Cropwat

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 116 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9251047685

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Deficit Irrigation Practices by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf

In the context of improving water productivity, there is a growing interest in deficit irrigation, an irrigation practice whereby water supply is reduced below maximum levels and mild stress is allowed with minimal effects on yield. Under conditions of scarce water supply and drought, deficit irrigation can lead to greater economic gains than maximizing yields per unit of water for a given crop; farmers are more inclined to use water more efficiently, and more water-efficient cash crop selection helps optimize returns. However, this approach requires precise knowledge of crop response to water as drought tolerance varies considerably by species, cultivar and stage of growth. The studies present the latest research concepts and involve various practices for deficit irrigation. Both annual and perennial crops were exposed to different levels of water stress, either during a particular growth phase, throughout the whole growing season or in a combination of growth stages. The overall finding, based on the synthesis of the different contributions, is that deficit or regulated-deficit irrigation can be beneficial where appropriately applied. Substantial savings of water can be achieved with little impact on the quality and quantity of the harvested yield. However, to be successful, an intimate knowledge of crop behavior is required, as crop response to water stress varies considerably.

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 92 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9251044279

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Land Resources Information Systems for Food Security in SADC Countries by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf

The purpose of the workshop was to promote Land Resources Information Systems (LRIS) and their application in the assessment, mapping and monitoring of land in relation to food security in the South African Development Community (SADC) countries. The workshop reviewed advances made both within and outside SADC. Experiences were discussed and a plan of action prepared to promote future reporting and exchange of information, data expertise and experiences in land information using technical cooperation among developing countries

Author : Robina Wahaj,Florent Maraux,Giovanni Munoz
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 62 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Agricultural production
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Actual Crop Water Use in Project Countries by Robina Wahaj,Florent Maraux,Giovanni Munoz Pdf

This report aims to synthesize the results of a crop water use study conducted by country teams of the GEF/World Bank project, Regional Climate, Water, and Agriculture: Impacts on and Adaptation of Agro-ecological Systems in Africa. It also presents the results of the second phase of the study based on climate change scenarios, conducted by the South Africa country team. The actual evapotranspiration of five commonly grown crops-maize, millet, sorghum, groundnuts, and beans-in two selected districts were analyzed by six country teams. In addition, two country teams also analyzed other crops grown in the districts. The regional analysis shows that the actual yield of the different crops-specifically of maize and groundnuts-improves with an increase in actual evapotranspiration, although the gap remains wide between actual and potential yield and actual and maximum evapotranspiration, especially for the rainfed crops. This highlights the importance of improved water management if agriculture is to play an important role as a source of food security and better livelihoods. The report highlights the vulnerability of maize to water stress and the increased risks to the viability of rainfed farming systems based on this crop. The results of the second phase of analysis show that a 2°C increase in the temperature and a doubling of carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere will shorten the growing period of maize, which will result in decreased crop water requirement and use. The authors recommend extending this type of analysis to other crops as well as to other countries to develop a clearer picture of the changing pattern in crop water use of the major crops grown in the project countries.

Author : K. Ramamohan Reddy,B. Venkateswara Rao,C. Sarala
Publisher : Allied Publishers
Page : 1312 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2014-10-20
Category : Resilience (Ecology)
ISBN : 9788184249521

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HYDROLOGY AND WATERSHED MANAGEMENT by K. Ramamohan Reddy,B. Venkateswara Rao,C. Sarala Pdf

The Proceeding contains the following sections: i) Groundwater Exploration and Exploitation; (ii) RS&GIS Applications in Water Resources; (iii) Watershed Management: Hydrological, Socio-Economic and Cultural Models; (iv) Water and Wastewater Treatment Technologies; (v) Rainwater Harvesting and Rural and Urban Water Supplies; (vi) Floods, Reservoir Sedimentation and Seawater Intrusion; (vii) Water Quality, Pollution and Environment; (viii) Irrigation Management; (ix) Water Logging and Water Productivity in Agriculture; (x) Groundwater Quality; (xi) Hydrologic Parameter Estimation and Modelling; (xii) Climate Change, Water, Food and Environmental Security; (xiii) Groundwater Recharge and Modelling; (xiv) Computational Methods in Hydrology; (xv) Soil and Water Conservation Technologies.

Author : Krishna R. Reddy
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 684 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2024-06-23
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789819962297

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Recent Advances in Civil Engineering by Krishna R. Reddy Pdf

Author : Aditya Nugroho Widiadi,Sharina Osman,Idris Idris,Azmil Mohd Tayeb
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2024-01-27
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9782384761685

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Proceeding of the 3rd International Conference on Social Knowledge Sciences and Education (ICSKSE) 2023"Change and Continuity in Southeast Asia" by Aditya Nugroho Widiadi,Sharina Osman,Idris Idris,Azmil Mohd Tayeb Pdf

This is an open access book. Socio-culturally, people in the Southeast Asian region have a heterogeneous composition. This diversity can be seen from the large number of ethnic compositions that inhabit the region. For example, in Indonesia, there are already various ethnic groups, not yet to mention in other regions such as Malaysia, Philippine, and others. The diversity of these ethnic groups is directly proportional to the variety of languages that exist in Southeast Asia. Similarly with the languages, the culture in these ethnic groups is definitely diverse. Interestingly, this diversity is constantly changing, keeping up with the global changes. These changes are important to study, in order to get an overview of the socio-cultural changes and continuity that currently exist in the Southeast Asian region. The various changes and continuity that occur historically, geographically, and socio-culturally mentioned above, will also have various impacts on the educational aspect. Therefore, it is also pivotal to examine the various change and continuity that occur in the field of education of Southeast Asia. This is because the field of education will determine where Southeast Asia will be taken in the future.

Author : Rosario H. Perez-Espejo,Roberto M. Constantino-Toto,Hilda R. Davila-Ibanez
Publisher : Springer
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2016-03-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319288246

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Water, Food and Welfare by Rosario H. Perez-Espejo,Roberto M. Constantino-Toto,Hilda R. Davila-Ibanez Pdf

This book addresses the following topics: the contemporary model for water management and alternative approaches; the socioeconomic framework, water policy and institutions; water use for food purposes, water-resources inventory and irrigation; manifestations of welfare loss and water prices; change in dietary patterns and water security; hydrological stress and pressures on water availability; groundwater management problems; vulnerability and climate change; water demand of major crops; gray water footprint and water pollution; gray water footprint and mining; virtual water and food trade; estimates of the water footprint of four key cereals, forage, livestock and bottled drinks. It is the result of a cooperation between 16 researchers from eleven Mexican academic institutions.

Author : Martin Smith,Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 140 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9251031061

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CROPWAT by Martin Smith,Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf

Setting up cropwat: conditions of use and distribution; Installation; File structure. Getting started on cropwat: Main menu; Printer setting; Default drive and path for data input and retrieval. Eto Calculations: Input climatic station; Retrieval of Eto data from disk; Output. Crop water requeriments: Input climate data; Input of crop data; Crop water requirements results; Program continuation. Rice water requirements: Input of rice data from keyboard; Saving of rice data; Retrieval ofrice data from disk; Date of transplanting; Rice irrigation calculations; Rice irrigation output; Program continuation. Irrigation Scheduling: Data input for irrigation scheduling; Irrigation Scheduling options; Irrigation Scheduling calculations; Irrigation Scheduling output; Program continuation. Scheme water supply: Data input; Calculations; Output. Calculation of reference evapotranspiration: Data collection; Data conversion; Climatic data input; Climatic data and Eto output; Climatic and Eto data saving; Processing of rainfall data: Rainfall definitions; Rain data collection; Rain data processing; Effective Rainfall method; Rain data input; Saving climatic data; Printout of climatic data. Cropping pattern and crop information: Data collection; Cropping pattern; Crop data input. Crop water requirement calculations: File input; CWR calculations; CWR field files; Summary of CWR calculations. Scheme and canal water requirements: Calculation procedures; Field file input; Scheme water requirements (SWR) results; Evaluation of SWR results. Irrigation Scheduling: Data input; Soil data collection; Soil datainput; Irrigation scheduling applications.

Author : Vijay P. Singh,Ram Narayan Yadava
Publisher : Allied Publishers
Page : 600 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Groundwater
ISBN : 817764548X

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Water Resources System Operation by Vijay P. Singh,Ram Narayan Yadava Pdf

Author : Magnus L. Sørensen
Publisher : Nova Publishers
Page : 324 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Nature
ISBN : 1604561599

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Agricultural Water Management Research Trends by Magnus L. Sørensen Pdf

Agricultural water management includes many topics: farm-level and regional water management, irrigation, drainage, and salinity management of cultivated areas, collection and storage of rainfall in relation to soil properties and vegetation; the role of groundwater and surface water in nutrient cycling, exploitation and protection of water resources, control of flooding, erosion, and desertification. This book presents leading-edge research from around the world.

Author : Assefa M. Melesse,Wossenu Abtew
Publisher : Springer
Page : 839 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2015-07-21
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9783319187877

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Landscape Dynamics, Soils and Hydrological Processes in Varied Climates by Assefa M. Melesse,Wossenu Abtew Pdf

The book presents the processes governing the dynamics of landscapes, soils and sediments, water and energy under different climatic regions using studies conducted in varied climatic zones including arid, semi-arid, humid and wet regions. The spatiotemporal availability of the processes and fluxes and their linkage to the environment, land, soil and water management are presented at various scales. Spatial scales including laboratory, field, watershed, river basin and regions are represented. The effect of tillage operations and land management on soil physical characteristics and soil moisture is discussed. The book has 35 chapters in seven sections: 1) Landscape and Land Cover Dynamics, 2) Rainfall-Runoff Processes, 3) Floods and Hydrological Processes 4) Groundwater Flow and Aquifer Management, 5) Sediment Dynamics and Soil Management, 6) Climate change impact on vegetation, sediment and water dynamics, and 7) Water and Watershed Management.

Author : Anandaraja, N.
Publisher : New India Publishing
Page : 508 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2008-03-05
Category : Agricultural extension work
ISBN : 8189422839

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Extension of Technologies by Anandaraja, N. Pdf

Study conducted at Thondamuthur Block in Coimbatore District of Tamil Nadu, India.

Author : Fathi Zereini,Heinz Hötzl
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 558 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2009-11-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540850472

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Climatic Changes and Water Resources in the Middle East and North Africa by Fathi Zereini,Heinz Hötzl Pdf

"Climatic Change and Water Resources in the Middle East and North Africa" is dedicated to high-priority topics related to the impact of climate change on water resources in a water scarce region. The subject is described and discussed in three main chapters and different case studies. The three main chapters are (1) Climatic changes - sources and effects on the water cycle, (2) Impact of climate change on water resources, (3) Water resources and water management. These chapters are split up into further 26 sections. A total of 64 individuals from many countries have made contributions to this book. All topics in this book are complimentary and contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the interactions between global climate change, world water cycle and water resources. A valuable and meaningful interdisciplinary mixture of topics is combined in this book which will be of great interest to many scientists.

Author : Mannava VK Sivakumar,Raymond P. Motha
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 504 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2008-01-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540727460

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Managing Weather and Climate Risks in Agriculture by Mannava VK Sivakumar,Raymond P. Motha Pdf

Based on an International Workshop held in New Delhi, India, this work should be of interest to all organizations and agencies interested in improved risk management in agriculture. In many parts of the world, weather and climate are one of the biggest production risks and uncertainty factors impacting on agricultural systems performance and management. Both structural and non-structural measures can be used to reduce the impacts of the variability (including extremes) of climate resources on crop production.

Author : Prem Lal Kashyap,Vikas Gupta,Om Prakash Gupta,R. Sendhil,K. Gopalareddy,Poonam Jasrotia,Gyanendra Pratap Singh
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 644 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2022-05-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789811641343

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New Horizons in Wheat and Barley Research by Prem Lal Kashyap,Vikas Gupta,Om Prakash Gupta,R. Sendhil,K. Gopalareddy,Poonam Jasrotia,Gyanendra Pratap Singh Pdf

This book discusses the research progress on pathology, entomology, nematology, and resource management of wheat and barley crops. The volume summarizes the research progress and discusses the future perspectives based on current understanding of the existing issues and advancing cutting-edge technologies in the field. The book aims to help in deciding future research and development agenda by devising better strategies and techniques to cultivate these crops under clean and sustainable environment. Through this book an international group of leading wheat and barley researchers unveil the emerging concepts and issues related to biotic stresses and resource management and offers latest glimpses of technological needs and resource optimization in wheat and barley production system. Also, key topics such as frontier mechanization technologies, improved precision farming techniques, pluralistic extension and policy interventions for enhancing the resource efficiency and livelihood security of the farmers are explored here. This book is of interest to teachers, researchers, molecular breeders, cereal biochemists and biotechnologists, policymakers and professionals working in the area of wheat and barley research, food and cereal industry. Also, the book serves as an additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of agriculture and food sciences. National and international agricultural scientists, policy makers will also find this book to be a useful read. Volume 1 of New Horizons in Wheat and Barley Research covers global trends, breeding and quality enhancement.