Cortical Plasticity

Author : Leon N. Cooper
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Science
ISBN : 9812387919

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Theory of Cortical Plasticity by Leon N. Cooper Pdf

This invaluable book presents a theory of cortical plasticity and shows how this theory leads to experiments that test both its assumptions and consequences. It elucidates, in a manner that is accessible to students as well as researchers, the role which the BCM theory has played in guiding research and suggesting experiments that have led to our present understanding of the mechanisms underlying cortical plasticity. Most of the connections between theory and experiment that are discussed require complex simulations. A unique feature of the book is the accompanying software package, Plasticity. This is provided complete with source code, and enables the reader to repeat any of the simulations quoted in the book as well as to vary either parameters or assumptions. Plasticity is thus a research and an educational tool. Readers can use it to obtain hands-on knowledge of the structure of BCM and various other learning algorithms. They can check and replicate our results as well as test algorithms andrefinements of their own.

Author : Sam Fazeli,Graham L. Collingridge
Publisher : Garland Science
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2020-08-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000140989

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Cortical Plasticity by Sam Fazeli,Graham L. Collingridge Pdf

This book provides an insight into the rapidly growing field of cortical plasticity. It brings together diverse experimental approaches to the study of activity-dependent changes in neuronal connections, as exemplified by long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD).

Author : B. Julesz,I. Kovacs
Publisher : Westview Press
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 1995-09-13
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015037848838

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Maturational Windows And Adult Cortical Plasticity by B. Julesz,I. Kovacs Pdf

Author : Jordan Grafman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 191 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783642598975

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Neuronal Plasticity: Building a Bridge from the Laboratory to the Clinic by Jordan Grafman Pdf

Over the last twenty years there has been an explosive growth in our understanding of the molecular, cellular, and anatomical changes that occur in the days and weeks following brain injury. It is now clear that training and exposure to certain environments can modify and shape neuronal plasticity in lower animals and humans. In humans, in particular, there are new ways of charting neuronal plasticity at the ensemble or regional level using functional neuroimaging techniques such as positron emission tomography and functional magnetic resonance imaging. Thus, the time seems right for transporting the laboratory results to the clinic so that experimental findings can be tested in the "field". This volume provides some impetus to moving the field of cognitive neuroscience a little further in its efforts to improve the lives of patients who have suffered a debilitating brain injury.

Author : Stephen Lomber,Stephen G. Lomber,Jos Eggermont
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 461 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2006-10-12
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780198528999

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Reprogramming the Cerebral Cortex by Stephen Lomber,Stephen G. Lomber,Jos Eggermont Pdf

The brain has a remarkable ability to adapt in the event of damage - in many cases shifting responsibility for specific cognitive functions to other non-damaged brain regions. This 'plasticity' can be crucial in aiding recovery from stroke, trauma, and peripheral damage such as eye or ear damage. Over the past thirty years our view of cortical plasticity has evolved greatly. Early studies suggested that changes to cortical function due to peripheral lesions could only occur duringdevelopment and that these plastic changes were specific to a particular temporal window or "critical period". Over time, it has been demonstrated that cortical modifications as a consequence of either peripheral or central lesions can induce adaptive, or beneficial, changes in cortical function in aneffort to preserve or enhance function. More recently, studies have identified that many of these adaptive changes, once thought only possible in the developing brain, are also possible in the mature or developed brain. At present, many laboratories are defining the beneficial capabilities of cerebral cortex plasticity, upon which many proactive and therapeutic strategies may be developed in order to maximiSe the "reprogramming" capabilities of the cerebrum.'Reprogramming the Cerebral Cortex' describes these exciting studies and examines adaptive cortical plasticity in a variety of systems (visual, auditory, somatomotor, cross-modal, language and cognition). The book leads the reader through the complexities and promise of neuroplasticity, and presents insights into current and future research and clinical practice. It is unique in looking at the beneficial capabilities of cerebral cortex plasticity, upon which many proactive and therapeuticstrategies may be developed.The book will be a valuable resource for behavioural, systems, computational and cognitive neuroscientists, as well as clinicians and neuropsychologists.

Author : Leo M. Chalupa,Nicoletta Berardi,Matteo Caleo,Lucia Galli-Resta,Tommaso Pizzorusso
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 439 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2011-05-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780262294607

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Cerebral Plasticity by Leo M. Chalupa,Nicoletta Berardi,Matteo Caleo,Lucia Galli-Resta,Tommaso Pizzorusso Pdf

A survey of the latest research, covering such topics as plasticity in the adult brain and the underlying mechanisms of plasticity. The notion that neurons in the living brain can change in response to experience—a phenomenon known as "plasticity"—has become a major conceptual issue in neuroscience research as well as a practical focus for the fields of neural rehabilitation and neurodegenerative disease. Early work dealt with the plasticity of the developing brain and demonstrated the critical role played by sensory experience in normal development. Two broader themes have emerged in recent studies: the plasticity of the adult brain (one of the most rapidly developing areas of current research) and the search for the underlying mechanisms of plasticity—explanations for the cellular, molecular, and epigenetic factors controlling plasticity. Many scientists believe that achieving a fundamental understanding of what underlies neuronal plasticity could help us treat neurological disorders and even improve the learning capabilities of the human brain. This volume offers contributions from leaders in the field that cover all three approaches to the study of cerebral plasticity. Chapters treat normal development and the influences of environmental manipulations; cerebral plasticity in adulthood; and underlying mechanisms of plasticity. Other chapters deal with plastic changes in neurological conditions and with the enhancement of plasticity as a strategy for brain repair.

Author : Bryan Kolb
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2013-06-17
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781134784219

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Brain Plasticity and Behavior by Bryan Kolb Pdf

There are few books devoted to the topic of brain plasticity and behavior. Most previous works that cover topics related to brain plasticity do not include extensive discussions of behavior. The first to try to address the relationship between recovery from brain damage and changes in the brain that might support the recovery, this volume includes studies of humans as well as laboratory species, particularly rats. The subject matter identifies a consistent correlation between specific changes in the brain and behavioral recovery, as well as various factors such as sex and experience that influence this correlation in consistent ways. Evolving from a series of lectures given as the McEachran Lectures at the University of Alberta, this volume originally began as a summary of the lectures, but has expanded to include more background literature, allowing the reader to see the author's biases, assumptions, and hunches in a broader perspective. In writing this volume, the author had two goals in mind: * to initiate senior undergraduates or graduate psychology, biology, neuroscience or other interested students to the issues and questions regarding the nature of brain plasticity, and * to provide a monograph in the form of an extended summary of the work the author and his colleagues have done on brain plasticity and recovery of function.

Author : Daniel Laskowitz,Gerald Grant
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 412 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2015-12-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781498766579

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Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury by Daniel Laskowitz,Gerald Grant Pdf

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant source of death and permanent disability, contributing to nearly one-third of all injury related deaths in the United States and exacting a profound personal and economic toll. Despite the increased resources that have recently been brought to bear to improve our understanding of TBI, the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches has been disappointingly slow. Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury attempts to integrate expertise from across specialties to address knowledge gaps in the field of TBI. Its chapters cover a wide scope of TBI research in five broad areas: Epidemiology Pathophysiology Diagnosis Current treatment strategies and sequelae Future therapies Specific topics discussed include the societal impact of TBI in both the civilian and military populations, neurobiology and molecular mechanisms of axonal and neuronal injury, biomarkers of traumatic brain injury and their relationship to pathology, neuroplasticity after TBI, neuroprotective and neurorestorative therapy, advanced neuroimaging of mild TBI, neurocognitive and psychiatric symptoms following mild TBI, sports-related TBI, epilepsy and PTSD following TBI, and more. The book integrates the perspectives of experts across disciplines to assist in the translation of new ideas to clinical practice and ultimately to improve the care of the brain injured patient.

Author : Satoru Otani
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 323 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2007-05-08
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781402079498

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Prefrontal Cortex by Satoru Otani Pdf

This volume, Prefrontal Cortex: from Synaptic Plasticity to Cognition, is an interdisciplinary approach to characterize the function of the anterior portion of the frontal lobe in rodents and human and non-human primates. The specific topics discussed in the chapters of this volume are purposefully diverse: they range from membrane properties of prefrontal neurons to cognitive psychology. Nevertheless, this volume must not be regarded as a mere collection of writings with the different sub-themes. As you will see, chapters often vigorously encompass domains of the prefrontal field in effort to provide a big picture. That is actually what we attempted to do in this volume. On one hand, we have accumulated knowledge on the properties of neurons and synapses in the prefrontal cortex as well as the actions of critical neuromodulators such as dopamine. On the other hand, behavioral and cognitive neurosciences have begun to reveal the fascinating role of the prefrontal cortex in such mental processes as working memory, attention switching and rule following, and long-term memory. Needless to say, our ultimate goal as neurobiologists is to know what relationship there is between these cellular and cognitive processes. This volume is meant to serve as a comprehensive introduction towards that goal. Readers will be informed, for example, of how plasticity of prefrontal neurons is regulated, how it is involved in certain cognitive processes in rodents, and how the rodent models can apply to the primates.

Author : Peter R. Huttenlocher
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 285 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2009-07-01
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780674038936

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Neural Plasticity by Peter R. Huttenlocher Pdf

Neural plasticity--the brain's ability to change in response to normal developmental processes, experience, and injury--is a critically important phenomenon for both neuroscience and psychology. Increasing evidence about the extent of plasticity--long past the supposedly critical first three years--has recently emerged. Neural Plasticity offers the first succinct and lucid integration of this research and its implications. Pointing out the negative and the positive consequences of plasticity, Peter Huttenlocher describes plasticity in children and adults (in normal aging and in response to trauma), in sensory systems, the motor cortex, higher cortical functions, and language development, proceeding system by system, and paying particular attention to the cerebral cortex. One of the book's strengths is its range of references, not only to studies on human subjects but to the experimental study of animal models as well. This book will be a unique contribution to research and to the literature on clinical neuroscience.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 493 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2013-12-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780444633347

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Changing Brains by Anonim Pdf

This volume of Progress in Brain Research focuses on the applying brain plasticity to advance and recover human ability. The volume starts off discussing brain plasticity in the young, adults and old brains with follow on discussions regarding the type of neuroscience-based training that is on offer in impaired child populations as well as discussing the therapeutics involved in adults. Applying brain Plasticity and advances and recover human ability

Author : Josef P. Rauschecker,Peter Marler
Publisher : Wiley-Interscience
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Medical
ISBN : UOM:39015012611862

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Imprinting and Cortical Plasticity by Josef P. Rauschecker,Peter Marler Pdf

Author : Simon Boniface,Ulf Ziemann
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2009-06-25
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781139437776

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Plasticity in the Human Nervous System by Simon Boniface,Ulf Ziemann Pdf

It is now well known that the functional organisation of the cerebral cortex is plastic and that changes in organisation occur throughout life in response to normal and abnormal experience. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive and painless technique that has opened up completely new and fascinating avenues to study neural plasticity. First, TMS can be used to detect changes in excitability or connectivity of the stimulated cortex which may have occurred through processes such as learning or recovery from a lesion. Second, repeated TMS by itself can induce changes in excitability and connectivity of the stimulated cortex which may be used therapeutically in neurological and psychiatric disease. Third, TMS can induce short-lasting 'virtual lesions', which may directly test the functional relevance of brain plasticity. Current knowledge of all these exciting possibilities is brought together in this book, written by the world's leading experts in the field. The book is an essential compendium on plasticity of the human brain for clinical neurophysiologists, neurologists, psychiatrists and neuroscientists.

Author : James L. McGaugh,Federico Berm£dez-Rattoni,Roberto A. Prado-Alcal,Roberto A. Prado-Alcala
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2019-01-22
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781317729013

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Plasticity in the Central Nervous System by James L. McGaugh,Federico Berm£dez-Rattoni,Roberto A. Prado-Alcal,Roberto A. Prado-Alcala Pdf

Catalyzed by the development of new neurobiological and behavioral techniques as well as new conceptual and theoretical approaches to the study of the relationship between brain and behavior, research exploring brain functions enabling learning and memory has greatly accelerated in recent years. The chapters in this book reflect current theoretical approaches to the study of brain and memory and provide new insights concerning the cellular bases of memory and the differential involvement of brain systems in different forms of memory. By presenting up-to-date summaries of research investigating brain mechanisms underlying learning and memory, these chapters help to place current findings in appropriate theoretical context, and further stimulate research inquiry attempting to understand how the brain makes memory. Divided into three sections, coverage in this volume includes: * a discussion of pharmacological approaches to the study of brain and memory; * a review of experiments using a variety of techniques, including brain lesions, brain grafting, and electrophysiological recording to investigate the role of different brain regions in learning and memory; and * an examination of molecular analyses of events associated with memory formation.

Author : Ron D. Frostig
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 428 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2009-05-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781420076851

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In Vivo Optical Imaging of Brain Function, Second Edition by Ron D. Frostig Pdf

These are exciting times for the field of optical imaging of brain function. Rapid developments in theory and technology continue to considerably advance understanding of brain function. Reflecting changes in the field during the past five years, the second edition of In Vivo Optical Imaging of Brain Function describes state-of-the-art techniques and their applications for the growing field of functional imaging in the live brain using optical imaging techniques. New in the Second Edition: Voltage-sensitive dyes imaging in awake behaving animals Imaging based on genetically encoded probes Imaging of mitochondrial auto-fluorescence as a tool for cortical mapping Using pH-sensitive dyes for functional mapping Modulated imaging Calcium imaging of neuronal activity using 2-photon microscopy Fourier approach to optical imaging Fully updated chapters from the first edition Leading Authorities Explore the Latest Techniques Updated to reflect continuous development in this emerging research area, this new edition, as with the original, reaches across disciplines to review a variety of non-invasive optical techniques used to study activity in the living brain. Leading authorities from such diverse areas as biophysics, neuroscience, and cognitive science present a host of perspectives that range from a single neuron to large assemblies of millions of neurons, captured at various temporal and spatial resolutions. Introducing techniques that were not available just a few years ago, the authors describe the theory, setup, analytical methods, and examples that highlight the advantages of each particular method.