text. Divided into five principal sections, its coverage includes: theoretical perspectives on human memory ranging from a biological view to an exposition of the value of formal models; recent progress in the study of processes in immediate memory and recognition memory; and new developments in componential and distributed approaches to the modeling of human memory. Each section concludes with an integrative commentary provided by some of Murdock’s eminent colleagues from the University of Toronto. Thus, this book offers a diversity of perspectives on contemporary topics in the discipline, and will be of interest to students and scholars in all branches of cognitive science.
An Introduction to Cognitive Education by Adrian Ashman,Robert Conway Pdf
This book provides an accessible introduction to the field of cognitive education. It explains the concepts commonly found in the cognitive psychology and cognitive education literatures, theories and models of human thinking and intelligent behavior, and how these have been applied to psychoeducational assessment, instruction, and the adaption of student behavior. The book includes numerous examples to explain the concepts, theories, and applications, and includes supplementary reading lists and study questions.
Memory by Alan Baddeley,Michael W. Eysenck,Michael C. Anderson Pdf
The third edition of Memory provides students with the most comprehensive introduction to the study of human memory and its applications in the field. Written by three leading experts, this bestselling textbook delivers an authoritative and accessible overview of key topic areas. Each chapter combines breadth of content coverage with a wealth of relevant practical examples, whilst the engaging writing style invites the reader to share the authors’ fascination with the exploration of memory through their individual areas of expertise. Across the text, the scientific theory is connected to a range of real-world questions and everyday human experiences. As a result, this edition of Memory is an essential resource for those interested in this important field and embarking on their studies in the subject. Key features of this edition: it is fully revised and updated to address the latest research, theories, and findings; chapters on learning, organization, and autobiographical memory form a more integrated section on long-term memory and provide relevant links to neuroscience research; it has new material addressing current research into visual short-term and working memory, and links to research on visual attention; it includes content on the state-of-play on working memory training; the chapter on “memory across the lifespan” strengthens the applied emphasis, including the effects of malnutrition in developing nations on cognition and memory. The third edition is supported by a Companion Website providing a range of core resources for students and lecturers.
