Antimicrobial Drugs

Author : David Greenwood
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 460 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2008-02-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780199534845

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Antimicrobial Drugs by David Greenwood Pdf

Between 1935 and 1944 the field of microbiology, and by implication medicine as a whole, underwent dramatic advancement. The discovery of the extraordinary antibacterial properties of sulphonamides, penicillin, and streptomycin triggered a frantic hunt for more antimicrobial drugs that was to yield an abundant harvest in a very short space of time. By the early 1960s more than 50 antibacterial agents were available to the prescribing physician and, largely by a process of chemicalmodification of existing compounds, that number has more than tripled today. We have become so used to the ready availability of these relatively safe and highly effective 'miracle drugs' that it is now hard to grasp how they transformed the treatment of infection.This book documents the progress made from the first tentative search for an elusive 'chemotherapy' of infection in the early days of the twentieth century, to the development of effective antiviral agents for the management of HIV as the millennium drew to a close. It also offers a celebration of the individuals and groups that made this miracle happen, as well as examining the inexorable rise of the global pharmaceutical industry, and, most intriguingly, the essential input of luck.Infection still maintains a high profile in both medicine and the media, with the current threats of 'superbugs' such as MRSA acquired in hospital, and a potential resistance to antibiotics. This book tracks the history of antimicrobial drugs, a remarkable medical triumph that has provided doctors with an amazing armoury of safe and effective drugs that ensure that reversion to the helpless state of the fight against infection witnessed in the early 1900s is extremely unlikely. This timelycompendium acknowledges the agents that have surely led to the relief of more human and animal suffering than any other class of drugs in the history of medical endeavour.

Author : Eric Michael Scholar,William B. Pratt
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 632 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Anti
ISBN : 0195125282

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The Antimicrobial Drugs by Eric Michael Scholar,William B. Pratt Pdf

This is a thorough updating of a classic text that has been published in three editions since Pratt's Chemotherapy of Infection (OUP, 1973). Its treatment of the mechanisms of action, pharmacology and adverse effects of the drugs used to treat bacterial, fungal, parasitic and viral infectionshas been greatly expanded, and this edition includes two completely new chapters on the fluoroquinolones and the drugs used to treat AIDS. the frugs used to treat AIDS.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Division of Medical Sciences,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee to Study the Human Health Effects of Subtherapeutic Antibiotic Use in Animal Feeds
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 393 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 1980-02-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309030441

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The Effects on Human Health of Subtherapeutic Use of Antimicrobials in Animal Feeds by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Division of Medical Sciences,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee to Study the Human Health Effects of Subtherapeutic Antibiotic Use in Animal Feeds Pdf

Author : Douglas L. Mayers,Jack D. Sobel,Marc Ouellette,Keith S. Kaye,Dror Marchaim
Publisher : Springer
Page : 773 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2017-06-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319467184

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Antimicrobial Drug Resistance by Douglas L. Mayers,Jack D. Sobel,Marc Ouellette,Keith S. Kaye,Dror Marchaim Pdf

The two volumes included in Antimicrobial Drug Resistance, Second Edition is an updated, comprehensive and multidisciplinary reference covering the area of antimicrobial drug resistance in bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites from basic science, clinical, and epidemiological perspectives. This newly revised compendium reviews the most current research and development on drug resistance while still providing the information in the accessible format of the first edition. The first volume, Antimicrobial Drug Resistance: Mechanisms of Drug Resistance, is dedicated to the biological basis of drug resistance and effective avenues for drug development. With the emergence of more drug-resistant organisms, the approach to dealing with the drug resistance problem must include the research of different aspects of the mechanisms of bacterial resistance and the dissemination of resistance genes as well as research utilizing new genomic information. These approaches will permit the design of novel strategies to develop new antibiotics and preserve the effectiveness of those currently available. The second volume, Antimicrobial Drug Resistance: Clinical and Epidemiological Aspects, is devoted to the clinical aspects of drug resistance. Although there is evidence that restricted use of a specific antibiotic can be followed by a decrease in drug resistance to that agent, drug resistance control is not easily achieved. Thus, the infectious diseases physician requires input from the clinical microbiologist, antimicrobial stewardship personnel, and infection control specialist to make informed choices for the effective management of various strains of drug-resistant pathogens in individual patients. This 2-volume set is an important reference for students in microbiology, infectious diseases physicians, medical students, basic scientists, drug development researchers, microbiologists, epidemiologists, and public health practitioners.

Author : Steeve Giguère,John F. Prescott,Patricia Dowling
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 49 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2013-07-25
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781118675076

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Antimicrobial Therapy in Veterinary Medicine by Steeve Giguère,John F. Prescott,Patricia Dowling Pdf

The Fifth Edition of Antimicrobial Therapy in Veterinary Medicine, the most comprehensive reference available on veterinary antimicrobial drug use, has been thoroughly revised and updated to reflect the rapid advancements in the field of antimicrobial therapy. Encompassing all aspects of antimicrobial drug use in animals, the book provides detailed coverage of virtually all types of antimicrobials relevant to animal health. Now with a new chapter on antimicrobial therapy in zoo animals, Antimicrobial Therapy in Veterinary Medicine offers a wealth of invaluable information for appropriately prescribing antimicrobial therapies and shaping public policy. Divided into four sections covering general principles of antimicrobial therapy, classes of antimicrobial agents, special considerations, and antimicrobial drug use in multiple animal species, the text is enhanced by tables, diagrams, and photos. Antimicrobial Therapy in Veterinary Medicine is an essential resource for anyone concerned with the appropriate use of antimicrobial drugs, including veterinary practitioners, students, public health veterinarians, and industry and research scientists.

Author : Richard Schwalbe,Lynn Steele-Moore,Avery C. Goodwin
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2007-05-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1420014498

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Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Protocols by Richard Schwalbe,Lynn Steele-Moore,Avery C. Goodwin Pdf

The clinical microbiology laboratory is often a sentinel for the detection of drug resistant strains of microorganisms. Standardized protocols require continual scrutiny to detect emerging phenotypic resistance patterns. The timely notification of clinicians with susceptibility results can initiate the alteration of antimicrobial chemotherapy and improve patient care. It is vital that microbiology laboratories stay current with standard and emerging methods and have a solid understanding of their function in the war on infectious diseases. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Protocols clearly defines the role of the clinical microbiology laboratory in integrated patient care and provides a comprehensive, up-to-date procedural manual that can be used by a wide variety of laboratorians. The authors provide a comprehensive, up-to-date procedural manual including protocols for bioassay methods and molecular methods for bacterial strain typing. Divided into three sections, the text begins by introducing basic susceptibility disciplines including disk diffusion, macro and microbroth dilution, agar dilution, and the gradient method. It covers step-by-step protocols with an emphasis on optimizing the detection of resistant microorganisms. The second section describes specialized susceptibility protocols such as surveillance procedures for detection of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, serum bactericidal assays, time-kill curves, population analysis, and synergy testing. The final section is designed to be used as a reference resource. Chapters cover antibiotic development; design and use of an antibiogram; and the interactions of the clinical microbiology laboratory with the hospital pharmacy, and infectious disease and control. Unique in its scope, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Protocols gives laboratory personnel an integrated resource for updated lab-based techniques and charts within the contextual role of clinical microbiology in modern medicine.

Author : Anton Ficai,Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 722 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2017-05-29
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780323461511

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Nanostructures for Antimicrobial Therapy by Anton Ficai,Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu Pdf

Nanostructures for Antimicrobial Therapy discusses the pros and cons of the use of nanostructured materials in the prevention and eradication of infections, highlighting the efficient microbicidal effect of nanoparticles against antibiotic-resistant pathogens and biofilms. Conventional antibiotics are becoming ineffective towards microorganisms due to their widespread and often inappropriate use. As a result, the development of antibiotic resistance in microorganisms is increasingly being reported. New approaches are needed to confront the rising issues related to infectious diseases. The merging of biomaterials, such as chitosan, carrageenan, gelatin, poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) with nanotechnology provides a promising platform for antimicrobial therapy as it provides a controlled way to target cells and induce the desired response without the adverse effects common to many traditional treatments. Nanoparticles represent one of the most promising therapeutic treatments to the problem caused by infectious micro-organisms resistant to traditional therapies. This volume discusses this promise in detail, and also discusses what challenges the greater use of nanoparticles might pose to medical professionals. The unique physiochemical properties of nanoparticles, combined with their growth inhibitory capacity against microbes has led to the upsurge in the research on nanoparticles as antimicrobials. The importance of bactericidal nanobiomaterials study will likely increase as development of resistant strains of bacteria against most potent antibiotics continues. Shows how nanoantibiotics can be used to more effectively treat disease Discusses the advantages and issues of a variety of different nanoantibiotics, enabling medics to select which best meets their needs Provides a cogent summary of recent developments in this field, allowing readers to quickly familiarize themselves with this topic area

Author : Scott H. Podolsky
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 324 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2015-01-15
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781421415932

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The Antibiotic Era by Scott H. Podolsky Pdf

During the post-World War II "wonder drug" revolution, antibiotics were viewed as a panacea for mastering infectious disease. This book narrates the far-reaching history of antibiotics, focusing particularly on reform efforts that attempted to fundamentally change how antibiotics are developed and prescribed

Author : T. J. Franklin,G. A. Snow
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 173 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2013-11-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781475745993

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Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Antimicrobial Drug Action by T. J. Franklin,G. A. Snow Pdf

The subject is one of major interest in basic microbiology and infectious diseases and the book is a known classic.

Author : Trevor J. Franklin,George Alan Snow
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 188 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2006-10-31
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780387275666

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Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Antimicrobial Drug Action by Trevor J. Franklin,George Alan Snow Pdf

The subject is one of major interest in basic microbiology and infectious diseases and the book is a known classic.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on New Directions in the Study of Antimicrobial Therapeutics: Immunomodulation,Committee on New Directions in the Study of Antimicrobial Therapeutics: New Classes of Antimicrobials
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 102 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2006-01-03
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309180689

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Treating Infectious Diseases in a Microbial World by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on New Directions in the Study of Antimicrobial Therapeutics: Immunomodulation,Committee on New Directions in the Study of Antimicrobial Therapeutics: New Classes of Antimicrobials Pdf

Humans coexist with millions of harmless microorganisms, but emerging diseases, resistance to antibiotics, and the threat of bioterrorism are forcing scientists to look for new ways to confront the microbes that do pose a danger. This report identifies innovative approaches to the development of antimicrobial drugs and vaccines based on a greater understanding of how the human immune system interacts with both good and bad microbes. The report concludes that the development of a single superdrug to fight all infectious agents is unrealistic.

Author : Luca Guardabassi,Lars Bogø Jensen,Hilde Kruse
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2009-01-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781444302646

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Guide to Antimicrobial Use in Animals by Luca Guardabassi,Lars Bogø Jensen,Hilde Kruse Pdf

The first book to offer practical guidelines on the prudent andrational use of antimicrobials in animals. Drawing onmultidisciplinary expertise to offer independent scientific adviceon a controversial area that is crucial to both human health andanimal welfare. The earlier general chapters cover issues such ashuman health risks and the problems of resistance to antimicrobialdrugs. The later specific chapters are dedicated to particulargroups of animals. Has an emphasis on preserving the efficacy of antimicrobialdrugs that are clinically important in human medicine Covers both companion animals and food animals, includingaquaculture Suitable for veterinary practitioners working in small andlarge animal medicine, aquaculture and animal production, as wellas veterinary students, academics and researchers. It will also beof interest to those more generally involved in veterinary publichealth and antimicrobial resistance.

Author : José-Luis Capelo-Martínez,Gilberto Igrejas
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 730 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2019-09-24
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781119282525

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Antibiotic Drug Resistance by José-Luis Capelo-Martínez,Gilberto Igrejas Pdf

This book presents a thorough and authoritative overview of the multifaceted field of antibiotic science – offering guidance to translate research into tools for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of infectious diseases. Provides readers with knowledge about the broad field of drug resistance Offers guidance to translate research into tools for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of infectious diseases Links strategies to analyze microbes to the development of new drugs, socioeconomic impacts to therapeutic strategies, and public policies to antibiotic-resistance-prevention strategies

Author : Alexander A. Vinks,Hartmut Derendorf,Johan W. Mouton
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 466 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2013-11-23
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780387756134

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Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics by Alexander A. Vinks,Hartmut Derendorf,Johan W. Mouton Pdf

Over the past decade, significant progress has been made in the theory and applications of pharmacodynamics of antimicrobial agents. On the basis of pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling concepts it has become possible to describe and predict the time course of antimicrobial effects under normal and pathophysiological conditions. The study of pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationships can be of considerable value in understanding drug action, defining optimal dosing regimens, and in making predictions under new or changing pre-clinical and clinical circumstances. Not surprisingly, pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling concepts are increasingly applied in both basic and clinical research as well as in drug development. The book will be designed as a reference on the application of pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic principles for the optimization of antimicrobial therapy, namely pharmacotherapy, and infectious diseases. The reader will be introduced to various aspects of the fundamentals of antimicrobial pharmacodynamics, the integration of pharmacokinetics with pharmacodynamics for all major classes of antibiotics, and the translation of in vitro and animal model data to basic research and clinical situations in humans.

Author : Trevor John Franklin,G. A. Snow
Publisher : Springer
Page : 235 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2013-11-11
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781489934123

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Biochemistry of Antimicrobial Action by Trevor John Franklin,G. A. Snow Pdf

The rapid advances made in the study of the synthesis, structure and function of biological macromolecules in the last fifteen years have enabled scientists concerned with antimicrobial agents to achieve a considerable measure of understanding of how these substances inhibit cell growth and division. The use of antimicrobial agents as highly specific inhibitors has in turn substantially assisted the investigation of complex biochemical processes. The literature in this field is so extensive however, that we considered an attempt should be made to draw together in an introductory book the more significant studies of recent years. This book, which is in fact based on lecture courses given by us to undergraduates at Liverpool and Manchester Universities, is therefore intended as an introduction to the biochemistry of antimicrobial action for advanced students in many disciplines. We hope that it may also be useful to established scientists who are new to this area of research. The book is concerned with a discussion of medically important antimicrobial compounds and also a number of agents that, although having no medical uses, have proved invaluable as research tools in biochemistry. Our aim has been to present the available information in a simple and readable way, emphasizing the established facts rather than more controversial material. Whenever possible, however, we have indicated the gaps in the present knowledge of the subject where further information is required.