Astronomy And Astrology In The Medieval Islamic World

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Astronomy and Astrology in the Medieval Islamic World

Edward S. Kennedy,Edward Stewart Kennedy
Astronomy and Astrology in the Medieval Islamic World Book PDF

Author : Edward S. Kennedy,Edward Stewart Kennedy
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015040158647

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Astronomy and Astrology in the Medieval Islamic World by Edward S. Kennedy,Edward Stewart Kennedy Pdf

This collection of studies by Edward Kennedy looks first at questions of spherical astronomy, celestial mapping and planetary models, and then deals with astrological calculations. Throughout the author emphasises the importance of advances in mathematics for understanding the development of medieval Arabic sciences. This collection of studies based on previously unexploited manuscript sources in Arabic and Persian. They were written by authors from the 9th through the 15th centuries, whose locations reached from south China in the east through Central Asia, the Middle and Near East, and North Africa, to Spain in the west. The topics are predominately astronomical rather than astrological. The former include eclipse predictions, problems in spherical astronomy, non-ptolemaic planetary theory, and the achievements of Ulugh Beg and his observatory. Astrological subjects treated are the method of calculating the ascendant, and how to determine astrological houses and lots. An astrological history of the career of Genghis Khan is also described.

Astronomy and Astrology in the Islamic World

Stephen P. Blake
Astronomy and Astrology in the Islamic World Book PDF

Author : Stephen P. Blake
Publisher : Edinburgh University Press
Page : 184 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2016-04-08
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780748649112

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Astronomy and Astrology in the Islamic World by Stephen P. Blake Pdf

It was the astronomers and mathematicians of the Islamic world who provided the theories and concepts that paved the way from the geocentric theories of Claudius Ptolemy in the second century AD to the heliocentric breakthroughs of Nicholas Copernicus and Johannes Kepler in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Algebra, the Arabic numeral system, and trigonometry: all these and more originated in the Muslim East and undergirded an increasingly accurate and sophisticated understanding of the movements of the Sun, Moon, and planets. This nontechnical overview of the Islamic advances in the heavenly sciences allows the general reader to appreciate (for the first time) the absolutely crucial role that Muslim scientists played in the overall development of astronomy and astrology in the Eurasian world.

Astronomy and Astrology in al-Andalus and the Maghrib

Julio Samsó
Astronomy and Astrology in al Andalus and the Maghrib Book PDF

Author : Julio Samsó
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 377 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2023-05-31
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000951554

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Astronomy and Astrology in al-Andalus and the Maghrib by Julio Samsó Pdf

This new volume of papers by Julio Samsó deals with the development of astronomy and astrology in al-Andalus and the Maghrib between the 10th and the 19th centuries. Opening with a survey of the social history of the exact sciences in al-Andalus, the book then looks at astronomical tables: the first stages of the introduction of al-Khwarizmi's and al-Battani's tables through the school of Maslama al-Majriti, the development of Ibn al-Zarqalluh/ Azarquiel's theories in Maghribi zijes (Ibn al-Banna' and Ibn Azzuz) and the abandonment of this tradition towards the end of the 14th century. From this period onwards new Eastern zijes (Muhyi al-Din al-Maghribi, Ibn al-Shatir, Ulugh Beg) are introduced in the Maghrib and, towards the beginning of the 17th century, a translation of Abraham Zacut and José Vizinho's Almanach Perpetuum (end of the 15th century) becomes well known in the whole Islamic world, from Morocco to the Yemen. As well as zijes themselves, the author also deals with theoretical astronomy (the use of an elliptical deferent for Mercury in Ibn al-Zarqalluh's equatorium and the criticisms of Ibn al-Haytham and Jabir b. Aflah on Ptolemy's determination of the parameters of the same planet), and with the use of zijes for the calculation of horoscopes, and an experimental astrological method for the correction of mean motion planetary tables (Ibn Azzuz).

A History of Arabic Astronomy

George Saliba
A History of Arabic Astronomy Book PDF

Author : George Saliba
Publisher : NYU Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 1995-07-01
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780814738894

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A History of Arabic Astronomy by George Saliba Pdf

A History of Arabic Astronomy is a comprehensive survey of Arabic planetary theories from the eleventh century to the fifteenth century based on recent manuscript discoveries. George Saliba argues that the medieval period, often called a period of decline in Islamic intellectual history, was scientifically speaking, a very productive period in which astronomical theories of the highest order were produced. Based on the most recent manuscript discoveries, this book broadly surveys developments in Arabic planetary theories from the eleventh century to the fifteenth. Taken together, the primary texts and essays assembled in this book reverse traditional beliefs about the rise and fall of Arabic science, demonstrating how the traditional “age of decline” in Arabic science was indeed a “Golden Age” as far as astronomy was concerned. Some of the techniques and mathematical theorems developed during this period were identical to those which were employed by Copernicus in developing his own non-Ptolemaic astronomy. Significantly, this volume will shed much-needed light on the conditions under which such theories were developed in medieval Islam. It clearly demonstrates the distinction that was drawn between astronomical activities and astrological ones, and reveals, contrary to common perceptions about medieval Islam, the accommodation that was obviously reached between religion and astronomy, and the degree to which astronomical planetary theories were supported, and at times even financed, by the religious community itself. This in stark contrast to the systematic attacks leveled by the same religious community against astrology. To students of European intellectual history, the book reveals the technical relationship between the astronomy of the Arabs and that of Copernicus. Saliba’s definitive work will be of particular interest to historians of Arabic science as well as to historians of medieval and Renaissance European science.

Islamic Astronomy and Geography

David A. King
Islamic Astronomy and Geography Book PDF

Author : David A. King
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 421 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2022-02-13
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000585018

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Islamic Astronomy and Geography by David A. King Pdf

This volume of 12 studies, mainly published during the past 15 years, begins with an overview of the Islamic astronomy covering not only sophisticated mathematical astronomy and instrumentation but also simple folk astronomy, and the ways in which astronomy was used in the service of religion. It continues with discussions of the importance of Islamic instruments and scientific manuscript illustrations. Three studies deal with the regional schools that developed in Islamic astronomy, in this case, Egypt and the Maghrib. Another focuses on a curious astrological table for calculating the length of life of any individual. The notion of the world centred on the sacred Kaaba in Mecca inspired both astronomers and proponents of folk astronomy to propose methods for finding the qibla, or sacred direction towards the Kaaba; their activities are surveyed here. The interaction between the mathematical and folk traditions in astronomy is then illustrated by an 11th-century text on the qibla in Transoxania. The last three studies deal with an account of the geodetic measurements sponsored by the Caliph al-Ma'mûn in the 9th century; a world-map in the tradition of the 11th-century polymath al-Bîrûnî, alas corrupted by careless copying; and a table of geographical coordinates from 15th-century Egypt.

An Eleventh-Century Egyptian Guide to the Universe

Anonim
An Eleventh Century Egyptian Guide to the Universe Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 800 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2013-10-28
Category : History
ISBN : 9789004256996

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An Eleventh-Century Egyptian Guide to the Universe by Anonim Pdf

Acquired by the Bodleian Library in 2002, the Book of Curiosities is now recognized as one of the most important discoveries in the history of cartography in recent decades. This eleventh-century Arabic treatise, composed in Egypt under the Fatimid caliphs, is a detailed account of the heavens and the Earth, illustrated by an unparalleled series of maps and astronomical diagrams. With topics ranging from comets to the island of Sicily, from lunar mansions to the sources of the Nile, it represents the extent of geographical, astronomical and astrological knowledge of the time. This authoritative edition and translation, accompanied by a colour facsimile reproduction, opens a unique window onto the worldview of medieval Islam. An extensive glossary of star-names and seven indices, on birds, animals and other items have been added for easy reference.

A Brief Introduction to Astronomy in the Middle East

John M. Steele
A Brief Introduction to Astronomy in the Middle East Book PDF

Author : John M. Steele
Publisher : Saqi
Page : 115 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2012-03-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780863568961

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A Brief Introduction to Astronomy in the Middle East by John M. Steele Pdf

The Middle East is the birthplace of astronomy and the centre for its development during the medieval period. In this brief introduction John Steele offers an intriguing insight into Middle Eastern achievements in astronomy and their profound influence on the rest of the world. Amongst other things, the book traces the Late Babylonians' ingenious schemes for modelling planetary motion. It also reveals how medieval Islamic advances in the study of the heavens, and the design of precise astronomical instruments, led to breakthroughs by Renaissance practitioners such as Copernicus and Kepler. An invaluable introduction to one of the oldest sciences in the world.

Religion, Learning and Science in the 'Abbasid Period

M. J. L. Young,J. D. Latham,R. B. Serjeant
Religion Learning and Science in the Abbasid Period Book PDF

Author : M. J. L. Young,J. D. Latham,R. B. Serjeant
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 616 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2006-11-02
Category : History
ISBN : 0521028876

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Religion, Learning and Science in the 'Abbasid Period by M. J. L. Young,J. D. Latham,R. B. Serjeant Pdf

Writings in learned subjects from the period eighth to thirteenth centuries, AD.

Art of the Islamic World

Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, N.Y.)
Art of the Islamic World Book PDF

Author : Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, N.Y.)
Publisher : Metropolitan Museum of Art
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Art
ISBN : 9781588394828

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Art of the Islamic World by Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, N.Y.) Pdf

Family guide, Dazzling details in folded front cover.

Astrolabes in Medieval Cultures

Anonim
Astrolabes in Medieval Cultures Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 516 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2019-01-28
Category : History
ISBN : 9789004387867

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Astrolabes in Medieval Cultures by Anonim Pdf

First published as a special issue of the journal Medieval Encounters (vol. 23, 2017), this volume, edited by Josefina Rodríguez-Arribas, Charles Burnett, Silke Ackermann, and Ryan Szpiech, brings together fifteen studies on various aspects of the astrolabe in medieval cultures. The astrolabe, developed in antiquity and elaborated throughout the Middle Ages, was used for calculation, teaching, and observation, and also served astrological and medical purposes. It was the most popular and prestigious of the mathematical instruments, and was found equally among practitioners of various sciences and arts as among princes in royal courts. By considering sources and instruments from Muslim, Christian, and Jewish contexts, this volume provides state-of-the-art research on the history and use of the astrolabe throughout the Middle Ages. Contributors are Silke Ackermann, Emilia Calvo, John Davis, Laura Fernández Fernández, Miquel Forcada, Azucena Hernández, David A. King, Taro Mimura, Günther Oestmann, Josefina Rodríguez-Arribas, Sreeramula Rajeswara Sarma, Petra G. Schmidl, Giorgio Strano, Flora Vafea, and Johannes Thomann.

Islamic Astronomy and Geography

David A. King
Islamic Astronomy and Geography Book PDF

Author : David A. King
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 357 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2022-02-13
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000585155

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Islamic Astronomy and Geography by David A. King Pdf

This volume of 12 studies, mainly published during the past 15 years, begins with an overview of the Islamic astronomy covering not only sophisticated mathematical astronomy and instrumentation but also simple folk astronomy, and the ways in which astronomy was used in the service of religion. It continues with discussions of the importance of Islamic instruments and scientific manuscript illustrations. Three studies deal with the regional schools that developed in Islamic astronomy, in this case, Egypt and the Maghrib. Another focuses on a curious astrological table for calculating the length of life of any individual. The notion of the world centred on the sacred Kaaba in Mecca inspired both astronomers and proponents of folk astronomy to propose methods for finding the qibla, or sacred direction towards the Kaaba; their activities are surveyed here. The interaction between the mathematical and folk traditions in astronomy is then illustrated by an 11th-century text on the qibla in Transoxania. The last three studies deal with an account of the geodetic measurements sponsored by the Caliph al-Ma'mûn in the 9th century; a world-map in the tradition of the 11th-century polymath al-Bîrûnî, alas corrupted by careless copying; and a table of geographical coordinates from 15th-century Egypt.

Encyclopedia of the History of Arabic Science

Roshdi Rashed
Encyclopedia of the History of Arabic Science Book PDF

Author : Roshdi Rashed
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 1242 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2002-09-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9781134977239

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Encyclopedia of the History of Arabic Science by Roshdi Rashed Pdf

The Arabic contribution is fundamental to the history of science, mathematics and technology, but until now no single publication has offered an up-to-date synthesis of knowledge in this area. In three fully-illustrated volumes the Encyclopedia of the History of Arabic Science documents the history and philosophy of Arabic science from the earliest times to the present day. The set as a whole covers seven centuries. Thirty chapters, written by an international team of specialists from Europe, America, the Middle East and Russia cover such areas as astronomy, mathematics, music, engineering, nautical science and scientific institutions.

Ptolemy's Science of the Stars in the Middle Ages

Charles Burnett,Dag Nikolaus Hasse,David Juste,Benno van Dalen
Ptolemy s Science of the Stars in the Middle Ages Book PDF

Author : Charles Burnett,Dag Nikolaus Hasse,David Juste,Benno van Dalen
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 510 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2020-09-30
Category : Electronic books
ISBN : 2503586392

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Ptolemy's Science of the Stars in the Middle Ages by Charles Burnett,Dag Nikolaus Hasse,David Juste,Benno van Dalen Pdf

Claudius Ptolemy (c. 100-170 AD) is one of the most influential scholars of all time. While he is also the author of treatises on geography, optics and harmonics, his fame primarily stems from two works on the science of the stars, dealing with mathematical astronomy (the Almagest) and astrology (the Tetrabiblos). The Almagest and the Tetrabiblos remained the fundamental texts on the science of the stars for some 1500 years. Both were translated several times into Arabic and Latin and were heavily commented upon, glossed, discussed, and also criticised and improved upon, in the Islamic world and in Christian Europe. Yet, the reception of Ptolemy in medieval cultures is still to a large extent a terra incognita of the history of science. The Arabic and Latin versions of the Almagest and the Tetrabiblos are for the most part unavailable in modern editions, their manuscripts remain largely unexplored and, generally speaking, their history has never been systematically investigated. This volume gathers together fifteen contributions dealing with various aspects of the reception of Ptolemy's astronomy and astrology in the Islamic world and in Christian Europe up to the seventeenth century. Contributions are by Jose Bellver, Jean-Patrice Boudet, Josep Casulleras, Bojidar Dimitrov, Dirk Grupe, Paul Hullmeine, Alexander Jones, Richard L. Kremer, Y. Tzvi Langermann, H. Darrel Rutkin, Michael H. Shank, Nathan Sidoli, Carlos Steel, Johannes Thomann and Henry Zepeda.

Science in Medieval Islam

Howard R. Turner
Science in Medieval Islam Book PDF

Author : Howard R. Turner
Publisher : University of Texas Press
Page : 294 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2010-07-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 0292785410

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Science in Medieval Islam by Howard R. Turner Pdf

A “well-organized and interesting” overview of science in the Muslim world in the seventh through seventeenth centuries, with over 100 illustrations (The Middle East Journal). During the Golden Age of Islam, in the seventh through seventeenth centuries A. D., Muslim philosophers and poets, artists and scientists, princes and laborers created a unique culture that has influenced societies on every continent. This book offers a fully illustrated, highly accessible introduction to an important aspect of that culture: the scientific achievements of medieval Islam. Howard Turner, who curated the subject for a major traveling exhibition, opens with a historical overview of the spread of Islamic civilization from the Arabian peninsula eastward to India and westward across northern Africa into Spain. He describes how a passion for knowledge led the Muslims during their centuries of empire-building to assimilate and expand the scientific knowledge of older cultures, including those of Greece, India, and China. He explores medieval Islamic accomplishments in cosmology, mathematics, astronomy, astrology, geography, medicine, natural sciences, alchemy, and optics. He also indicates the ways in which Muslim scientific achievement influenced the advance of science in the Western world from the Renaissance to the modern era. This survey of historic Muslim scientific achievements offers students and other readers a window into one of the world’s great cultures, one which is experiencing a remarkable resurgence as a religious, political, and social force in our own time.

On Both Sides of the Strait of Gibraltar

Julio Samsó
On Both Sides of the Strait of Gibraltar Book PDF

Author : Julio Samsó
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 1027 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2020-09-25
Category : Reference
ISBN : 9789004436589

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On Both Sides of the Strait of Gibraltar by Julio Samsó Pdf

In On Both Sides of the Strait of Gibraltar Julio Samsó shows that astronomical sources, written in al-Andalus, the Maghrib and the Iberian Peninsula, belong to the same tradition and emphasizes the role of al-Andalus and the Iberian Peninsula in the transmission of Islamic astronomy to medieval Europe.