Epsa11 Perspectives And Foundational Problems In Philosophy Of Science

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EPSA11 Perspectives and Foundational Problems in Philosophy of Science

Vassilios Karakostas,Dennis Dieks
EPSA11 Perspectives and Foundational Problems in Philosophy of Science Book PDF

Author : Vassilios Karakostas,Dennis Dieks
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 489 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2013-12-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319013060

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EPSA11 Perspectives and Foundational Problems in Philosophy of Science by Vassilios Karakostas,Dennis Dieks Pdf

This book contains a selection of original conference papers covering all major fields in the philosophy of science, that have been organized into themes. The first section of this volume begins with the formal philosophy of science, moves on to idealization, representation and explanation and then finishes with realism, anti-realism and special science laws. The second section covers the philosophy of the physical sciences, looking at quantum mechanics, spontaneous symmetry breaking, the philosophy of space and time, linking physics and metaphysics and the philosophy of chemistry. Further themed sections cover the philosophies of the life sciences, the cognitive sciences and the social sciences. Readers will find that this volume provides an excellent overview of the state of the art in the philosophy of science, as practiced in different European countries. ​

Model-Based Reasoning in Science and Technology

Ángel Nepomuceno-Fernández,Lorenzo Magnani,Francisco J. Salguero-Lamillar,Cristina Barés-Gómez,Matthieu Fontaine
Model Based Reasoning in Science and Technology Book PDF

Author : Ángel Nepomuceno-Fernández,Lorenzo Magnani,Francisco J. Salguero-Lamillar,Cristina Barés-Gómez,Matthieu Fontaine
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 502 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2019-10-24
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783030327224

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Model-Based Reasoning in Science and Technology by Ángel Nepomuceno-Fernández,Lorenzo Magnani,Francisco J. Salguero-Lamillar,Cristina Barés-Gómez,Matthieu Fontaine Pdf

This book discusses how scientific and other types of cognition make use of models, abduction, and explanatory reasoning in order to produce important and innovative changes in theories and concepts. Gathering revised contributions presented at the international conference on Model-Based Reasoning (MBR18), held on October 24–26 2018 in Seville, Spain, the book is divided into three main parts. The first focuses on models, reasoning, and representation. It highlights key theoretical concepts from an applied perspective, and addresses issues concerning information visualization, experimental methods, and design. The second part goes a step further, examining abduction, problem solving, and reasoning. The respective papers assess different types of reasoning, and discuss various concepts of inference and creativity and their relationship with experimental data. In turn, the third part reports on a number of epistemological and technological issues. By analyzing possible contradictions in modern research and describing representative case studies, this part is intended to foster new discussions and stimulate new ideas. All in all, the book provides researchers and graduate students in the fields of applied philosophy, epistemology, cognitive science, and artificial intelligence alike with an authoritative snapshot of the latest theories and applications of model-based reasoning.

Meta-Philosophical Reflection on Feminist Philosophies of Science

Maria Cristina Amoretti,Nicla Vassallo
Meta Philosophical Reflection on Feminist Philosophies of Science Book PDF

Author : Maria Cristina Amoretti,Nicla Vassallo
Publisher : Springer
Page : 222 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2015-12-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319263489

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Meta-Philosophical Reflection on Feminist Philosophies of Science by Maria Cristina Amoretti,Nicla Vassallo Pdf

This volume offers a meta-philosophical reflection on feminist philosophies of science. It emphasizes and discusses both the connections and differences between "traditional" philosophies of science and feminist philosophies of science. The collection systematically analyses feminist contributions to the various philosophies of specific sciences. Each chapter is devoted to a specific area of philosophy of science: general philosophy of science, philosophy of biology, philosophy of climate sciences, philosophy of cognitive sciences and neurosciences, philosophy of economics, philosophy of history and archaeology, philosophy of logic and mathematics, philosophy of medicine, philosophy of psychology, philosophy of physics, and philosophy of social sciences. Since some of these areas have so far rarely been addressed by feminist philosophers, this new collection provides new angels and stimulates the debate on pivotal issues that are part and parcel of both "traditional" philosophies of science and feminist philosophies of science. Using a range of different methodologies and styles, the essays all show great clarity in both arguments and contents.

The Routledge Handbook of Scientific Realism

Juha Saatsi
The Routledge Handbook of Scientific Realism Book PDF

Author : Juha Saatsi
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 456 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2017-11-22
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781351362917

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The Routledge Handbook of Scientific Realism by Juha Saatsi Pdf

Scientific realism is a central, long-standing, and hotly debated topic in philosophy of science. Debates about scientific realism concern the very nature and extent of scientific knowledge and progress. Scientific realists defend a positive epistemic attitude towards our best theories and models regarding how they represent the world that is unobservable to our naked senses. Various realist theses are under sceptical fire from scientific antirealists, e.g. empiricists and instrumentalists. The different dimensions of the ensuing debate centrally connect to numerous other topics in philosophy of science and beyond. The Routledge Handbook of Scientific Realism is an outstanding reference source – the first collection of its kind – to the key issues, positions, and arguments in this important topic. Its thirty-four chapters, written by a team of international experts, are divided into five parts: Historical development of the realist stance Classic debate: core issues and positions Perspectives on contemporary debates The realism debate in disciplinary context Broader reflections In these sections, the core issues and debates presented, analysed, and set into broader historical and disciplinary contexts. The central issues covered include motivations and arguments for realism; challenges to realism from underdetermination and history of science; different variants of realism; the connection of realism to relativism and perspectivism; and the relationship between realism, metaphysics, and epistemology. The Routledge Handbook of Scientific Realism is essential reading for students and researchers in philosophy of science. It will also be very useful for anyone interested in the nature and extent of scientific knowledge.

Models and Theories

Roman Frigg
Models and Theories Book PDF

Author : Roman Frigg
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 508 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2022-06-28
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781000609530

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Models and Theories by Roman Frigg Pdf

Models and theories are of central importance in science, and scientists spend substantial amounts of time building, testing, comparing and revising models and theories. It is therefore not surprising that the nature of scientific models and theories has been a widely debated topic within the philosophy of science for many years. The product of two decades of research, this book provides an accessible yet critical introduction to the debates about models and theories within analytical philosophy of science since the 1920s. Roman Frigg surveys and discusses key topics and questions, including: What are theories? What are models? And how do models and theories relate to each other? The linguistic view of theories (also known as the syntactic view of theories), covering different articulations of the view, its use of models, the theory-observation divide and the theory-ladenness of observation, and the meaning of theoretical terms. The model-theoretical view of theories (also known as the semantic view of theories), covering its analysis of the model-world relationship, the internal structure of a theory, and the ontology of models. Scientific representation, discussing analogy, idealisation and different accounts of representation. Modelling in scientific practice, examining how models relate to theories and what models are, classifying different kinds of models, and investigating how robustness analysis, perspectivism, and approaches committed to uncertainty-management deal with multi-model situations. Models and Theories is the first comprehensive book-length treatment of the topic, making it essential reading for advanced undergraduates, researchers, and professional philosophers working in philosophy of science and philosophy of technology. It will also be of interest to philosophically minded readers working in physics, computer sciences and STEM fields more broadly.

Empirical Philosophy of Science

Susann Wagenknecht,Nancy J. Nersessian,Hanne Andersen
Empirical Philosophy of Science Book PDF

Author : Susann Wagenknecht,Nancy J. Nersessian,Hanne Andersen
Publisher : Springer
Page : 171 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2015-06-12
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9783319186009

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Empirical Philosophy of Science by Susann Wagenknecht,Nancy J. Nersessian,Hanne Andersen Pdf

The book examines the emerging approach of using qualitative methods, such as interviews and field observations, in the philosophy of science. Qualitative methods are gaining popularity among philosophers of science as more and more scholars are resorting to empirical work in their study of scientific practices. At the same time, the results produced through empirical work are quite different from those gained through the kind of introspective conceptual analysis more typical of philosophy. This volume explores the benefits and challenges of an empirical philosophy of science and addresses questions such as: What do philosophers gain from empirical work? How can empirical research help to develop philosophical concepts? How do we integrate philosophical frameworks and empirical research? What constraints do we accept when choosing an empirical approach? What constraints does a pronounced theoretical focus impose on empirical work? Nine experts discuss their thoughts and empirical results in the chapters of this book with the aim of providing readers with an answer to these questions.

Philosophy of Science

Alexander Christian,David Hommen,Nina Retzlaff,Gerhard Schurz
Philosophy of Science Book PDF

Author : Alexander Christian,David Hommen,Nina Retzlaff,Gerhard Schurz
Publisher : Springer
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2018-03-26
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783319725772

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Philosophy of Science by Alexander Christian,David Hommen,Nina Retzlaff,Gerhard Schurz Pdf

This broad and insightful book presents current scholarship in important subfields of philosophy of science and addresses an interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary readership. It groups carefully selected contributions into the four fields of I) philosophy of physics, II) philosophy of life sciences, III) philosophy of social sciences and values in science, and IV) philosophy of mathematics and formal modeling. Readers will discover research papers by Paul Hoyningen-Huene, Keizo Matsubara, Kian Salimkhani, Andrea Reichenberger, Anne Sophie Meincke, Javier Suárez, Roger Deulofeu, Ludger Jansen, Peter Hucklenbroich, Martin Carrier, Elizaveta Kostrova, Lara Huber, Jens Harbecke, Antonio Piccolomini d’Aragona and Axel Gelfert. This collection fosters dialogue between philosophers of science working in different subfields, and brings readers the finest and latest work across the breadth of the field, illustrating that contemporary philosophy of science has successfully broadened its scope of reflection. It will interest and inspire a wide audience of philosophers as well as scholars of the natural sciences, social sciences and the humanities. The volume shares selected contributions from the prestigious second triennial conference of the German Society for Philosophy of Science/ Gesellschaft für Wissenschaftsphilosophie (GWP.2016, March 8, 2016 – March 11, 2016).

Embracing Scientific Realism

Seungbae Park
Embracing Scientific Realism Book PDF

Author : Seungbae Park
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2021-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030878139

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Embracing Scientific Realism by Seungbae Park Pdf

This book provides philosophers of science with new theoretical resources for making their own contributions to the scientific realism debate. Readers will encounter old and new arguments for and against scientific realism. They will also be given useful tips for how to provide influential formulations of scientific realism and antirealism. Finally, they will see how scientific realism relates to scientific progress, scientific understanding, mathematical realism, and scientific practice.

Philosophy of Cognitive Neuroscience

Lena Kästner
Philosophy of Cognitive Neuroscience Book PDF

Author : Lena Kästner
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2017-06-12
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783110530940

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Philosophy of Cognitive Neuroscience by Lena Kästner Pdf

How do cognitive neuroscientists explain phenomena like memory or language processing? This book examines the different kinds of experiments and manipulative research strategies involved in understanding and eventually explaining such phenomena. Against this background, it evaluates contemporary accounts of scientific explanation, specifically the mechanistic and interventionist accounts, and finds them to be crucially incomplete. Besides, mechanisms and interventions cannot actually be combined in the way usually done in the literature. This book offers solutions to both these problems based on insights from experimental practice. It defends a new reading of the interventionist account, highlights the importance of non-interventionist studies for scientific inquiry, and supplies a taxonomy of experiments that makes it easy to see how the gaps in contemporary accounts of scientific explanation can be filled. The book concludes that a truly empirically adequate philosophy of science must take into account a much wider range of experimental research than has been done to date. With the taxonomy provided, this book serves a stepping-stone leading into a new era of philosophy of science—for cognitive neuroscience and beyond.

Science and Moral Imagination

Matthew J. Brown
Science and Moral Imagination Book PDF

Author : Matthew J. Brown
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
Page : 381 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2020-11-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780822987673

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Science and Moral Imagination by Matthew J. Brown Pdf

The idea that science is or should be value-free, and that values are or should be formed independently of science, has been under fire by philosophers of science for decades. Science and Moral Imagination directly challenges the idea that science and values cannot and should not influence each other. Matthew J. Brown argues that science and values mutually influence and implicate one another, that the influence of values on science is pervasive and must be responsibly managed, and that science can and should have an influence on our values. This interplay, he explains, must be guided by accounts of scientific inquiry and value judgment that are sensitive to the complexities of their interactions. Brown presents scientific inquiry and value judgment as types of problem-solving practices and provides a new framework for thinking about how we might ethically evaluate episodes and decisions in science, while offering guidance for scientific practitioners and institutions about how they can incorporate value judgments into their work. His framework, dubbed “the ideal of moral imagination,” emphasizes the role of imagination in value judgment and the positive role that value judgment plays in science.

Interpreting Feyerabend

Karim Bschir,Jamie Shaw
Interpreting Feyerabend Book PDF

Author : Karim Bschir,Jamie Shaw
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 271 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2021-03-18
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781108471992

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Interpreting Feyerabend by Karim Bschir,Jamie Shaw Pdf

Provides a series of essays interpreting and critically evaluating the philosophy of Paul Feyerabend.

Methodology and History of Economics

Bruce Caldwell,John Davis,Uskali Mäki,Esther-Mirjam Sent
Methodology and History of Economics Book PDF

Author : Bruce Caldwell,John Davis,Uskali Mäki,Esther-Mirjam Sent
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 261 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2022-08-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781000637939

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Methodology and History of Economics by Bruce Caldwell,John Davis,Uskali Mäki,Esther-Mirjam Sent Pdf

This edited volume provides an in-depth exploration into the influential work of Wade Hands, examining the changing relationship between methodology and the history of economics in connection with contemporary developments in economics. The papers in this volume fall into four parts, each devoted to an important theme in Wade Hands’ work. The first part explores the influence and scope of Reflection without Rules, capturing the rich debate that the book generated about what guides methodological and philosophical thinking in economics. The second part examines Hands’ research on Paul Samuelson’s economics and the methodological dimensions of Samuelson’s thinking. Part three looks to Hands’ long-standing interest in the philosophical foundations of pragmatist thinking. The final part addresses his more recent research in the methodological import of the emergence of behavioural economics. Together, the contributors show how Hands’ insights in complexity theory, identity, and stratification are key to understanding a reconfigured economic methodology. They also reveal how his willingness to draw from multiple academic disciplines gives us a platform for interrogating mainstream economics and provides the basis for a humane yet scientific alternative. This unique volume will be essential reading for advanced students and researchers across social economics, history of economic thought, economic methodology, political economy, and philosophy of social science.

Dispositionalism

Anne Sophie Meincke
Dispositionalism Book PDF

Author : Anne Sophie Meincke
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2020-04-08
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783030287221

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Dispositionalism by Anne Sophie Meincke Pdf

According to dispositional realism, or dispositionalism, the entities inhabiting our world possess irreducibly dispositional properties – often called ‘powers’ – by means of which they are sources of change. Dispositionalism has become increasingly popular among metaphysicians in the last three decades as it offers a realist account of causation and provides novel avenues for understanding modality, laws of nature, agency, free will and other key concepts in metaphysics. At the same time, it is receiving growing interest among philosophers of science. This reflects the substantial role scientific findings play in arguments for dispositionalism which, as a metaphysics of science, aims to unveil the very foundations of science. The present collection of essays brings together both strands of interest. It elucidates the ontological profile of dispositionalism by exploring its ontological commitments, and it discusses these from the perspective of the philosophy of science. The essays are written by both proponents of dispositionalism and sceptics so as to initiate an open-minded, constructive dialogue.

Exploring Inductive Risk

Kevin C. Elliott,Ted Richards
Exploring Inductive Risk Book PDF

Author : Kevin C. Elliott,Ted Richards
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2017-06-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780190467746

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Exploring Inductive Risk by Kevin C. Elliott,Ted Richards Pdf

Science is the most reliable means available for understanding the world around us and our place in it. But, since science draws conclusions based on limited empirical evidence, there is always a chance that a scientific inference will be incorrect. That chance, known as inductive risk, is endemic to science. Though inductive risk has always been present in scientific practice, the role of values in responding to it has only recently gained extensive attention from philosophers, scientists, and policy-makers. Exploring Inductive Risk brings together a set of eleven concrete case studies with the goals of illustrating the pervasiveness of inductive risk, assisting scientists and policymakers in responding to it, and moving theoretical discussions of this phenomenon forward. The case studies range over a wide variety of scientific contexts, including the drug approval process, high energy particle physics, dual-use research, climate science, research on gender disparities in employment, clinical trials, and toxicology. The book includes an introductory chapter that provides a conceptual introduction to the topic and a historical overview of the argument that values have an important role to play in responding to inductive risk, as well as a concluding chapter that synthesizes important themes from the book and maps out issues in need of further consideration.

Philosophy of Technology after the Empirical Turn

Maarten Franssen,Pieter E. Vermaas,Peter Kroes,Anthonie W.M. Meijers
Philosophy of Technology after the Empirical Turn Book PDF

Author : Maarten Franssen,Pieter E. Vermaas,Peter Kroes,Anthonie W.M. Meijers
Publisher : Springer
Page : 325 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2016-06-23
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783319337173

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Philosophy of Technology after the Empirical Turn by Maarten Franssen,Pieter E. Vermaas,Peter Kroes,Anthonie W.M. Meijers Pdf

This volume features 16 essays on the philosophy of technology that discuss its identity, its position in philosophy in general, and the role of empirical studies in philosophical analyses of engineering ethics and engineering practices. This volume is published about fifteen years after Peter Kroes and Anthonie Meijers published a collection of papers under the title The empirical turn in the philosophy of technology, in which they called for a reorientation toward the practice of engineering, and sketched the likely benefits for philosophy of technology of pursuing its major questions in an empirically informed way. The essays in this volume fall apart in two different kinds. One kind follows up on The empirical turn discussion about what the philosophy of technology is all about. It continues the search for the identity of the philosophy of technology by asking what comes after the empirical turn. The other kind of essays follows the call for an empirical turn in the philosophy of technology by showing how it may be realized with regard to particular topics. Together these essays offer the reader an overview of the state of the art of an empirically informed philosophy of technology and of various views on the empirical turn as a stepping stone into the future of the philosophy of technology.