Gut Microbiota Brain Axis In Enteric And Central Neuronal Functions In Health And Neuropsychiatric Disorders
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Gut Microbiota-Brain Axis in Enteric and Central Neuronal Functions in Health and Neuropsychiatric Disorders by Francesca Ronchi,Raffaella Gozzelino,Lloyd Kasper Pdf
Topic Editor Dr. Kasper is co-founder of Symbiotix Biotherapeutics. The other Topic Editors declare no competing interests with regards to the Research Topic theme.
Microbial Endocrinology by Mark Lyte,Primrose P.E. Freestone Pdf
Microbial endocrinology represents a newly emerging interdisciplinary field that is formed by the intersection of the fields of neurobiology and microbiology. This book will introduce a new perspective to the current understanding not only of the factors that mediate the ability of microbes to cause disease, but also to the mechanisms that maintain normal homeostasis. The discovery that microbes can directly respond to neuroendocrine hormones, as evidenced by increased growth and production of virulence-associated factors, provides for a new framework with which to investigate how microorganisms interface not only with vertebrates, but also with invertebrates and even plants. The reader will learn that the neuroendocrine hormones that one most commonly associates with mammals are actually found throughout the plant, insect and microbial communities to an extent that will undoubtedly surprise many, and most importantly, how interactions between microbes and neuroendocrine hormones can influence the pathophysiology of infectious disease.
Neuropsychiatric Disorders by Koho Miyoshi,Yasushi Morimura,Kiyoshi Maeda Pdf
Around the world societies are facing growing aging populations with the concomitant increase in neuropsychiatric disorders. Neuropsychiatric disorders are organic brain diseases with psychiatric symptoms, as in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, that cause cognitive impairment, including dementia, amnesic syndrome, and personality–behavioral changes. As a clinical science, neuropsychiatry aims to explore the complex interrelationship between behavior and brain function from a variety of perspectives, including those of psychology, neurology, and psychiatry. This concise and updated monograph comprises the latest findings in the field and includes chapters on delusional symptoms, mood disorders and neurotic symptoms, cognitive impairment, behavioral and personality changes, and recently, cerebral alterations revealed in PTSD patients and in endogenous psychoses through neuroimaging and neuropathology. These findings will certainly widen the realm of neuropsychiatry going forward and will prove of great value to specialists as well as to academics and trainees in neurology, psychiatry, neuropsychology, neuroradiology, neuropathology, neurophysiology, neurochemistry, and clinical genetics. Ultimately, neuropsychiatry aims to prevent and reduce the suffering of individuals with the psychiatric symptoms of cerebral disorders.
Gut Microbiota by Alper Evrensel,Barış Önen Ünsalver Pdf
The gut-brain axis has gained considerable attention from different branches of the scientific community in recent years. In this book, scientists from different disciplines present current scientific knowledge on the topic. The interaction between the prokaryote and eukaryote cells stimulates the evolutionary processes, and results in various systemic illnesses such as neuropsychiatric disorders and may help the continuity of health. Nature has provided us with healthy food that builds our pharmacy. This natural pharmacy store may help the body's healing processes through its effects on gut microbiota and the immune system. This book aims to provide the reader with detailed analyses of the current scientific knowledge on the gut-brain axis and its relation with health and disease. We hope that the reader benefits from the presented material.
The Gut-Brain Axis by Niall Hyland,Catherine Stanton Pdf
The Gut-Brain Axis: Dietary, Probiotic, and Prebiotic Interventions on the Microbiota, Second Edition presents the most advances on how the gut microbiome influences central nervous system and brain function introduced in the first edition. The book also describes how environmental influences which affect the microbiota, including, diet, exercise, and early-life, impact on the gut-brain axis. The second edition contains new chapters on metabolomics and the gut-brain-axis; dietary factors in the maintenance of a healthy brain ; the role of gut microbes in neurodegenerative disorders; the link between exercise and the gut-brain-axis; and infant Nutrition, the microbiome and neurodevelopment. In addition, the second edition presents coverage of mechanisms underlying neurological disease; approaches to investigate the role of the microbiome in brain and behavior, and 'next generation' probiotics and prebiotics. The Gut-Brain Axis: Dietary, Probiotic, and Prebiotic Interventions on the Microbiota, Second Edition continues to be the “go-to resource for further exploration of the microbiota. Includes new chapters focused on metabolomics and the gut-brain axis; dietary polyphenols to maintain healthier brain measures and cognitive function; the role of gut microbes in Parkinson’s Disease; the microbiota-gut-brain axis in psychosis; exploration of exercise and the gut-brain axis; and coverage of pediatric nutrition Updated chapters reflect on the most recent advances on the role of the microbiome and gut-brain axis in early-life, aging, cognition, metabolism, neurodevelopmental disorders, as well as on the enteric nervous system Addresses the role of diet and the gut-brain axis across several chapters with unique author insights and perspectives Examines common mechanisms and pathways by which the microbiota may influence brain and behavior Discusses strategies to explore the contribution of the microbiome to the gut-brain axis; methods to enhance therapeutic strategies targeted toward the microbiota; and presents a case study demonstrating a rational screening approach to increase translational success
Gut Microbiota in Neurologic and Visceral Diseases by Tahira Farooqui,Akhlaq A. Farooqui Pdf
Gut Microbiota in Neurologic and Visceral Diseases presents readers with comprehensive information on the involvement of microbiota in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. Chapters cover the effect of microbiota on the development of visceral (obesity, type 2 diabetes, heart disease) and neurological disorders (Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s, depression, anxiety, and autism). Sections focus on the molecular mechanisms and signal transduction processes associated with the links among microbiota-related visceral and neurological disorders. It is hoped that this discussion will not only integrate and consolidate knowledge in this field but will also jumpstart more studies on the involvement of microbiota in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. Reviews the relationship between gut microbiome, diseases and disorders Discusses the relationship between diet, microbiota and inflammation Includes neurodegenerative, neuropsychiatric and cardiovascular disorders Covers diabetes, obesity and metabolic disorders Identifies molecular mechanisms and signal transduction processes Encompasses dietary fiber, fat, prebiotics and probiotics
Microbiota Brain Axis by Jane Foster,Gerard Clarke Pdf
Microbiota Brain Axis: A Neuroscience Primer provides neuroscience researchers with a comprehensive guide on how to conduct effective microbiota-brain research, understand the appropriate methodologies, and collect and analyze microbiota data. The book begins with an introduction to the importance of the microbiota-brain communication in development and how microbiota impact neurodevelopmental disorders, mental health and neurodegeneration. In addition, the book discusses advances in microbiota analysis tools and techniques for neuroscience related research. Reviews the many approaches to manipulating the microbiota in animal studies - including the use of germ-free animals, antibiotics and diet - and covers the strengths and limitations of each Outlines available microbiota research tools, such as 16S sequencing and shot-gun metagenomics Provides a comprehensive guide to analyzing microbiota-related data and the many choices for bioinformatics
Microbial Endocrinology: The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Health and Disease by Mark Lyte,John F. Cryan Pdf
The field of microbial endocrinology is expressly devoted to understanding the mechanisms by which the microbiota (bacteria within the microbiome) interact with the host (“us”). This interaction is a two-way street and the driving force that governs these interactions are the neuroendocrine products of both the host and the microbiota. Chapters include neuroendocrine hormone-induced changes in gene expression and microbial endocrinology and probiotics. This is the first in a series of books dedicated to understanding how bi-directional communication between host and bacteria represents the cutting edge of translational medical research, and hopefully identifies new ways to understand the mechanisms that determine health and disease.
Gut-brain Connection, Myth Or Reality?: Role Of The Microbiome In Health And Diseases by Adrien A Eshraghi Pdf
In this book the recent advancements in understanding the gut-brain interaction as well as gut microbiome and how this interaction plays a vital role in human health and disease are discussed. Each chapter gives an analysis of questions, research directions, and methods within the field of gut-brain axis. The readers will benefit from the latest knowledge about our understanding about how gut-brain axis and modulation of gut microbiome determines predisposition to neurological disorders. The multidisciplinary book is essential reading for anyone interested in the field of gut-brain axis and gut microbiome: from undergraduates to graduate students as well as scientists and physicians having an interest in the new exciting field of gut microbiome and its relationship with brain function.
Microbes and the Mind by C.S.M. Cowan,B.E. Leonard Pdf
Interest in the mind-body connection has grown in recent years, with accumulating evidence showing that the gut microbiome can alter behavioral, neural, and psychological outcomes. This publication brings together a group of international experts who are investigating the microbiome and its potential to contribute to the causes and treatment of mental illness. The contributions are not aimed solely at specialists in clinical and experimental neuroscience. They cover a range of key topics, including the role of the microbiome in mental health and specific psychiatric disorders that occur across the lifespan, interactions with the immune system, diet, and pharmacological interventions. Furthermore, the microbial metabolite production and the potential for psychobiotic interventions that target the microbiome to improve mental health outcomes are discussed. This book is unique in its focus on the mechanisms and consequences of the activities of gut microorganisms in mental health and illness, providing expert insight into the current state of the art and important future directions for this emerging area of research. Additionally, it provides an excellent knowledge base for newcomers and a refresher for researchers and clinicians working in the fields of neuroscience, psychology, or psychiatry.
This report concludes that the prevalence of specific mental disorders is likely to remain broadly stable over the next 20 years. However, costs are projected to increase substantially, largely because of the expected increase in the number of people with dementia. The cost of lost employment is also projected to increase, confirming the major adverse economic impact of poor mental health. The report calls for future costs to be met, a focus on employment, more evidence-based interventions, better systems of early detection and treatment of dementia, and further research into the cost-effectiveness of a range of interventions, including mental health promotion and prevention initiatives.
Author : Gary R. Lewin,Bruce D. Carter Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media Page : 514 pages File Size : 49,6 Mb Release : 2014-03-25 Category : Medical ISBN : 9783642451065
Neurotrophic Factors by Gary R. Lewin,Bruce D. Carter Pdf
This book provides critical reviews of the role of neurotrophins and their receptors in a wide variety of diseases including neurodegenerative diseases like Huntington’s syndrome, cognitive function, psychiatric disorders such as clinical depression, Rett syndrome, motoneurone disease, spinal cord injury, pain, metabolic disease and cardiovascular disease. It also contains contributions from leaders in the field dealing with the basic biology, transcriptional and post-translational regulation of the neurotrophins and their receptors. The present book will review all recent areas of progress in the study of neurotrophins and their biological roles.
The enteric nervous system (ENS) is a complex neural network embedded in the gut wall that orchestrates the reflex behaviors of the intestine. The ENS is often referred to as the “little brain” in the gut because the ENS is more similar in size, complexity and autonomy to the central nervous system (CNS) than other components of the autonomic nervous system. Like the brain, the ENS is composed of neurons that are surrounded by glial cells. Enteric glia are a unique type of peripheral glia that are similar to astrocytes of the CNS. Yet enteric glial cells also differ from astrocytes in many important ways. The roles of enteric glial cell populations in the gut are beginning to come to light and recent evidence implicates enteric glia in almost every aspect of gastrointestinal physiology and pathophysiology. However, elucidating the exact mechanisms by which enteric glia influence gastrointestinal physiology and identifying how those roles are altered during gastrointestinal pathophysiology remain areas of intense research. The purpose of this e-book is to provide an introduction to enteric glial cells and to act as a resource for ongoing studies on this fascinating population of glia. Table of Contents: Introduction / A Historical Perspective on Enteric Glia / Enteric Glia: The Astroglia of the Gut / Molecular Composition of Enteric Glia / Development of Enteric Glia / Functional Roles of Enteric Glia / Enteric Glia and Disease Processes in the Gut / Concluding Remarks / References / Author Biography
Geriatric Gastroenterology by C. S. Pitchumoni,T. Dharmarajan Pdf
As aging trends in the United States and Europe in particular are strongly suggestive of increasingly older society, it would be prudent for health care providers to better prepare for such changes. By including physiology, disease, nutrition, pharmacology, pathology, radiology and other relevant associated topics, Geriatric Gastroenterology fills the void in the literature for a volume devoted specifically to gastrointestinal illness in the elderly. This unique volume includes provision of training for current and future generations of physicians to deal with the health problems of older adults. It will also serve as a comprehensive guide to practicing physicians for ease of reference. Relevant to the geriatric age group, the volume covers epidemiology, physiology of aging, gastrointestinal physiology, pharmacology, radiology, pathology, motility disorders, luminal disorders, hepato-biliary disease, systemic manifestations, neoplastic disorders, gastrointestinal bleeding, cancer and medication related interactions and adverse events, all extremely common in older adults; these are often hard to evaluate and judge, especially considering the complex aging physiology. All have become important components of modern medicine. Special emphasis is be given to nutrition and related disorders. Capsule endoscopy and its utility in the geriatric population is also covered. Presented in simple, easy to read style, the volume includes numerous tables, figures and key points enabling ease of understanding. Chapters on imaging and pathology are profusely illustrated. All chapters are written by specialists and include up to date scientific information. Geriatric Gastroenterology is of great utility to residents in internal medicine, fellows in gastroenterology and geriatric medicine as well as gastroenterologists, geriatricians and practicing physicians including primary care physicians caring for older adults.
