Twenty Six Centuries Of Agrarian Reform

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Twenty-Six Centuries of Agrarian Reform

Author : Elias H. Tuma
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2022-04-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780520307346

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Twenty-Six Centuries of Agrarian Reform by Elias H. Tuma Pdf

Have land reform movements ever managed to redistribute wealth, to encourage economic development, to improve standards of living, to ensure political stability? This book answers in the negative. Drawing upon land reform movements over twenty-six centuries of history, Tuma develops a hypothesis about land tenure reform that should enable other scholars to evaluate the success of past reform movements and to see the trends of present and future ones more clearly. In the first part of the study, a general definition of land tenure reform is advanced. Starting with the ordinary meaning of reform as "a redistribution of land to benefit the small farmer or landless agricultural worker," this definition is modified so as to take into account various forms of tenure of title to land, patterns of cultivation, terms of holding, and scale of operation. The middle section of the book presents a comparative study of different types of land reform movements. Eight major "case histories" are considered--the Greek reforms of Solon and Pisistratus in the sixth century B.C.; the Roman reforms of the Gracchi in the second century B.C.; the English tenure changes covering the commutations of the Middle Ages, and the enclosures of the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries; the reforms accompanying the French Revolution; the three Russian reforms: the emancipation of 1861, the Stolypin reforms of 1906 - 1911, and the Soviet reform beginning in 1917; the Mexican reform after the 1910 revolution; the Japanese reform after the Second World War; and the Egyptian reform starting in 1952. In sum, the book relates the land reform movements of past centuries to those now in progress in underdeveloped countries. It argues that the land reforms of the last two decades have dealt with symptoms rather than causes, have affected only a small percentage of either the population or the cultivable area, and warns that even if high concentrations of the land-holdings are broken down, reconcentration is likely to recur unless strong preventive measures are taken. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1965.

Twenty-Six Centuries of Agrarian Reform

Author : Elias H. Tuma
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2023-11-10
Category : History
ISBN : 9780520312128

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Twenty-Six Centuries of Agrarian Reform by Elias H. Tuma Pdf

Have land reform movements ever managed to redistribute wealth, to encourage economic development, to improve standards of living, to ensure political stability? This book answers in the negative. Drawing upon land reform movements over twenty-six centuries of history, Tuma develops a hypothesis about land tenure reform that should enable other scholars to evaluate the success of past reform movements and to see the trends of present and future ones more clearly. In the first part of the study, a general definition of land tenure reform is advanced. Starting with the ordinary meaning of reform as "a redistribution of land to benefit the small farmer or landless agricultural worker," this definition is modified so as to take into account various forms of tenure of title to land, patterns of cultivation, terms of holding, and scale of operation. The middle section of the book presents a comparative study of different types of land reform movements. Eight major "case histories" are considered--the Greek reforms of Solon and Pisistratus in the sixth century B.C.; the Roman reforms of the Gracchi in the second century B.C.; the English tenure changes covering the commutations of the Middle Ages, and the enclosures of the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries; the reforms accompanying the French Revolution; the three Russian reforms: the emancipation of 1861, the Stolypin reforms of 1906 - 1911, and the Soviet reform beginning in 1917; the Mexican reform after the 1910 revolution; the Japanese reform after the Second World War; and the Egyptian reform starting in 1952. In sum, the book relates the land reform movements of past centuries to those now in progress in underdeveloped countries. It argues that the land reforms of the last two decades have dealt with symptoms rather than causes, have affected only a small percentage of either the population or the cultivable area, and warns that even if high concentrations of the land-holdings are broken down, reconcentration is likely to recur unless strong preventive measures are taken. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1965.

A Review of Some Agrarian Reforms

Author : Earl Jones
Publisher : Bib. Orton IICA / CATIE
Page : 46 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1961
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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A Review of Some Agrarian Reforms by Earl Jones Pdf

Land Reform and Politics

Author : Hung-chao Tai
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 588 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2023-11-10
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780520326996

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Land Reform and Politics by Hung-chao Tai Pdf

This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1974.

Market-Led Agrarian Reform

Author : Saturnino M. Borras Jr.,Cristóbal Kay,Edward Lahiff
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2013-09-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317990956

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Market-Led Agrarian Reform by Saturnino M. Borras Jr.,Cristóbal Kay,Edward Lahiff Pdf

Three-fourths of the world’s poor are rural poor. Most of the rural poor remain dependent on land-based livelihoods for their incomes and reproduction despite significant livelihood diversification in recent years. Land issue remains critical to any development discourse today. Market-led agrarian reform (MLAR) has gained prominence since the early 1990s as an alternative to state-led land reforms. This neoliberal policy is based on the inversion of what its proponents see as the features of earlier approaches, and calls for redistribution via privatized, decentralized transactions between ‘willing sellers’ and ‘willing buyers’. Its proponents, especially those associated with the World Bank, have claimed success where the policy has been implemented, but such claims have been contested by independent scholars as well as by peasant movements who are struggling to gain access to land. This book presents three thematic papers and six country studies. The thematic papers address issues of formalisation of property rights, gendered land rights, and neoliberal enclosure. These studies demonstrate the pervasive influence of neoliberal ideas on property rights and rural development debates, well beyond the ‘core’ question of land redistribution. The country cases bring together experiences from Brazil, Guatemala, El Salvador, Philippines, South Africa and Egypt. Common findings include the success of landowners in minimising the impact of reform, and a lack of post-transfer support, translating into marginal impact on poverty. The limitations of the market-led approach, and the implications of the studies presented here for the future of agrarian reform, are considered in the editors’ introduction. This book was a special issue of The Third World Quarterly.

Market-Led Agrarian Reform

Author : Saturnino Borras Jr.,Cristóbal Kay,Edward Lahiff
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2013-09-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317990963

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Market-Led Agrarian Reform by Saturnino Borras Jr.,Cristóbal Kay,Edward Lahiff Pdf

Three-fourths of the world’s poor are rural poor. Most of the rural poor remain dependent on land-based livelihoods for their incomes and reproduction despite significant livelihood diversification in recent years. Land issue remains critical to any development discourse today. Market-led agrarian reform (MLAR) has gained prominence since the early 1990s as an alternative to state-led land reforms. This neoliberal policy is based on the inversion of what its proponents see as the features of earlier approaches, and calls for redistribution via privatized, decentralized transactions between ‘willing sellers’ and ‘willing buyers’. Its proponents, especially those associated with the World Bank, have claimed success where the policy has been implemented, but such claims have been contested by independent scholars as well as by peasant movements who are struggling to gain access to land. This book presents three thematic papers and six country studies. The thematic papers address issues of formalisation of property rights, gendered land rights, and neoliberal enclosure. These studies demonstrate the pervasive influence of neoliberal ideas on property rights and rural development debates, well beyond the ‘core’ question of land redistribution. The country cases bring together experiences from Brazil, Guatemala, El Salvador, Philippines, South Africa and Egypt. Common findings include the success of landowners in minimising the impact of reform, and a lack of post-transfer support, translating into marginal impact on poverty. The limitations of the market-led approach, and the implications of the studies presented here for the future of agrarian reform, are considered in the editors’ introduction. This book was a special issue of The Third World Quarterly.

Power Over Property

Author : Matthew Noellert
Publisher : University of Michigan Press
Page : 359 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2020-10-13
Category : BUSINESS & ECONOMICS
ISBN : 9780472037988

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Power Over Property by Matthew Noellert Pdf

Provides an alternative to both capitalist and communist conceptions of modern historical development based on relations to property

The Politics of Land Reform in Africa

Author : Doctor Ambreena Manji
Publisher : Zed Books Ltd.
Page : 122 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2013-07-04
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781848137530

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The Politics of Land Reform in Africa by Doctor Ambreena Manji Pdf

Across Africa land is being commodified: private ownership is replacing communal and customary tenure; Farms are turned into collateral for rural credit markets. Law reform is at the heart of this revolution. The Politics of Land Reform in Africa casts a critical spotlight on this profound change in African land economy. The book illuminates the key role of legislators, legal consultants and academics in tenure reform. These players exert their influence by translating the economic and regulatory interests of the World Bank, civil society groups and commercial lenders in to questions of law. Drawing on political economy and actor-network theory The Politics of Land Reform in Africa is an indispensable contribution to the study of agrarian change in developing countries.

Land, Protest, and Politics

Author : Gabriel Ondetti
Publisher : Penn State Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2010-11-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780271047843

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Land, Protest, and Politics by Gabriel Ondetti Pdf

Brazil is a country of extreme inequalities, one of the most important of which is the acute concentration of rural land ownership. In recent decades, however, poor landless workers have mounted a major challenge to this state of affairs. A broad grassroots social movement led by the Movement of Landless Rural Workers (MST) has mobilized hundreds of thousands of families to pressure authorities for land reform through mass protest. This book explores the evolution of the landless movement from its birth during the twilight years of Brazil&’s military dictatorship through the first government of Luiz In&ácio Lula da Silva. It uses this case to test a number of major theoretical perspectives on social movements and engages in a critical dialogue with both contemporary political opportunity theory and Mancur Olson&’s classic economic theory of collective action. Ondetti seeks to explain the major moments of change in the landless movement's growth trajectory: its initial emergence in the late 1970s and early 80s, its rapid takeoff in the mid-1990s, its acute but ultimately temporary crisis in the early 2000s, and its resurgence during Lula's first term in office. He finds strong support for the influential, but much-criticized political opportunity perspective. At the same time, however, he underscores some of the problems with how political opportunity has been conceptualized in the past. The book also seeks to shed light on the anomalous fact that the landless movement continued to expand in the decade following the restoration of Brazilian democracy in 1985 despite the general trend toward social-movement decline. His argument, which highlights the unusual structure of incentives involved in the struggle for land in Brazil, casts doubt on a key assumption underlying Olson's theory.

Pro-poor Land Reform

Author : Saturnino M. Borras
Publisher : University of Ottawa Press
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2007-09-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780776617718

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Pro-poor Land Reform by Saturnino M. Borras Pdf

Using empirical case materials from the Philippines and referring to rich experiences from different countries historically, this book offers conceptual and practical conclusions that have far-reaching implications for land reform throughout the world. Examining land reform theory and practice, this book argues that conventional practices have excluded a significant portion of land-based production and distribution relationships, while they have inadvertently included land transfers that do not constitute real redistributive reform. By direct implication, this book is a critique of both mainstream market led agrarian reform and conventional state-led land reform. It offers an alternative perspective on how to move forward in theory and practice and opens new paths in land policy research.

Land Reform

Author : Russell King
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 324 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2019-03-13
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780429728310

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Land Reform by Russell King Pdf

This book lays down some general themes and principles in the study of land reform and traces the historical evolution of the concept of land reform. It constitutes a continent-based country-by-country survey of the significant recent reforms in the less developed countries.

A.I.D. Spring Review of Land Reform: Country papers

Author : United States. Agency for International Development
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 922 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1970
Category : Land reform
ISBN : IND:30000139491694

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A.I.D. Spring Review of Land Reform: Country papers by United States. Agency for International Development Pdf

Agrarian Reforms and Institutional Changes in India

Author : Tajamul Haque,Amar Singh Sirohi
Publisher : Concept Publishing Company
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Agricultural cooperative credit associations
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Agrarian Reforms and Institutional Changes in India by Tajamul Haque,Amar Singh Sirohi Pdf