Fast Facts Comprehensive Genomic Profiling

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Fast Facts: Comprehensive Genomic Profiling

Author : Bernardo L. Rapoport ,Giancarlo Troncone ,Fernando Schmitt ,Simon Nayler
Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Page : 109 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2020-10-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783318068184

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Fast Facts: Comprehensive Genomic Profiling by Bernardo L. Rapoport ,Giancarlo Troncone ,Fernando Schmitt ,Simon Nayler Pdf

Cancer is a multifaceted disease in which genetic changes induce uncontrolled tumor growth. Genomic characterization of cancer is now leading to better diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers, and effective individualized management. 'Fast Facts: Comprehensive Genomic Profiling' provides a crash course in the science, methods and application of genomic profiling. Assuming only the most basic knowledge – or memory – of cell biology, the authors provide an overview of DNA and RNA biology and next-generation sequencing. This sets in context the descriptions of prognostic and predictive biomarkers for different cancer types and genomic-based treatments. Finally, but importantly, some of the practicalities of gaining and interpreting genomic information are described. Whether you need a primer or a refresher, this short colorful book demystifies this complex subject. Contents: • Genetic mutations and biomarkers • Understanding next-generation sequencing • Elements of comprehensive genomic profiles • Role in precision oncology • Predictive and prognostic biomarkers • Overcoming barriers to genotype-directed therapy

Fast Facts: Molecular Profiling in Solid Tumors

Author : P. Cheema,E. Garralda,B.S. Sheffield,P. Pisapia
Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Page : 104 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2022-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783318072129

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Fast Facts: Molecular Profiling in Solid Tumors by P. Cheema,E. Garralda,B.S. Sheffield,P. Pisapia Pdf

Identifying tumor-specific molecular aberrations via molecular profiling is vital for the use of targeted therapies. Understanding a patient’s unique tumor genetics provides predictive and prognostic information that enables a personalized care plan to be put in place, improving outcomes and minimizing ineffective treatments. 'Fast Facts: Molecular Profiling in Solid Tumors' provides a firm knowledge foundation of somatic molecular profiling methodologies, key information to help with the use of molecular profiling in daily practice and advice on communicating with patients about molecular testing and results. Table of Contents: • Molecular profiling: the basics • Rationale for testing • Sample collection • Test selection and process • Interpreting the report • Talking to patients • Challenges and opportunities

Fast Facts: Cholangiocarcinoma

Author : R.T. Shroff,C. Braconi
Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Page : 84 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2021-04-08
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783318068108

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Fast Facts: Cholangiocarcinoma by R.T. Shroff,C. Braconi Pdf

Cholangiocarcinomas (CCAs) are a group of heterogeneous tumors that have traditionally had poor prognosis. Despite being rare, the global incidence of CCA has increased dramatically over the last few decades. However, alongside this, there have been advancements in our understanding, diagnosis and treatment, improving the overall survival and quality of life of patients with advanced disease. This compact yet comprehensive review of CCA serves as a guide for physicians, oncologists, allied health professionals, scientists, patients and caregivers to update their knowledge of the most recent clinical developments and most promising areas of research. Table of Contents: • Pathophysiology, etiology and epidemiology • Diagnosis • Biliary drainage and supportive care • Surgical resection and transplantation • Translational research • Systemic therapy • Immunotherapy • Radiotherapy and photodynamic therapy

Fast Facts: Bladder Cancer

Author : Seth P. Lerner,Ian D. Davis
Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Page : 98 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2018-02-05
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781910797648

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Fast Facts: Bladder Cancer by Seth P. Lerner,Ian D. Davis Pdf

Our understanding of the biology of bladder cancer has advanced remarkably since the second edition of 'Fast Facts: Bladder Cancer' was published in 2006. Five new immunotherapies targeting the PD-1 axis were approved in 2016 and 2017 for the treatment of advanced bladder cancer, reflecting this transformative explosion in knowledge about the biology of the disease. This new era of targeted treatment offers hope to patients, particularly those with advanced disease. However, for clinicians it means a lot to understand in terms of how these immunotherapies are integrated into the treatment paradigm. Who they are suitable for? When are they best used? What is the optimal sequence of treatments for individual patients? This third edition of 'Fast Facts: Bladder Cancer' has been updated extensively throughout by two new authors, bringing a fresh perspective. Key updates include: • the latest understanding of pathology and biology • current standards for investigation, imaging and diagnosis • the critical role that awareness of the significance of hematuria among patients and primary care health professionals can make to earlier detection at curable stages of the disease • the roles of drugs, surgery and radiation therapy in treatment at different stages of bladder cancer, and when and how best to intervene, aided by understanding of the risk factors for disease relapse and progression • a new chapter about immunotherapy for bladder cancer • future trends in a rapidly evolving field. 'Fast Facts: Bladder Cancer' is a concise guide that will be of value to clinicians and health professionals involved in the detection and treatment of bladder cancer. This highly readable resource provides a comprehensive and current view of this complex disease, enabling informed discussions with patients. Contents: • Epidemiology and etiology • Pathology and biology • Clinical presentation • Investigations • Management of non-muscle-invasive disease • Management of muscle-invasive disease • Management of advanced and metastatic disease • Immunotherapy • Future trends • Useful resources

Fast Facts: Leukemia

Author : J. Loke,B. Savani
Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Page : 126 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2019-03-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781910797846

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Fast Facts: Leukemia by J. Loke,B. Savani Pdf

A thorough overview of the four main types of leukemia (acute and chronic myeloid, acute lymphoblastic and chronic lymphocytic), with superb explanatory illustrations. Covering all aspects of the disease, from a detailed description of hematopoiesis and what goes wrong in leukemia, through the tests and interventions, to the management of emergency complications, this highly readable primer is the ideal resource for primary care providers, specialist nurses and oncology/hematology trainees wanting to know more.

Modern Techniques in Cytopathology

Author : M.M. Bui,L. Pantanowitz
Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Page : 120 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2020-01-13
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783318065763

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Modern Techniques in Cytopathology by M.M. Bui,L. Pantanowitz Pdf

In the era of precision medicine, physicians are increasingly in need of more definitive diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive information derived from small biopsy specimens such as cytology samples in order to guide effective patient care. Cytopathology is well poised to meet this challenge. Whilst the traditional cytomorphologic component of cytology practice is still valid, enormous advances have been made in the field of cytopathology thanks to transformative technology and innovative individuals that have augmented the cytologists' ability to meet the demands of modern medicine. The purpose of this book is to describe, illustrate, and review many of the most recent developments regarding modern techniques employed in cytopathology. This latest monograph is intended for all cytologists including cytopathologists, cytotechnologists, cytology lab assistants, trainees, research scientists, and anyone who is interested in the field of cytopathology. We have invited pioneering experts in their respective fields to author these chapters. This book is not only the culmination of their groundbreaking work and effort but also presents a critical review of the current literature. We have attempted to provide readers with an informative and comprehensive aid so that they may better appreciate how emerging technology has been applied to cytology. Each chapter in this book presents a stand-alone contemporary review of emerging topics in cytopathology. We hope that you will find this monograph thought-provoking and a valuable reference for your practice.

Diagnostic Pathology: Molecular Oncology E-Book

Author : Mohammad A Vasef,Aaron Auerbach
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
Page : 1000 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2019-08-08
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780323611459

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Diagnostic Pathology: Molecular Oncology E-Book by Mohammad A Vasef,Aaron Auerbach Pdf

Covering all aspects of molecular pathology as it relates to the transformation and pathogenesis of cancer, this award-winning volume in the Diagnostic Pathology series is an expert resource for pathologists at all levels of experience and training, both as a quick reference and as an efficient review to improve knowledge and skills. This easily accessible, point-of-care reference features templated, bulleted content that is generously illustrated with charts, graphs, tables, and color photomicrographs of histology with special stains. It offers a practical, clinical approach to examining how molecular mutations affect common medical diseases and identifies the relevant and appropriate molecular tests to perform for a complete work-up in the era of molecular-targeted therapies. Provides updated information on molecular mutations in different tumors, including solid tumors and hematopoietic neoplasms, and new targeted therapies geared toward these molecular alterations Discusses now widely used immunotherapy treatments, including how immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of many neoplasms such as breast and lung carcinomas and lymphoma Features more than 2,000 annotated images throughout, including H&E stains, immunostains, and FISH images Covers timely topics such as: Recent advances in cancer immunotherapy, specifically in the molecular basis of immunotherapy Newly discovered targeted therapies, including multiple lung carcinoma therapies now considered for patients based on existing mutations to specific genes (KRAS, ALK, BRAF, and ROS) The need for integration of myeloid and lymphoid gene panels due to increased knowledge from next generation sequencing studies of new mutations and the resulting newly developed molecular targets Increased usage of next generation sequencing techniques Changes to hematopoietic tumor details based on revised WHO guidelines Recipient of a 2016 BMA Award: Highly Commended, Pathology (previous edition)

Fast Facts: Prostate Cancer

Author : Roger S. Kirby,Manish I. Patel
Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Page : 138 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2017-03-08
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781910797372

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Fast Facts: Prostate Cancer by Roger S. Kirby,Manish I. Patel Pdf

Prostate cancer is unusual among solid tumors in that the majority of affected men die with, rather than of, the disease. This presents many challenges to healthcare professionals and patients in terms of deciding if, when and how to intervene in order to control tumor growth and spread, thereby extending survival but without compromising quality of life. This is the ninth edition of 'Fast Facts: Prostate Cancer' since 1996, testament to the rapid changes in the field and the steadily improving outlook for patients. This new edition provides many key updates: • the Gleason grade grouping, which has valuable prognostic value • nomograms to evaluate risk • our rapidly expanding understanding of the genetics and underlying pathogenesis of prostate cancer and the development of genomic tests to help identify those at greatest risk of developing clinically significant disease • the continuing debate about the role of PSA in the screening, detection and monitoring of prostate cancer • advances in imaging techniques, particularly multiparametric MRI, which is improving the accuracy of biopsy and reducing the numbers of negative biopsies • the roles of drugs, surgery and radiotherapy in the treatment of prostate cancer at different stages, and our ever-improving understanding of when and how best to intervene, aided by improving understanding of the risk factors for disease progression. Primarily intended for primary care providers, specialist nurses, junior doctors and allied healthcare professionals, this highly readable resource provides a comprehensive overview of prostate cancer, enabling fully informed discussions with patients about this complex disease. Contents: • Epidemiology and pathophysiology • Diet, lifestyle and chemoprevention • Screening and early detection • Diagnosis, staging and prognostic indicators • Management of clinically localized disease • Managing recurrence after initial therapy • Management of metastatic prostate cancer • Management of castrate-resistant prostate cancer • Survivorship and treatment complications

Assessing Genetic Risks

Author : Institute of Medicine,Committee on Assessing Genetic Risks
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 1994-01-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309047982

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Assessing Genetic Risks by Institute of Medicine,Committee on Assessing Genetic Risks Pdf

Raising hopes for disease treatment and prevention, but also the specter of discrimination and "designer genes," genetic testing is potentially one of the most socially explosive developments of our time. This book presents a current assessment of this rapidly evolving field, offering principles for actions and research and recommendations on key issues in genetic testing and screening. Advantages of early genetic knowledge are balanced with issues associated with such knowledge: availability of treatment, privacy and discrimination, personal decision-making, public health objectives, cost, and more. Among the important issues covered: Quality control in genetic testing. Appropriate roles for public agencies, private health practitioners, and laboratories. Value-neutral education and counseling for persons considering testing. Use of test results in insurance, employment, and other settings.

The Genetics of Cancer

Author : B.A. Ponder,M.J. Waring
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 222 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789401106771

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The Genetics of Cancer by B.A. Ponder,M.J. Waring Pdf

It has been recognized for almost 200 years that certain families seem to inherit cancer. It is only in the past decade, however, that molecular genetics and epidemiology have combined to define the role of inheritance in cancer more clearly, and to identify some of the genes involved. The causative genes can be tracked through cancer-prone families via genetic linkage and positional cloning. Several of the genes discovered have subsequently been proved to play critical roles in normal growth and development. There are also implications for the families themselves in terms of genetic testing with its attendant dilemmas, if it is not clear that useful action will result. The chapters in The Genetics of Cancer illustrate what has already been achieved and take a critical look at the future directions of this research and its potential clinical applications.

Evolution of Translational Omics

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on the Review of Omics-Based Tests for Predicting Patient Outcomes in Clinical Trials
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 354 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2012-09-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309224185

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Evolution of Translational Omics by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on the Review of Omics-Based Tests for Predicting Patient Outcomes in Clinical Trials Pdf

Technologies collectively called omics enable simultaneous measurement of an enormous number of biomolecules; for example, genomics investigates thousands of DNA sequences, and proteomics examines large numbers of proteins. Scientists are using these technologies to develop innovative tests to detect disease and to predict a patient's likelihood of responding to specific drugs. Following a recent case involving premature use of omics-based tests in cancer clinical trials at Duke University, the NCI requested that the IOM establish a committee to recommend ways to strengthen omics-based test development and evaluation. This report identifies best practices to enhance development, evaluation, and translation of omics-based tests while simultaneously reinforcing steps to ensure that these tests are appropriately assessed for scientific validity before they are used to guide patient treatment in clinical trials.

Diagnostic Pathology: Endocrine

Author : Vania Nosé
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
Page : 922 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2022-08-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780323847568

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Diagnostic Pathology: Endocrine by Vania Nosé Pdf

This expert volume in the Diagnostic Pathology series is an excellent point-of-care resource for practitioners at all levels of experience and training. Covering all areas of endocrine pathology, it incorporates the most recent clinical, pathologic, and molecular knowledge in this challenging field to provide a comprehensive overview of all key issues relevant to today’s practice. Richly illustrated and easy to use, the third edition of Diagnostic Pathology: Endocrine is a one-stop reference for accurate, complete pathology reports, ideal as a day-to-day reference or as a reliable training resource. Provides essential knowledge in all areas of endocrine pathology, including thyroid, parathyroid, pituitary, adrenal, paraganglia, pancreas, skin, neuroendocrine neoplasms, and inherited tumor syndromes—more than 150 diagnoses in all Offers a wealth of new information based on recently recognized and discovered endocrine diseases, as well as tumor types with important implications for patient care Includes new content on thyroid lesions and tumors now associated with DICER1 gene mutations; the correlation of newly characterized genetic abnormalities in endocrine tumors associated with responses to targeted therapies; and newly recognized syndromes, such as multiple endocrine neoplasia type 4 and type 5, glucagon cell hyperplasia and neoplasia, and others Meticulously edited by Dr. Vania Nosé with contributions from renowned pathologists to ensure that common/classic endocrine diagnoses as well as newly recognized diseases and unusual cases, are well covered Features nearly 2,200 high-quality images in print and online, including clinical and histologic images, gross pathology images, radiologic images, and full-color illustrations to help practicing and in-training pathologists reach a confident diagnosis Includes updated criteria, terminology, and classifications for a wide range of tumors according to the latest literature, including the 2022 WHO Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Tumors classification Employs consistently templated chapters, bulleted content, key facts, and annotated images for quick, expert reference at the point of care

The Gene

Author : Siddhartha Mukherjee
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 624 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2016-05-17
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781476733531

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The Gene by Siddhartha Mukherjee Pdf

The #1 NEW YORK TIMES Bestseller The basis for the PBS Ken Burns Documentary The Gene: An Intimate History Now includes an excerpt from Siddhartha Mukherjee’s new book Song of the Cell! From the Pulitzer Prize–winning author of The Emperor of All Maladies—a fascinating history of the gene and “a magisterial account of how human minds have laboriously, ingeniously picked apart what makes us tick” (Elle). “Sid Mukherjee has the uncanny ability to bring together science, history, and the future in a way that is understandable and riveting, guiding us through both time and the mystery of life itself.” —Ken Burns “Dr. Siddhartha Mukherjee dazzled readers with his Pulitzer Prize-winning The Emperor of All Maladies in 2010. That achievement was evidently just a warm-up for his virtuoso performance in The Gene: An Intimate History, in which he braids science, history, and memoir into an epic with all the range and biblical thunder of Paradise Lost” (The New York Times). In this biography Mukherjee brings to life the quest to understand human heredity and its surprising influence on our lives, personalities, identities, fates, and choices. “Mukherjee expresses abstract intellectual ideas through emotional stories…[and] swaddles his medical rigor with rhapsodic tenderness, surprising vulnerability, and occasional flashes of pure poetry” (The Washington Post). Throughout, the story of Mukherjee’s own family—with its tragic and bewildering history of mental illness—reminds us of the questions that hang over our ability to translate the science of genetics from the laboratory to the real world. In riveting and dramatic prose, he describes the centuries of research and experimentation—from Aristotle and Pythagoras to Mendel and Darwin, from Boveri and Morgan to Crick, Watson and Franklin, all the way through the revolutionary twenty-first century innovators who mapped the human genome. “A fascinating and often sobering history of how humans came to understand the roles of genes in making us who we are—and what our manipulation of those genes might mean for our future” (Milwaukee Journal-Sentinel), The Gene is the revelatory and magisterial history of a scientific idea coming to life, the most crucial science of our time, intimately explained by a master. “The Gene is a book we all should read” (USA TODAY).

Diagnostic Pathology: Breast

Author : Susan C. Lester,David G. Hicks
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
Page : 779 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2021-02-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780323758963

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Diagnostic Pathology: Breast by Susan C. Lester,David G. Hicks Pdf

This expert volume in the Diagnostic Pathology series is an excellent point-of-care resource for practitioners at all levels of experience and training. Covering all areas of breast pathology, it incorporates the most recent clinical, pathological, radiological, staging, and molecular knowledge in the field to provide a comprehensive overview of all key issues relevant to today’s practice. Richly illustrated and easy to use, the third edition of Diagnostic Pathology: Breast is a one-stop reference for accurate, complete surgical pathology evaluation—ideal as a day-to-day reference or as a reliable training resource. Includes a wide range of new information on breast pathology, including material specific to core needle biopsies, to help you identify, diagnose, and manage disease Reflects updates to new tumor staging data in the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th Edition and updated ASCO/CAP guidelines for interpreting HER2 assays Brings you fully up to date with recent advances, including new molecular information for breast entities, new surgical techniques, more widely used multigene prognostic tests, and assays used to determine treatment, such as PD-L1 as a new immunotherapy biomarker for triple-negative breast cancer Features new chapters covering gene expression profiling; immunotherapy; the differential diagnosis for common histologic patterns; solid papillary carcinoma; acinic cell carcinoma; and intraoperative consultations, including a video showing how to process specimens with radioactive seeds Offers expert guidance on evaluation of postneoadjuvant resection specimens, sentinel lymph nodes, and extent of disease and multifocality Contains thousands of extensively annotated images, including gross pathology photographs, histopathology photomicrographs with a wide range of immunohistochemical stains, fluorescent in situ hybridization, and full-color illustrations Features a templated, highly formatted design; concise, bulleted text; diagnostic pearls; key facts in each chapter; and an extensive index for easy reference Includes the enhanced eBook version, which allows you to search all text, figures, and references on a variety of devices

Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States

Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Committee on Applied and Theoretical Statistics,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Technology, and Law,Committee on Identifying the Needs of the Forensic Sciences Community
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2009-07-29
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780309142397

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Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Committee on Applied and Theoretical Statistics,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Technology, and Law,Committee on Identifying the Needs of the Forensic Sciences Community Pdf

Scores of talented and dedicated people serve the forensic science community, performing vitally important work. However, they are often constrained by lack of adequate resources, sound policies, and national support. It is clear that change and advancements, both systematic and scientific, are needed in a number of forensic science disciplines to ensure the reliability of work, establish enforceable standards, and promote best practices with consistent application. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward provides a detailed plan for addressing these needs and suggests the creation of a new government entity, the National Institute of Forensic Science, to establish and enforce standards within the forensic science community. The benefits of improving and regulating the forensic science disciplines are clear: assisting law enforcement officials, enhancing homeland security, and reducing the risk of wrongful conviction and exoneration. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States gives a full account of what is needed to advance the forensic science disciplines, including upgrading of systems and organizational structures, better training, widespread adoption of uniform and enforceable best practices, and mandatory certification and accreditation programs. While this book provides an essential call-to-action for congress and policy makers, it also serves as a vital tool for law enforcement agencies, criminal prosecutors and attorneys, and forensic science educators.