In Vitro Skin Toxicology

Author : Robert Chilcott,Shirley Price
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2008-07-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780470773086

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Principles and Practice of Skin Toxicology by Robert Chilcott,Shirley Price Pdf

Written by authorities in the field, this book provides a “bottom up” approach to studying skin toxicology. Principles and Practice of Skin Toxicology clearly outlines basic concepts, cites historical and modern references and contains a dictionary for easy reference. The inclusion of global legislation and regulatory aspects on the topic makes this a comprehensive review for every practitioner, clinical researcher in industry and academia, and MSc and PhD student of toxicology. Different sections cover skin structure and function, principles and measurement of skin absorption, clinical aspects of dermal toxicity and in vitro alternatives. A section on regulatory and legislative aspects includes case studies from the UK that fulfill European Union and US FDA requirements. A glossary provides definitions of technical terms, and the chapters contain an introduction, learning boxes and summary section for ease of use. Includes a chapter on drug delivery through the skin. Addresses risk assessment: a key area for the interpretation of skin absorption data that is rarely covered.

Author : Andre Rougier,Alan M. Goldberg,Howard I. Maibach
Publisher : Mary Ann Liebert
Page : 498 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Allergy
ISBN : UOM:39015034910342

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In Vitro Skin Toxicology by Andre Rougier,Alan M. Goldberg,Howard I. Maibach Pdf

Author : Anna Bal-Price,Paul Jennings
Publisher : Humana
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2014-05-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1493905201

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In Vitro Toxicology Systems by Anna Bal-Price,Paul Jennings Pdf

In Vitro Toxicology Systems brings together important issues and considerations needed in order to develop a workable, reliable, integrated testing strategy for the replacement of animals in toxicity testing regimes. This thorough volume includes sections on in vitro models for systemic organ toxicity, neurotoxicity, sensory organs, immunotoxicity and reproductive toxicity and addresses how stem cells may be used going forward. The book also tackles difficult areas of toxicology such as carcinogenicity and nanotoxicology, with additional chapters dedicated to kinetics, metabolism, and in vitro in vivo extrapolation. The book also addresses biological processes such as stress response pathways and mechanistic biomarkers and how these can be uncovered and measured using high content approaches. Reliable and authoritative, In Vitro Toxicology Systems will be of benefit not only to students, scientists and regulators working in the field of chemical safety assessment but also to a wider scientific audience.

Author : Shayne C. Gad
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 419 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2000-11-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781560327691

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In Vitro Toxicology, Second Edition by Shayne C. Gad Pdf

Toxicology has made tremendous strides in the sophistication of the models used to identify and understand the mechanisms of agents that can harm or kill humand and other higher organisms. Non-animals or in vitro models started to gain significant use in the 1960s. As a result of the increased concern over animal welfare, economic factors, and the need for greater sensitivity and understanding of mechanisms, interest in in vitro^n models has risen. This volume demonstrates that there now exists a broad range of in vitro models for use in either identifying or understanding most forms of toxicity. The availability of in vitro models spans both the full range of endpoints (irritation, sensitization, lethality, mutagenicity, and devlopmental toxicity) and the full spectrum of target organ systems (skin, eye, heart, liver, kidney, nervous system, etc.). Chapters are devoted to each of these speciality areas from a perspective of presenting the principal models and their uses and limitations. Chapters that overview the principles involved in the general selection and use of models, and that address the issues of safety concerns and regulatory acceptance of these methods are also included.

Author : Chantra Eskes,Erwin van Vliet,Howard I. Maibach
Publisher : Springer
Page : 592 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2017-11-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319503530

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Alternatives for Dermal Toxicity Testing by Chantra Eskes,Erwin van Vliet,Howard I. Maibach Pdf

This book provides comprehensive information on the alternative (non-animal) dermal toxicity test methods currently available for industrial, regulatory, and academic use and also explores potential future developments. It encompasses all areas of dermal toxicity, including skin irritation, skin corrosion, skin sensitization, UV-induced effects, and skin genotoxicity. An individual chapter is devoted to each test method, with coverage of the scientific basis, validation status and regulatory acceptance, applications and limitations, available protocols, and potential role within testing strategies. In addition, perspectives from the test developer are presented, for example regarding critical steps in the protocol. The closing section addresses areas that may be of relevance for the future of dermal toxicity safety testing, including the validation and regulatory acceptance of integrated testing strategies, novel complex skin models, and high-throughput screening techniques.

Author : Nancy A. Monteiro-Riviere
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 452 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2010-02-17
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781420079180

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Toxicology of the Skin by Nancy A. Monteiro-Riviere Pdf

This key volume of the Target Organ Toxicology Series provides a fresh and modern approach to the subject of skin toxicology from the perspective of how the skin forms a barrier that protects the body from the external environment and how chemicals and drugs interact with the barrier properties of the skin. Any defects or perturbations to this barr

Author : Michael S. Roberts,Kenneth A. Walters
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 714 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : UOM:39015074220701

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Dermal Absorption and Toxicity Assessment, Second Edition by Michael S. Roberts,Kenneth A. Walters Pdf

The source Dermal Absorption and Toxicity Assessment supplies a state-of-the-art overview of the dermal absorption process, and is divided into six well organized sections. Written by internationally recognized experts in the field, this Second Edition is a complete revised and updated text, covering the wide range of methods used to assess skin absorption and the various governmental and industrial programs concerned with skin permeation and toxicity. These include alternative in silico, in vitro, and in vivo strategies to conduct studies for regulatory requirements. To make room for this new expanded content, the editors are publishing a concurrent text entitled: Dermatological and Cosmetic Development with a concentration on subjects concerned with dermatological and cosmetic therapies

Author : David W. Hobson
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 682 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2020-11-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781000159707

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Dermal and Ocular Toxicology by David W. Hobson Pdf

Dermal and Ocular Toxicology: Fundamentals and Methods is a procedurally-oriented volume of detailed methods and practical examples discussing the dermal and ocular aspects of toxicology. The book is divided into a dermal section and an ocular section. Each section begins with a chapter on the anatomy and physiology of each organ system and then progresses to more specialized chapters discussing such topics as the toxicological pathology of each system, state-of-the-art in vitro and in vivo evaluatory procedures, statistical considerations for test design and data interpretation, and the utilization of test findings. Test methods are provided for acute dermal exposure effects, dermal hypersensitivity and photoallergy assessment, dermal and ocular 0.pharmacokinetics, skin flap and skin grafting techniques, and in vitro alternative methods. This book can be used as an instructional text or as a sourcebook for practicing toxicologists, pharmacologists, industrial hygienists, occupational health professionals, and graduate students.

Author : Keith R Brain,Robert P Chilcott
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
Page : 476 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781849733984

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Advances in Dermatological Sciences by Keith R Brain,Robert P Chilcott Pdf

Readily accessible, yet detailed, this book presents cutting-edge advances in the field of dermatological sciences.

Author : Jim E. Riviere,Nancy A. Monteiro-Riviere
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2005-08-24
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0203020820

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Dermal Absorption Models in Toxicology and Pharmacology by Jim E. Riviere,Nancy A. Monteiro-Riviere Pdf

Many experimental methods and mathematical modeling approaches rooted in disciplines outside of toxicology can be effectively applied to estimating dermal absorption. Dermal Absorption Models in Toxicology and Pharmacology explores current approaches and techniques that can be used to quantify dermal absorption with endpoints useful in both toxicology and pharmacology. The book begins with a review of basic principles and the in vitro and in vivo experimental approaches available for assessing dermal absorption of drugs and chemicals. This is followed by coverage of mathematical or in silico models for quantitating percutaneous absorption and the applications of these techniques to the risk assessment process. The remainder of the book explores scenarios where the unique properties of the chemicals being studied or the matrix in which they are exposed must be considered and then wraps up with a comparative analysis of chemical permeability in human and animal skin. Many of the books covering this subject are just too comprehensive and serve primarily as reference works. This book takes a different approach. Jim Riviere's editorial guidance ensures that the information is readable, accessible, authoritative, and concise, making it the perfect resource for familiarizing new researchers and students to the field and updating established scientists.

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 91 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2024-06-25
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264264359

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OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 442E: In Vitro Skin Sensitisation In Vitro Skin Sensitisation assays addressing the Key Event on activation of dendritic cells on the Adverse Outcome Pathway for Skin Sensitisation by OECD Pdf

The present Key Event based Test Guideline (TG) addresses the human health hazard endpoint skin sensitisation, following exposure to a test chemical. Skin sensitisation refers to an allergic response following skin contact with the tested chemical, as defined by the United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (UN GHS). This TG is proposed to address the activation of dendritic cells, which is one Key Event on the Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) for Skin Sensitisation. It provides four in vitro test methods addressing the same Key Event on the AOP: (i) the human cell Line Activation Test or h-CLAT method, (ii) the U937 Cell Line Activation Test or U-SENS, (iii) the Interleukin-8 Reporter Gene Assay or IL-8 Luc assay and (iv) the Genomic Allergen Rapid Detection for assessment of skin sensitisers (GARDTMskin). All of them are used for supporting the discrimination between skin sensitisers and non-sensitisers in accordance with the UN GHS. The test methods described in this TG either quantify the change in the expression of cell surface marker(s) CD54 and CD86, the cytokine IL-8, or a series of genes (genomic biomarker signature) that are associated with the process of activation of monocytes and DC following exposure to sensitisers.

Author : Corrado L. Galli,Christopher N. Hensby,Marina Marinovich
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 310 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781468479027

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Skin Pharmacology and Toxicology by Corrado L. Galli,Christopher N. Hensby,Marina Marinovich Pdf

Major skin diseases, including acne, psoriasis and eczcma, affect the majority of the population at some time in their lives. In general, these diseases are physically and psychologically disfiguring for the sufferers; furthermore, by their very chronic nature skin diseases, unlike most other disease processes, present both acute and chronic therapy problems. In addition, the chronic nature of these diseases can present certain economic problems. Firstly, chronic therapy is becoming increasingly expensive and secondly, patients adhering to a strict treatment regimen will frequently be absent from their gainful employment for either medical consultation or treatment. Given that in all NATO countries the average age of the population is continually increasing, these chronic skin diseases will increase in importance in the coming years. Furthermore, as the average population age increases, additional disease processes such as skin photodamage and carcinogenicity risk becoming major areas of therapeutic concern. This book reviews in detail the major scientific areas of interest for research and clinical scientists working in skin pharmacology and toxicology. The basic principles relating to an understanding of how drugs and chemicals may influence either the skin or the body as a whole are discussed in detail by recognized international scientific experts.

Author : A. de Brugerolle de Fraisinette,Société Pharmaco-Toxicologie Cellulaire
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 35 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:247520502

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Recent Data on in Vitro Skin Toxicology by A. de Brugerolle de Fraisinette,Société Pharmaco-Toxicologie Cellulaire Pdf

Author : Alok Dhawan,Seok (Soga) Kwon
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2017-11-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128047712

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In Vitro Toxicology by Alok Dhawan,Seok (Soga) Kwon Pdf

In Vitro Toxicology details the protocols and methods of in vitro testing, highlighting the usefulness of models, methods and the cost-effectiveness and reproducibility of such methodologies. The current approaches and strategies required to develop an easy, reliable, validated and high throughput system for use in alternative animal models to circumvent in vivo testing are discussed in detail. The book also includes chapters on the principles involved in the general selection and use of models that address safety concerns, regulatory acceptance and the current understandings and strategies for the identification of biomarkers in toxicity testing. Furthermore, principles involved in the general selection and use of models that address the issues of safety concerns and regulatory acceptance of these models are discussed, making the book beneficial to students, scientists, and regulators working in toxicology, as well as those in the field of chemicals and the safety assessment of novel materials. Discusses new techniques and protocols in a clear and concise manner includes examinations of nanotoxicity, genotoxicity and carcinogenicity Explains practical laboratory methods and the theories behind in vitro testing

Author : Howard I. Maibach
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 573 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2001-03-15
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781420022728

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Toxicology of Skin by Howard I. Maibach Pdf

Toxic injury to the skin in the general population, and particularly in western populations, is on the increase. This is partly due to the expanding number of natural and man-made chemicals present in our everyday environment. The need for a thorough understanding of the skin, and the mechanisms of toxicity therein, has never been more pressing. Th